Antihelminths/Antibacterials/Antifungal/Antiviral/Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Descripción

Let's f*cking do this
Zainab Hassoun
Test por Zainab Hassoun, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Zainab Hassoun
Creado por Zainab Hassoun hace alrededor de 9 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Select all that apply. Which of the following are β-lactamase penicillins?
Respuesta
  • Ampicillin
  • Ticarcillin
  • Methicillin
  • Piperacillin
  • Nafcillin
  • Amoxicillin

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
What does PBP1A bind to?
Respuesta
  • Transpeptidase
  • Carboxypeptidase
  • Endopeptidase

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Penicillin G is stable in gastric acid.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Which of the following penicillins have rapid elimination times less than or equal to 90 minutes?
Respuesta
  • Penicillin G
  • Nafcillin
  • Ampicillin
  • Piperacillin
  • Amoxicillin
  • All of the above

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
One RARE side effect of Penicillin G K+ is [blank_start]_______________[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • hyperkalemia

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Select all that apply. The mechanism of action for penicillins are:
Respuesta
  • concentration dependent bactericidal action
  • time dependent bactericidal action
  • works best against rapidly dividing bacteria
  • works best against slowly dividing bacteria
  • inhibits transpeptidase activity of PBP3

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Which of the following cause neutropenia?
Respuesta
  • Penicillin V
  • Piperacillin
  • Penicillin G
  • Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid Combo
  • Vancomycin
  • A, B, and D
  • A and C
  • B, C, and E

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Which of the following is the correct mechanism for how Polymyxins act as antibiotics?
Respuesta
  • Binds to ribosome 30s to prohibit protein synthesis
  • Disrupts the integrity of the baceterial cell wall by displacing calcium and magnesium
  • Inhibits the cross-linkages between the peptidoglycan polymer strands
  • Disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane by displacing calcium and magnesium

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Which bacteria are susceptible to enzyme inactivation by beta lactamases?
Respuesta
  • Cephalosporins
  • Macrolides
  • Metronidazole
  • Tetracyclines

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Penicillins are narrow spectrum drugs
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Select all of the bactericidal antibiotics.
Respuesta
  • Macrolides
  • Penicillin
  • Tetracycline
  • Cephalexin
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Clindamycin

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a concern of antibiotic (antibacterial specifcially) use?
Respuesta
  • Stevens Johnsons
  • Superinfection
  • Teratology
  • Increased effects of oral contraceptives

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Penicillin G/Penicillin V
Respuesta
  • Used for mixed aerobic-anaerobic infections
  • Used against gram positive and gram negative bacteria
  • One of these two can be used for treatment of Rheumatic fever
  • These are all correct

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Which of the following is not an antistaphylococcal penicillin?
Respuesta
  • Amoxicillin
  • Methicillin
  • Nafcillin
  • These are all antistaphylococcal penicillins

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Penicillins work by inhibiting with enzyme?
Respuesta
  • Integrase
  • Peptidyl transferase
  • Transpeptidase
  • Transcriptase

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Penicillin V is administered by IV only
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a possible adverse effect from penicillins?
Respuesta
  • Allergy
  • Phlebitis
  • Fungal overgrowth
  • Hemolytic anemia

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
Which of the following is true regarding aminopenicillins?
Respuesta
  • Resistant to beta lactamases
  • Narrow spectrum
  • Ampicillin has less side effects than amoxicillin
  • Effective against gonorrhea and meningitis

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
Select the following that are ineffective against beta lactamases:
Respuesta
  • Penicillin V
  • Penicillin G
  • Dicloxacillin
  • Amoxicillin

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Which of the following best represents first generation cephalosporins?
Respuesta
  • Includes Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone
  • Used for UTI (urinary tract infections) and soft tissue abscesses
  • Effective against Klebsiella and H influenza
  • Used for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Which of the following best describes the second generation of cephalosporins?
Respuesta
  • Drug of choice for surgical prophylaxis
  • Used to treat meningitis
  • Includes the drug Cefuroxime
  • Includes the drug Cefepime

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
Protein synthesis inhibitors are considered narrow spectrum antibiotics
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Tetracyclines are broad spectrum antibiotics
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Which of the following best matches the mechanism of tetracyclines?
Respuesta
  • Inhibition of beta 1-3 glycan of bacterial cell wall, preventing cross linkages
  • Becomes mechanically reduced to toxic metabolite, interacting with DNA
  • Binds to 50s subunit, preventing binding of tRNA to mRNA
  • Binds to 30s subunit, preventing binding of tRNA to mRNA

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Which of the following are targeted by tetracyclines?
Respuesta
  • Rickettsia
  • MRSA infections
  • P. vivax malaria
  • All are targeted by tetracyclines

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding macrolides?
Respuesta
  • Broad spectrum
  • Used as an alternative for patients allergic to penicillins
  • Can be bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal, depending on dose (concentration)
  • Kills gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
Which of the following is incorrect regarding Chloramphenicol?
Respuesta
  • It is bacteriostatic
  • Binds to 50s ribosome
  • Can be used to treat typhoid fever
  • Can be used for Neisseria gonorrhea

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
Chloramphenicol can cause gray baby syndrome.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a use for Clindamycin?
Respuesta
  • Pseudomembranous colitis
  • Anthrax
  • Toxic shock syndrome
  • Odontogenic infection

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a concern for use of Clindamycin?
Respuesta
  • Neuromuscular block
  • Skin rashes
  • Pseudomembranous colitis
  • Fulminant hepatic necrosis

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
What is the clinical use of sulfonamides?
Respuesta
  • Skin infections
  • UTI (urinary tract infections)
  • Alternative for patients allergic to penicillins
  • Pseudomembranous colitis

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Sulfonamide is a structural analog of DFHR
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
Sulfonamides can cause which of the following adverse effects?
Respuesta
  • Photosensitivity
  • Pseudomembranous colitis
  • Neutropenia
  • Seizures

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
Clotrimazole can be used for UTI (urinary tract infections)
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
How do fluoroquinolones kill bacteria?
Respuesta
  • They bind to topoisomerase-DNA complexes and form an inactive complex
  • They bind to bacterial ribosomes 30s
  • They inhibit transpeptidases
  • They compromise the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
Which of the following can cause Red Man Syndrome?
Respuesta
  • Penicillin
  • Erythromycin
  • Vancomycin
  • Sulfamethoxazole

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of drugs such as gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin?
Respuesta
  • nephrotoxicity
  • vestibular toxicity
  • tooth discoloration
  • cochlear toxicity

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
Which of the following cannot be used to treatment of MRSA?
Respuesta
  • Linezolid
  • Vancomycin
  • Streptogramins
  • Clindamycin

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
MRSA is resistant to ALL penicillins and cephalosporins
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
Which of the following does NOT increase risk of nephrotoxicity?
Respuesta
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Amphoterecin B
  • Cisplatin
  • Macrolides

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
Nystatin is not related to Amphoterecin B and can therefore be used systemically.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
What type of fungal infection does nystatin treat?
Respuesta
  • Cryptococcal meningitis
  • Candida infections
  • Histoplasmosis
  • Asperillosis

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Choose all of the trizoles.
Respuesta
  • Ketoconazole
  • Itraconazole
  • Fluconazole
  • Voriconazole
  • Miconazole
  • Clotrimazole.

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
What is the correct mechanism of azoles?
Respuesta
  • Disrupts microtubule function and inhibits dermatophyte growth
  • Binds to membrane Ergosterol
  • Inhibits viral DNA polymerase
  • Inhibits the lanosterol 14 alpha enzyme, preventing the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol and disrupts the struction of fungal membrane

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT an adverse effect of Azoles
Respuesta
  • Steven Johnson
  • Increased levels of warfarin
  • Decreased fluconazole levels with isoniazid
  • Nephrotoxicity

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
Which of the following antifungals are used to disrupt microtubule (spindle) function?
Respuesta
  • Terbinafine
  • Griseofulvin
  • Echinocandins
  • Ketoconazole

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
Which of the following antifungals is used for onychomychosis and tinea?
Respuesta
  • Griseofulvin
  • Terbinafine
  • Echinocandins
  • Ketoconazole

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
Which antiviral drug prevents formation of DNA chain by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis?
Respuesta
  • Acyclovir
  • Ganciclovir
  • Raltegravir
  • Retrovir

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
Ganciclovir causes myelosuppression
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
What is the therapeutic use for Penicillin?
Respuesta
  • Drug of choice for streptococci, pneumococcal, and staphylococcal infections
  • Treat infections due to bacteria that have developed resistance to earlier generations of cephalosporins
  • Treatment of a broad range of gram positive and gram negative organisms
  • Treatment of patients who are unable to tolerate penicillins

Pregunta 51

Pregunta
What is the pharmacological class for Penicillin G?
Respuesta
  • Aminoglycoside, protein synthesis inhibitor
  • Fluroquinolone, bacterial DNA synthesis inhibitor
  • Natural penicillin, cell wall inhibitor, beta lactam
  • Mycolic acid inhibitor

Pregunta 52

Pregunta
What is the pharmacological class of Cefotaxime?
Respuesta
  • Beta lactam antibiotic, cell wall inhibitor
  • Tetracycline, protein synthesis inhibitor
  • Macrolide, protein synthesis inhibitor

Pregunta 53

Pregunta
Mechanism of action for Cefotaxime?
Respuesta
  • Inhibits cell wall synthesis
  • Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and prevents replication
  • Inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid

Pregunta 54

Pregunta
Tetracycline mechanism of action?
Respuesta
  • Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and prevents cell replication
  • Inhibits bacterial gyrase
  • Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Pregunta 55

Pregunta
What is the pharmacologic class for erythromycin?
Respuesta
  • Macrolide, protein synthesis inhibitor
  • Aminoglycoside, protein synthesis inhibitor
  • Beta lactam antibiotic

Pregunta 56

Pregunta
What is the mechanism of action for erythromycin?
Respuesta
  • Inhibits protein synthesis
  • Inhibits cell wall synthesis
  • Binds to peptidoglycan
  • Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and prevents cell replication

Pregunta 57

Pregunta
What is the pharmacologic class for gentamicin?
Respuesta
  • Fluoroquinolone
  • Sulfonamide, folic acid inhibitor
  • Aminoglycoside, protein synthesis inhibitor
  • Mycolic acid inhibitor

Pregunta 58

Pregunta
What is the mechanism of action for Gentamicin?
Respuesta
  • Inhibits bacterial metabolism of folic acid
  • Inhibits protein synthesis, disrupting cell membrane and killing bacteria
  • Inhibits synthesis of mycolic acids
  • Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase, interfering with bacterial replication and DNA error

Pregunta 59

Pregunta
Which of the following drugs would be used as treatment of UTI, GI, STDs, soft tissue, bone and joint infections?
Respuesta
  • Trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Isoniazid
  • Gentamicin

Pregunta 60

Pregunta
What is the pharmacological class and mechanism of action for ciprofloxacin?
Respuesta
  • Fluoroquinolone, inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase
  • Mycolic acid inhibitor, inhibits mycolic acid
  • Aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis
  • Sulfonamide, inhibits bacteiran metabolism of folic acid

Pregunta 61

Pregunta
Which drug would be used as a treatment for urinary tract infections, nocardiosis infections, and toxoplasmosis?
Respuesta
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Gentamicin
  • Penicillin
  • Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Pregunta 62

Pregunta
What is the mechanism of action and pharmacological class for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?
Respuesta
  • fluroquinolone, inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase
  • sulfonamide, inhibits bacterial metabolism of folic acid
  • aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis, disrupts membrane, kills bacteria

Pregunta 63

Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is a broad spectrum treatment of a wide range of helminth infections?
Respuesta
  • Mebendazole
  • Amphotericin B
  • Fluconazole
  • Cloroquine

Pregunta 64

Pregunta
What is the mechanism of action for Mebendazole?
Respuesta
  • Concentrates in food vacuoles of plasmodium residing in red blood cells
  • Inhibits microtubule formation and glucose uptake
  • Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes and causes them to leak
  • Interferes with ergosterol synthesis

Pregunta 65

Pregunta
What is the therapeutic class for Amphotericin B?
Respuesta
  • Antihelminth
  • Antifungal
  • Antifungal (systemic)
  • Antimalarial

Pregunta 66

Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is the treatment of most fungi pathogenic to humans, the preferred drug for most systemic mycoses?
Respuesta
  • Fluconazole
  • Cloroquine
  • Mebendazole
  • Amphotericin B

Pregunta 67

Pregunta
Select all the following drugs that are polyenes.
Respuesta
  • Amphotericin B
  • Echinocandin
  • Griseofulvin
  • Nystatin

Pregunta 68

Pregunta
What is the therapeutic class for the drug Fluconazole?
Respuesta
  • Antihelminth
  • Antifungal
  • Antibacterial
  • Antiviral
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