3568312
Descripción
Test por Justin Miller, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Justin Miller
hace casi 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
In synaptic integration, summation can take place between:
Respuesta
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IPSPs and other IPSPs but temporal summation only
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IPSPs and other IPSPs or EPSPs both temporal and spatial summation
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EPSPs and other EPSPs but spatial summation only.
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
During plateau action potential:
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the delayed rectifier channels are fully open
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the inward rectifier channels are closed
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the Ca2+ channels are open
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
About after-potentials of an action potential evoked following repetitive activity:
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the after-depolarization is partly due to slowing down of K+ efflux
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the after-hyperpolarization is partly due to excessive extrusion of Na+ by the pump.
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the after-hyperpolarization is partly due to excessive efflux of K+
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
About transport within neuron: particles can be transported within the cytoplasm:
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from the nerve terminals to the cell body and is called retrograde.
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from the cell body to the nerve endings and is called orthodromic.
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from the nerve terminals to the cell body and is called antidromic.
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
The Na+-K+ transporter:
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pumps 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in through their respective channels
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creates an increase in the negativity of the RMP
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is a form of secondary active transport
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choices 1 and 3 are true
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none of the above choices are true
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS):
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lesions are more localized whereas those of multiple sclerosis (MS) are diffused
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like MS, it demyelinate nerves only in the CNS
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like MS, may lead to paralysis
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
The resting membrane potential of a nerve becomes:
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less negative when Na+ concentration in extracellular fluid [Na]o is increased
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less negative when [K+]o is increased
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more negative when [Na+]o is increased
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more negative when [Ca2+]o is increased
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none of the above
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
If the K+ delayed rectifier channels are blocked by TEA then the nerve AP would:
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look similar to the cardiac ventricular AP
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look like a pacemaker AP
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be blocked
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look like a skeletal muscle AP
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none of the above
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The nerve action potential:
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during its up-stroke the Na+/K+ permeability ratio is small
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during its down-stroke (repolarization), the K+/Na+ permeability ratio is small
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its upstroke is due to Na+ activation
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The compound action potential:
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cannot be recorded form a single squid giant axon
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is not an all-or-none response
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can be only be recorded in the PNS
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choices 1 and 2.
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choices 1, 2 and 3.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The resting membrane potential:
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supplies “potential energy” for firing action potentials
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can be calculated by using a modified Nernst equation
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supplies needed energy for the Na-K pump
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1,2 and 3
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Subthreshold depolarization of the axon membrane
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remains the same size at each point along the axon membrane
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produces a local response
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decreases in size as it sweeps along the membrane
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
In a myelinated axon, at which point along the axon can ion enter and leave the membrane?
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the membrane segment under the Schwann cell wrapping
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the axon hillock
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the node of Rnavier
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which of the following is an advantage of salutatory conduction?
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faster conduction
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less transmitter is required to send a message across the synapse
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conservation of energy: i.e. less energy is expended by the membrane
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1 and 3
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The essential event (s) for the release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic membrane is:
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the arrival of an EPSP at the axon terminal
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influx of calcium ions into the axon terminal
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influx of K ions into the axon terminal
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Presynaptic inhibition
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can be produced by chloride efflux at certain nerve terminals
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it may involve AMPA receptors
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longer lasting than postsynaptic inhibition
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1 and 3
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following will produce an EPSP?
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opening sodium channels
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closing sodium channels
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opening potassium channels
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opening chloride channels
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closing calcium channels
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which of the following is true
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oligodendrocytes exist in the brain
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Schwann cells provide myelin for peripheral nerve axons
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a single Schwann cell wraps a single segment of a peripheral nerve
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a single oligodendrocytes can mylinate up to 50 segments of axon membrane
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all of the above are correct
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
_________ generate scar tissue which impedes regeneration of damaged axons
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astrocytes
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Schwann cells
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axon terminals
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oligodendrocytes
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dendrites
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following represents the normal order of activation in neuronal transmission?
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axon∏ dendrites∏soma∏axon terminals
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axon terminals ∏soma∏ axon∏ dendrites
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dendrites∏soma∏ axon∏ axon terminals
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soma∏ axon∏ dendrites∏axon terminals
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dendrites∏ axon terminals∏ soma∏ axon
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The ___________ is defined as the difference in electrical charge between the intracellular side and the extracellular side of an inactive nerve cell membrane.
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local potential
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EPSP
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action potential
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membrane potential
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EPP
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
An electric stimulus applied to an axon that moves the membrane potential from –70 to –45 mV will result in:
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local potential
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EPSP
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action potential
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membrane potential
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EPP
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Match the correct synaptic event with each ion channel action:
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entry of a negative ion-hyperpolarization
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entry of a positive ion-hyperpolarization
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exit of a positive ion-depolarization
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exit of a negative ion-hyperpolarization
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choices 1 and 3 are correct
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which of the following events contribute to the restoration of the membrane potential from the peak of action potential
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closure of sodium channels
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potassium ions move out of the cell
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the sodium-potassium transporter
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Regarding types of synaptic transmission: _______ is an example of ________
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glutamate NMDA receptor-fast synaptic transmission
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mACh receptor-fast synaptic transmission
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serotonin 5-HT3 receptor-slow synaptic transmission
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GABAa receptor-slow synaptic transmission
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all of the above correct correct
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Compared with types A and B fibers; type C fibers are:
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unmyelinated
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with the slowest speed of conducttion
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sensitive to the action of local anesthetics
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Sodium channels, K channels and Na-K pumps exist on all parts of:
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myelinated nerve membrane
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unmyelinated nerve membrane
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muscle cell membrane
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
The process that blocks all postsynaptic potentials is:
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blockade of the postsynaptic receptors.
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inhibition of transmitter release.
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degradation of the transmitter molecule by a native enzyme.
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
The “all-or-none law”:
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does not apply to ventricular action potential
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refers to the observation that an action potential is evoked whenever the membrane potential reaches threshold
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does not apply to IPSP
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Sodium ions:
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Are involved directly in the production of action potential
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cross the membrane through their specific channels during action potential by simple diffusion
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responsible for formation of EPP
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which of the following will "neutralize" an EPSP?
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further opening a sodium channel
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allowing intracellular anions to leave the cell
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closing a potassium channel
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opening a chloride channel
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choices 2 and 4.
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which of the following statements is correct?
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CO2 and O2 are not lipid soluble substances.
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Some drugs (e.g. endomethacin) stabilize lysosomal membrane, which may explain their anti- inflammatory action
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specific Na+ channels are the same as acetylcholine channels.
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Fast axonal transport is directly involved in conduction of impulses.
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All of the above are incorrect.
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following will produce an IPSP?
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opening sodium channels only
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opening chloride channels only
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opening potassium channels only
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The membranes that most commonly form synapses are the ______ and _______
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motor nerve terminals ; skeletal muscle
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axon terminals; dendrites
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axon terminals; glial
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
About the reversal potential of a nerve:
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different excitable tissues have different reversal potentials
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it is the highest positive value the AP reaches
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is also called the threshold
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
What type of refractory periods occurs during:
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EPP- relative
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EPSP-absolute
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mEPP-realtive
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mEPSP-absolute
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none of the above is correct
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
The process which terminates the action of ACh at the neuromuscular junction is:
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disruption of the postsynaptic receptor.
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enzymatic degradation by ACh-esterases.
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inhibition of ACh synthesis.
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1, 2 and 3
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
A drug that opens potassium channels of an axon and causes a 5 mV change in resting membrane potential (RMP):
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that change is called depolarization
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causes a 5 mV increase in the amplitude of evoked action potential
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that change is called hyperpolarization
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 2 and 3
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Conduction velocity of a nerve can be calculated if the following information is provided:
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duration of action potentials (AP) and length of nerve
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the latent period and length of nerve between electrodes
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strength of the stimulus and length of nerve
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the refractory periods and length of nerve
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none of the above, more information is needed.
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which of the following statement(s) about compound action potential is/are False?
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Compound action potential is seen when a single axon is stimulated
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The first peak in a compound action potential belongs to A fiber type
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A compound action potential is an all-or-none phenomenon
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choices 1 and 2
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choices 1 and 3
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