38986386
Descripción
Test por Nieacha Burke, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Nieacha Burke
hace alrededor de 1 año
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Components of the cytoskeleton may include all of the following except
Respuesta
-
Microsomes
-
Microfilaments
-
Microtubules
-
Intermediate filaments
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called
Respuesta
-
Translation
-
Transcription
-
Auscultation
-
Replication
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
The tails of a phospholipid molecule are
Respuesta
-
Facing the cytosol
-
Hydrophilic
-
Hydrophobic
-
Composed of amino acids
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
The duplication of DNA is called ______, the copying of DNA to mRNA is called _____, and the reading of the mRNA by a ribosome to make a protein is called ______.
Respuesta
-
Reproduction; duplication; initiation
-
Interphase; replication; active transport
-
Replication; transcription; translation
-
Replication; translation; transcription
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Most of a cell’s DNA is located in its
Respuesta
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Ribosomes
-
Nucleus
-
Lysosomes
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
Respuesta
-
Bind to ligands
-
Regulate the passage of ions
-
Act as a carrier molecules for various solutes
-
Storage of cellular nutrients
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Organelles that breakdown fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide are
Respuesta
-
Peroxisomes
-
Lysosomes
-
Nuclei
-
Endocytic vessels
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
The components of ribosomes are formed within
Respuesta
-
Nucleoli
-
Mitochondria
-
Golgi complexes
-
Lysosomes
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Compared to the extracellular fluid, cytosol contains
Respuesta
-
A higher concentration of amino acids
-
A higher concentration of potassium ions
-
Almost no glycogen
-
A lower concentration of dissolved proteins
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the
Respuesta
-
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
-
Mitochondria
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Ribosomes
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The potential difference across the cell membrane is known as
Respuesta
-
The membrane potential
-
The membrane difference
-
The cellular potential
-
The cellular difference
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Cell membranes are said to be ______ because they allow some substances to pass but not others.
Respuesta
-
Doubly amphipathic
-
Impermeable
-
Selectively permeable
-
Hydrophilic
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Which of the following best describes osmosis?
Respuesta
-
diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane
-
Movement of water into a solute
-
Active transport of water across the cell membrane
-
Random movement of water due to kinetic energy
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Special cells called ______ maintains tissues by unending cycles of cell division.
Respuesta
-
Omnipotent
-
Root
-
Stem
-
Cytogenic
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The _______ of a cell membrane indicates how easy it is for substances to cross.
Respuesta
-
Thickness
-
Permeability
-
Density
-
Pliability
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and cytokinesis occurs.
Respuesta
-
Metaphase
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
The stage in a cell’s life cycle in which the cell performs it’s normal functions and prepares for division is called
Respuesta
-
Telophase
-
Interphase
-
Metaphase
-
Prophase
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called
Respuesta
-
Merotonic
-
Hypotonic
-
Isotonic
-
Hypertonic
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Permanent altercations in a cell’s DNA that affect the nucleotide sequence of one or more genes are called
Respuesta
-
Changelings
-
Polymorphs
-
Mutations
-
Interferons
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
All of the following membrane transport mechanisms are passive processes except
Respuesta
-
Osmosis
-
Vesicular transport
-
Diffusion
-
Facilitated diffusion
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
Respuesta
-
“Goosebumps” are formed
-
Sweat is released from sweat glands
-
The skin changes color
-
Shivering occurs
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which of the following happens if the body temperature rises above normal?
Respuesta
-
Blood flow to the skin increases
-
Evaporative cooling stops
-
Sweat glands activity decreases
-
The activity of a melanocytes increase
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis is/are called
Respuesta
-
Scars
-
Pus
-
Keloids
-
Blisters
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
The clinical term for a bruise is a(n)
Respuesta
-
Infarction
-
Hemorrhage
-
Thrombus
-
Contusion
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
A bruise turns “black and blue” because of _____ in the dermis
Respuesta
-
The accumulation of pus
-
Hyperactive sebaceous glands
-
A lack of oxygen
-
Broken blood vessels
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The layer of hard keratin that coats the hair is termed the
Respuesta
-
Cuticle
-
Root
-
Medulla
-
Hair bulb
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
A child who skins his knee in a fall has a(n)
Respuesta
-
Incision
-
Puncture
-
Contusion
-
Abrasion
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Sensible perspiration is produced by _______ glands.
Respuesta
-
Ceruminous
-
Merocrine sweat
-
Sebaceous
-
Apocrine sweat
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Wrinkles in individuals are the result of
Respuesta
-
Loss of elastic fibers in the reticular layer of the dermis
-
Increased keratinization of the epidermis
-
Decreased thickness of the dermis
-
Increased production of epidermis layers
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Large quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratum
Respuesta
-
Basale
-
Lucidum
-
Corneum
-
Spinosum
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system except
Respuesta
-
Detection of sensation
-
Protection of underlying tissue
-
Maintenance of body temperature
-
Synthesis of vitamin C
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
The protein that permits stretching and recoiling of the skin is
Respuesta
-
Elastin
-
Melanin
-
Collagen
-
Keratin
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the _______ layer.
Respuesta
-
Reticular
-
Papillary
-
Hypodermal
-
Epidermal
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The layer of the skin that provides a barrier against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is the
Respuesta
-
Subcutaneous layer
-
Epidermis
-
Dermis
-
Sebaceous layer
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
The layer of stem cells that constantly divide to renew the epidermis is the
Respuesta
-
Stratum Basale
-
papillary layer
-
Stratum Corneum
-
Stratum granulosum
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Skin can regenerate effectively even after considerable damage has occurred because
Respuesta
-
Contraction in the area of the injury brings cells of adjacent strata together
-
The epidermis of the skin has a rich supply of small blood vessels
-
Fibroblasts in the dermis can give rise to new germinal cells in the epidermis
-
Stem cells persist in the skin even after injury
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
The _____ gland in the axilla become active at the time of puberty.
Respuesta
-
Apocrine sweat
-
Sebaceous
-
Axillary
-
Ceruminous
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The epidermis of the skin is composed of what type of tissue?
Respuesta
-
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
-
Simple squamous epithelium
-
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
-
Transitional epithelium
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Which of the following is formed in the skin when it is exposed to the sunlight?
Respuesta
-
Vitamin D
-
Vitamin E
-
Vitamin A
-
Vitamin B
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
An albino individual lacks the ability to produce
Respuesta
-
Melanin
-
Carotene
-
Perspiration
-
Keratin
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
One mole of any element has the same
Respuesta
-
Mass
-
Number of atoms
-
Weight
-
Number of electrons
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
The nucleus of an atom consists of
Respuesta
-
Protons
-
Neutrons
-
Protons & Neutrons
-
Electrons
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
The molecule O2 is known as
Respuesta
-
Oxygen
-
Oxide
-
Oxate
-
Organic
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with
Respuesta
-
Hydrogen, causing decomposition
-
Glucose, causing decomposition
-
Water, causing decomposition
-
Water, causing synthesis
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the
Respuesta
-
Size of the atom
-
Number of neutrons
-
Outermost electron shell
-
Number of protons
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
In chemical notation, the symbol Ca2+ means
Respuesta
-
A calcium ion that has lost two electrons
-
A calcium ion that has gained two electrons
-
Two calcium atoms
-
A calcium ion that has gained two protons
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Chemical reactions that yield energy, such as heat, are said to be
Respuesta
-
Endergonic
-
Exergonic
-
Thermonuclear
-
Activated
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Substrate molecules bind to enzymes at the _______ sites.
Respuesta
-
Reactant
-
Amino
-
Active
-
Neutral
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Kinetic energy is stored as ______ energy when a spring is stretched.
Respuesta
-
Plausible
-
Probable
-
Potential
-
Positive
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons, are called
Respuesta
-
Homotopes
-
Heterotopes
-
Heterotonic
-
Isotope
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
If the substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is
Respuesta
-
Alkaline
-
Acidic
-
A salt
-
Neutral
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Of the following choices, the pH of the least acidic solution is
Respuesta
-
7.4
-
6.9
-
2
-
3.8
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
The alpha-helix and beta sheet are examples of _____ protein structure.
Respuesta
-
Tertiary
-
Primary
-
Quaternary
-
Secondary
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Which of the following statements about water is false?
Respuesta
-
It is responsible for much of the mass of the human body
-
It contains hydrogen bonds
-
It has a relatively low heat capacity
-
It is composed of polar molecules
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates
Respuesta
-
Hydrophilic attraction
-
Chemical tension
-
Heat capacity
-
Surface tension
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
Molecules with two fatty acids chains and a phosphate group that form biological membranes are called
Respuesta
-
Diglycerides
-
Dipeptides
-
Phospholipids
-
Disaccharide
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are combinations of amino acids and
Respuesta
-
Carbohydrates
-
Lipids
-
Nucleic acids
-
Fatty acids
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
A(n) ______ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) _____ releases hydrogen ions.
Respuesta
-
Base; acid
-
Compound; elements
-
Molecule; acid
-
Acid; base
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
A polysaccharide that formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is
Respuesta
-
Glucose
-
Glycogen
-
A glyceride
-
Fructose
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis,
Respuesta
-
A disaccharide is formed
-
A polysaccharide is formed
-
Two new monosaccharides are formed
-
Hydrolysis occurs
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
Respuesta
-
Electrons
-
Nucleus
-
Proton
-
Neutron
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
The atomic number represents the number of
Respuesta
-
Protons in an atom
-
Neutrons in an atom
-
Electrons in an atom
-
Protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
The formation of a cation and an anion is indicative of
Respuesta
-
An ionic bond
-
A nonpolar bond
-
A polar bond
-
A covalent bond
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
What type of reaction is A + B + energy —> AB?
Respuesta
-
Catabolic reaction
-
Equilibrium reaction
-
Endergonic reaction
-
Exergonic reaction
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
Which of the following increases the rate of a reaction?
Respuesta
-
Solid reactants
-
Cold temperatures
-
Absence of a catalyst
-
Increased reactant concentration
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
Which statement best describes enzyme function?
Respuesta
-
Enzymes can perform catabolic reactions only.
-
Enzymes speed chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
-
Enzymes chemically alter both the reactants and products.
-
One enzyme can work on thousands of different substrates.
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
On the pH scale, which number has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions?
Respuesta
-
pH 1
-
pH 5
-
pH 7
-
pH 10
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
Which two organ systems work to maintain pH balance in the body?
Respuesta
-
Endocrine and nervous
-
Respiratory and urinary
-
Urinary and endocrine
-
Digestive and respiratory
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
Salts are held together by ______.
Respuesta
-
Single covalent bonds
-
Polar covalent bonds
-
Nonpolar covalent bonds
-
Ionic bonds
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
The monomer of the carbohydrates is ________.
Respuesta
-
Nucleotide
-
Monosaccharide
-
Fatty acid
-
Amino acid
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
A fatty acid that contains two or more double covalent bonds is ______.
Respuesta
-
Saturated
-
Monounsaturated
-
Hydrogenated
-
Polyunsaturated
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
Amino acids are the monomers for ________.
Respuesta
-
Carbohydrates
-
Nucleic acids
-
Lipids
-
Proteins
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
Which of the following is the same among isotopes of the same element?
Respuesta
-
Mass number
-
Number of neutrons
-
Atomic number
-
Both the number of neutrons and the mass number
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
In the following chemical reaction, what is NaCI?
NaOH + HCI —> NaCI + H20
Respuesta
-
Water
-
Acid
-
Product
-
Reactant
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
Determine the number of protons in an isotope of nitrogen with an atomic number of 7 and a molecular number of 14.
Respuesta
-
7
-
10
-
14
-
17
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Cytosol is also known as _____.
Respuesta
-
Blood plasma
-
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
-
The cytoskeleton
-
Intercellular fluid (ICF)
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
Respuesta
-
Oxygen transport
-
Promote fluidity of the membrane
-
Form a lipid bilayer
-
Molecular transport through the membrane
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
Carbon dioxide is a small molecule that moves through the phospholipid bilayer with its concentration gradient by ______.
Respuesta
-
Primary active transport
-
Osmosis
-
Simple diffusion
-
Facilitated diffusion
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Active transport processes _____.
Respuesta
-
Move solutes from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
-
Require cells to expend energy (ATP)
-
Move solutes through the phospholipid bilayer without the use of integral proteins
-
Move solutes with or along their concentration gradients
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Two types of active transport via vesicles are ______.
Respuesta
-
Endocytosis and exocytosis
-
Primary active transport and secondary active transport
-
Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
-
Diffusion and osmosis
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
What organelle degrades old, worn-out organelle and cell components?
Respuesta
-
Golgi apparatus
-
Peroxisome
-
Lysosome
-
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
Microtubules are composed of proteins subunits known as ______.
Respuesta
-
Myosin
-
Actin
-
Keratin
-
Tubulin
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
Cell division occurs during ______.
Respuesta
-
M phase
-
G1 phase
-
G2 phase
-
S phase
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
During which phase of the M phase of the cell cycle does the mitotic spindle form?
Respuesta
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
-
Metaphase
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
During which phase of mitosis are sister chromatids separated when the mitotic spindle fibers shorten?
Respuesta
-
Metaphase
-
Prophase
-
Telophase
-
Anaphase
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
Programmed cell death is called ______.
Respuesta
-
Metastasis
-
Hydrolysis
-
Apoptosis
-
Neoplasia
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
A cell is placed into a 3% dextrose solution. At that concentration, the solution is isotonic to the cell. If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in _______.
Respuesta
-
A hypotonic solution
-
An isotonic solution
-
A less concentrated solution
-
A hypertonic solution
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
If a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have?
Respuesta
-
9
-
18
-
36
-
72
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
Sodium ions are moving with their concentration gradient with the use of a protein channel across a plasma membrane. Determine the type of membrane transport used to transport these sodium ions.
Respuesta
-
Primary active transport
-
Facilitated diffusion
-
Osmosis
-
Simple diffusion
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
The main components of the skin are the _______.
Respuesta
-
Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
-
Dermis and hypodermis
-
Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and the subcutaneous layer
-
Epidermis and dermis
Pregunta 91
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
Respuesta
-
Thermoregulation
-
Vitamin A synthesis
-
Sensation
-
Protection
Pregunta 92
Pregunta
Which sensation is NOT detected by the skin?
Respuesta
-
Temperature
-
Light touch
-
Texture
-
Equilibrium
Pregunta 93
Pregunta
Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by prominent cytoplasmic granules in the cells?
Respuesta
-
Stratum corneum
-
Stratum Spinosum
-
Stratum granulosum
-
Stratum lucidum
Pregunta 94
Pregunta
Thin skin lacks stratum ______.
Respuesta
-
Corneum
-
Spinosum
-
Granulosum
-
Lucidum
Pregunta 95
Pregunta
Where are blood vessels housed that nourish the epidermis?
Respuesta
-
The reticular layer of the dermis
-
Dermal papillae
-
Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles
-
Stratum Basale of the epidermis
Pregunta 96
Pregunta
Which of the following cells is associated with the dermis?
Respuesta
-
Keratinocytes
-
Fibroblast
-
Dendritic (Langerhans) cell
-
Melanocytes
Pregunta 97
Pregunta
Which of the following is a yellow-orange skin pigment?
Respuesta
-
Cyanide
-
Hemoglobin
-
Carotene
-
Melanin
Pregunta 98
Pregunta
What stand hairs on end, causing piloerection?
Respuesta
-
Arrector pili muscles
-
Epidermal ridges
-
Dermal papillae
-
Epithelial root sheath
Pregunta 99
Pregunta
The cuticle around a nail is the _____.
Respuesta
-
Perinychium
-
Eponychium
-
Lunula
-
Hyponychium
Pregunta 100
Pregunta
Eccrine glands produce ______.
Respuesta
-
Sebum
-
Hormones
-
Cerumen
-
Sweat containing mostly water
Pregunta 101
Pregunta
Mammary glands are specialized _______.
Respuesta
-
Sweat glands
-
Sebaceous glands
-
Ceruminous glands
-
Holocene glands
Pregunta 102
Pregunta
Skin without keratin would be more likely to _____.
Respuesta
-
Be unable to thermoregulate
-
Lose the sensation of touch
-
Burn upon exposure to the sun
-
Tear upon being mechanically stressed.
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