Social Psychology

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Social Psychology - exam practice questions
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Although related to other fields, social psychology is distinct in that its emphasis is on
Respuesta
  • understanding the immediate situational factors that influence human behaviour
  • classifying and treating psychological disorders.
  • identifying individual characteristics that are relatively stable across time
  • describing the relationship between human behaviour across the lifespan

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
According to the definition of social psychology presented in lecture, social psychology is the study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by __________.
Respuesta
  • live social interactions with other humans
  • the presence of real or imagined others
  • other living things
  • perceptions of the social world

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
____________ refers to the fear that one will confirm the stereotypes that others have regarding one’s own group.
Respuesta
  • self-fulfilling prejudice
  • scapegoating
  • prejudice aversion
  • stereotype threat

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Recall that Festinger and Carlsmith gave participants either $1 or $20 for telling others that an experiment was fun and interesting. The experiment entailed turning pegs on a pegboard one quarter turn at a time. Thus, in actuality, the experiment was tedious and boring. Study results showed that
Respuesta
  • neither $1 nor $20 could induce participants to tell other people that the experiment was interesting.
  • after telling people that the experiment was interesting, participants in the $1 condition tended to express a more favourable attitude toward the experiment.
  • participants in the $20 condition reported stronger feelings of guilt over having told people that the experiment was interesting.
  • participants in the $1 condition were less likely to following the experimenter’s instructions

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Them'—a group that people perceive as being distinctively different or apart from their own group—is what social psychologists call a(n)
Respuesta
  • ingroup
  • outgroup
  • scapegoat
  • bias group

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
“Live fast and die young, that’s what I always say,” Rosie pronounces, as she stuffs down three more Ding-Dong snack cakes and opens another pint of high-fat ice cream. Rosie knows that her diet is unhealthy and harmful, of course. To reduce her dissonance, Rosie is
Respuesta
  • changing her behaviour to bring it in live with her cognitions
  • changing a problem cognition to make it more consonant with her behaviour
  • adding a cognition that is consonant with her problem behaviour
  • engaging in affirmation to combat cognitive dissonance.

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Victor goes to a fancy French restaurant. There are utensils on the table that he’s never even seen before, and more spoons and forks than he’s ever seen on one table. Eager to dine in an appropriate and sophisticated way, Victor secretly watches other diners to see what they do. This is an example of
Respuesta
  • normative social influence
  • situational interdependence
  • informational social influence
  • normative conformity

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
In a series of experiments, why did Solomon Asch (1951, 1956) ask participants to judge the lengths of lines which were clearly different from one another? Asch
Respuesta
  • wanted to study conformity in ambiguous situations.
  • believed that people would conform in their judgments.
  • wanted to study conformity in unambiguous situations.
  • believed that Muzafer Sherif’s experiments were fatally flawed

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
The main difference between Sherif’s conformity study and Asch’s conformity study is that Asch’s study
Respuesta
  • examined situations where one’s own beliefs clearly conflict with those of the group
  • demonstrated the powerful effects of social influence.
  • showed higher rates of conformity.
  • measured participants’ judgments of visual stimuli.

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Milgram found that about ________percent of his participants went all the way to 450 volts in his original experiment.
Respuesta
  • 25
  • 45
  • 65
  • 85

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
When our behaviour is a result of our boss telling us to do something, it is a form of
Respuesta
  • obedience
  • acceptance
  • conformity
  • compliance

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
The experimenter in Milgram's study used all except which of the following verbal prods to encourage participants to continue?
Respuesta
  • It is absolutely essential that you continue.'
  • 'You will be penalised if you refuse to go on.'
  • You have no other choice, you must go on.
  • The experiment requires that you continue.

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Although he made a promise to himself to not take illegal drugs, Tom gave into peer pressure at a party to smoke marijuana because he did not want to be rejected by the others. Tom's conformity is a result of
Respuesta
  • compliance
  • acceptance
  • normative influence
  • informational influence

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
a social role is:
Respuesta
  • a cluster of norms
  • separate from culture
  • a weak influence on conformity
  • a role that feels awkward

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Which of the following is not one of the steps in Darley and Latané's decision tree?
Respuesta
  • noticing the incident
  • interpreting the incident as an emergency
  • weighing the costs and benefits of helping
  • assuming responsibility for intervening

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation, Darley and Batson (1973) studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behaviour was influenced by
Respuesta
  • religious education
  • age differences
  • social responsibility
  • time pressures

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
One factor that will increase the likelihood that a friendship between two people will develop is
Respuesta
  • the degree to which their interests complement each other
  • how often their paths cross
  • avoiding repetitious exposure
  • gender

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
The effect of _______ on _______ was vividly demonstrated in Zimbardo's (1971) classic study of a simulated prison.
Respuesta
  • attitudes; behaviours
  • roles; attitudes
  • roles; behaviours
  • attitudes; roles

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
When participants in Milgram's experiments wanted to quit, they were given
Respuesta
  • shocks to keep them going
  • money as an incentive to keep going
  • up to four verbal prods to keep them going
  • a reward for being one of the few to disobey

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
Latané and Darley attempted to explain people's failure to intervene in cases like that of Kitty Genovese, a woman who was violently attacked, in terms of
Respuesta
  • situational influences
  • personality traits
  • mood factors
  • selfish genes

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
The tendency for opposites to mate or marry
Respuesta
  • has only been documented amoung teenage couples
  • has increased in around the world since 1960
  • is just as powerful as the similarity-attraction connection
  • has never been reliably demonstrated.

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
Social isolation has been shown to affect all of the following outcomes, except
Respuesta
  • alcohol abuse
  • blood pressure
  • stroke
  • depression

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
According to what was covered in lecture, experiencing social exclusion tends to lead to all of the following except
Respuesta
  • aggression
  • self-harm
  • emotional numbness
  • loss of meaning

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Research on stereotype threat indicates that
Respuesta
  • only a handful of minority groups experience such threats.
  • such threats can affect performance in a range of contexts.
  • stereotypes are just as likely to lift the maths scores of women as they are to threaten them
  • it is an exclusively American phenomenon

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Which of the following is an example of social isolation, as defined in psychology.
Respuesta
  • A retired man lives alone and prefers keeping to himself.
  • (b) A person goes trekking alone on a mountain and is inspired by the beautiful mountains
  • a yr 12 student with a number of friends on Facebook often feels lonely
  • a Uni student going through a messy break up calls friends and cries over it

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Bonnie dislikes lawyers. This is an example of
Respuesta
  • prejudice
  • discrimination
  • social categorisation
  • a stereotype
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