3591882
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Test por ashleigh nichole, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por ashleigh nichole
hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Definitions of Sociology From "The Blackwell Dictionary of Sociology"
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The study of society
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The study of groups
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The study of social behaviors
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The study of culture
Pregunta 2
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[blank_start]Sociology[blank_end] is the study of social life and behavior especially in relation to social systems, how they work, how they change, the consequences they produce, and their complex relation to peoples lives
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Cohension
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Sociologist Perspective
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Sociology
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Sociological Imagination
Pregunta 3
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[blank_start]Sociologist perspective[blank_end] helps us to identifying patterns in human interaction, how and why these patterns exist, the consequences of them and how to produce of change these patterns.
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Sociologist perspective
Pregunta 4
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[blank_start]Sociological Imagination[blank_end] is the ability to see the social patterns that influence individual and group life.
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Sociological Imagination
Pregunta 5
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Applied Sociology is the use of the discipline of sociology with specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organization, while clinical sociology is dedicated to altering social relationships and restructuring social institutions.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 6
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Who believed in a theoretical science of society and a systematic investigation of behavior were needed to improve society?
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Karl Max
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Max Weber
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Herbert Spencer
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August Comte
Pregunta 7
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[blank_start]Social Cohension[blank_end] is the degree to which members of a society feel united by shared values and other social bonds
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Social Cohension
Pregunta 8
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Mechanical Solidarity is the interdependence brought about by an increasingly specialized division of labor (how people divide their task), while Organic Solidarity is what people experience as a result of performing the same or similar task.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 9
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Gemeinschaft is a society in which life is intimate and Gesellschaft is a society dominated by impersonal realtionships
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- True
- False
Pregunta 10
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[blank_start]Effective Theory[blank_end] may have both explanatory and predictive powers- it can help us see the relationships among seemingly, isolated phenomena as well as, understand how one type of change in an environment leads to other changes.
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Effective Theory
Pregunta 11
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Functionalists and Conflict Theorists are micro-level, while symbolic interactionists are macro-level
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- True
- False
Pregunta 12
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[blank_start]The Functionalist Perspective[blank_end] emphasizes the way that the parts of society are structures to maintain its stability.
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The Functionalist Perspective
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Sociologist Perspective
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Interactionism
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None of the above
Pregunta 13
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[blank_start]Dysfunction[blank_end] refers to an element or process of a society that may actually disrupt the social system or reduce its stability.
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Dysfunction
Pregunta 14
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Manifest Functions are unconscious or unintended functions that may reflect hidden purposes of an institution, While Latent Functions are open, stated, conscious functions they involve the intended.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 15
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[blank_start]Conflict Perspective[blank_end] assumes that social behaviors is best understood in terms of conflict between competing groups.
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Conflict Perspective
Pregunta 16
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[blank_start]Conflict Theorists[blank_end] are interested in how society's institutions may help to maintain the privileges of some groups and keep others in a subservient position.
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Conflict Theorists
Pregunta 17
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[blank_start]The interactionist perspective[blank_end] generalizes about everyday forms of social interactions in order to understand society as a whole.
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The interactionist perspective
Pregunta 18
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Who is regarded as the founder of the interactionist perspective?
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Max Weber
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George Herbert Mead
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Auguste Comte
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Emile Durkheim
Pregunta 19
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[blank_start]Interactionism[blank_end] is a sociological framework in which human beings are seen to be living in a world of meaningful objects.
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Interactionism
Pregunta 20
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An important figure in the study of societal change
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Karl Max
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Herbert Spencer
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Auguste Comte
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None of the above
Pregunta 21
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Who is most commonly known for socialism and communism (they are also central to sociology for their ideas about social class and class struggle)?
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Karl Max
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Auguste Comte
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Herbet Spencer
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Emile Durkheim
Pregunta 22
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Who is best known for their studies on suicide rates among different groups and plays an important role in getting sociology recognized as a separate academic discipline?
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Max Weber
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Auguste Comte
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Emile Durkhiem
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Herbert Spencer
Pregunta 23
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Who was the most influential of all sociologist, raising issues that remain controversial even today and believed that religion was the central force in social change?
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Auguste Comte
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Max Weber
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Herbert Spencer
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None of the above
Pregunta 24
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Who advocated that sociological research should be value-free, or that personal values or bias should not influence social research?
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Herbert Spencer
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Emile Durkhiem
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Auguste Comte
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None of the above
Pregunta 25
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Quantitative Methods seeks information about the social world that is already in or can be converted to numeric form, while Qualitative Methods attempts to collect information about the social world that cannot be converted to numeric form.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 26
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Deductive Research starts with empirical observation and then works to form a theory, Inductive Research starts with a theory, forms a hypothesis, makes empirical observation and then analyzes data to confirm the theory.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 27
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[blank_start]operational definition[blank_end] is an explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to access the concept.
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operational definition
Pregunta 28
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[blank_start]Hypothesis[blank_end] is a speculative statement about the relationship between two or more factors known as variable.
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Hypothesis
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Dependent variable is what depends on the other variable while independent variables cause or influence the other variable
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- True
- False
Pregunta 30
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[blank_start]Random Sample[blank_end] is when every member of an entire population is being studied has the same chance of being selected.
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Random Sample
Pregunta 31
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[blank_start]Generalizeability[blank_end] is the extent to which we can claim that our findings informs about a group larger than the one that we studied.
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Generalizeability
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[blank_start]Scientific Ideal[blank_end] is mapping out cause and effect relationships in which we know that change in one variable causes change in another.
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Scientific Ideal
Pregunta 33
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[blank_start]Correlation[blank_end] exist when a change in one variable coincides with change in the other.
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Correlation
Pregunta 34
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A spurious correlation happens when two variables change together but neither causes the other.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 35
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To be sure of a real cause and effect relationship, we must show?
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There us no evidence that the correlation is spurious because of some third variable
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There are exactly two constant varables
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The independent variable precedes the dependent variable in time
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two variables are correlated
Pregunta 36
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Reliability is the extent to which a measure produces consistent results, while validity is the degree to which a measure or scale truly reflects the phenomenon under study.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 37
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[blank_start]Secondary Analysis[blank_end] refers to a variety of research techniques that make use of previously collected and publicly assible information and data.
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Secondary Analysis
Pregunta 38
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[blank_start]Content Analysis[blank_end] is a systematic coding and objective recording of data, guided by some rationale.
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Content Analysis
Pregunta 39
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What is the Hawthorne effect?
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the unintended influence of observers
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when people are very truthful when they are being observed
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When people lie more when they are being observed
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When someone don't like being interviewed
Pregunta 40
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[blank_start]Reflexitivity[blank_end] refers to how the researcher being present may influence the responses of the participant.
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Reflexitivity
Pregunta 41
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[blank_start]Culture[blank_end] is the complex system of meaning and behavior that defines the way of life for a given group or society.
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Culture
Pregunta 42
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[blank_start]Society[blank_end] refers to people who interact in a defined territory and share a culture.
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Society
Pregunta 43
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[blank_start]Symbols[blank_end] are defined as anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by people who share culture.
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Symbols
Pregunta 44
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[blank_start]Gestures[blank_end] refer to using ones body to communicate with others and are simply shorthand means of communication.
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Gestures
Pregunta 45
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[blank_start]Language[blank_end] is a system of symbols that allows people to communicate with one another.
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Language
Pregunta 46
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[blank_start]Cultural transmission[blank_end] is the process by which one generation passes the culture to the next.
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Cultural transmission
Pregunta 47
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[blank_start]The Sapir-Wharf hypothesis[blank_end] states that our thinking and perception are not only expressed by language, but actually shaped by language.
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The Sapir-Wharf hypothesis
Pregunta 48
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[blank_start]Values[blank_end] are culturally defined standards by which people judge desirability, goodness, and beauty, and which serve as broad guidelines for social living.
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Values
Pregunta 49
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[blank_start]Norms[blank_end] are rules and expectations that develop out of a groups values by which a society guides the behavior of its members.
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Norms
Pregunta 50
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Types of Norms?
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Folkway
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law
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mores
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principles
Pregunta 51
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Sanctions is what happens when people do everything in there power to go against norms
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- True
- False
Pregunta 52
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Taboos are norms so strongly ingrained that even the thought of them are greeted with revulsion, while ethnomethodology is a technique for studying human interaction by deliberately disrupting social norms and observing how individuals respond.
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- True
- False
Pregunta 53
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Material Cultures are?
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things like jewelry, art, buildings, clothing , and etc
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are ways of thinking
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are social patterns
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None of the above
Pregunta 54
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[blank_start]Nonmaterial Culture[blank_end] is a group ways of thinking (beliefs, value) and common patterns of behavior (gesture, language)
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Nonmaterial Culture
Pregunta 55
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Ideal Culture is when actual social patterns only approximate cultural expectations, while real culture is defined by social patterns which are mandated by cultural values and norms
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- True
- False
Pregunta 56
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[blank_start]High Culture[blank_end] refers to cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite
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High Culture
Pregunta 57
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[blank_start]Popular Culture[blank_end] designates cultural patterns that are widespread among a societys population.
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Popular Culture
Pregunta 58
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[blank_start]Cultural Integration[blank_end] is the close relationship among various elements of a cultural system.
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Cultural Integration
Pregunta 59
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[blank_start]Cultural lag[blank_end] refers to the fact that cultural elements change at different rates which may disrupt a cultural system.
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Cultural lag
Pregunta 60
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what are cultural changes that are set in motion by what factors?
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invention
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dicovery
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reliability
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diffusion
Pregunta 61
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[blank_start]Cultural Relativism[blank_end] consists of trying to appreciate other groups ways of life in the contexts in which they exist, without judging them as superior or inferior to our own.
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Cultural Relativism
Pregunta 62
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[blank_start]Multiculturalism[blank_end] is an educational program recognizing the cultural diversity of the U.S. and promoting equality of all cultural traditions.
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Multiculturalism
Pregunta 63
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[blank_start]Ethnocentrism[blank_end] is using our own culture (assuming to to be good, right, superior) to judge other cultures.
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Ethnocentrism
Pregunta 64
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[blank_start]Eurocentrism[blank_end] is the dominance of European (especially English) cultural patterns.
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Eurocentrism
Pregunta 65
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[blank_start]Subcultures[blank_end] are groups whose values and related behaviors are so distant that they set their members off from the dominant culture.
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Subcultures
Pregunta 66
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[blank_start]countercultures[blank_end] are groups whose values set their members in opposition to the dominant cultures,
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countercultures
Pregunta 67
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[blank_start]Cultural shock[blank_end] refers to personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life.
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Cultural shock
Pregunta 68
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keys to promoting global culture?
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Global economy
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global communication
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global problems
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global migration
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