4042534
Descripción
Test por marissaellenking, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por marissaellenking
hace alrededor de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Cool season grasses
-
Warm season grasses
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Cool season annual grasses
-
Cool season perennial grasses
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Tifton 85
-
Bermuda-grass
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Brown rib millet
-
Pearl millet
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Legumes
-
Grasses
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Leaves
-
Stems
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Stems in the upper canopy of the plant
-
Stems in the lower canopy of the plant
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Young green leaves
-
Dead leaves
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in spring
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in mid-summer
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in mid-summer
-
Warm and cool season perennial species in fall
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which is more digestible?
Respuesta
-
Alfalfa in cool weather
-
Alfalfa in summer weather
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The [blank_start]hotter[blank_end] the temperature the [blank_start]faster[blank_end] the plant goes through [blank_start]lignification[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
hotter
-
faster
-
lignification
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
[blank_start]Sodseeding[blank_end] is the general term used to describe the practice of establishing forage crops into perennial, grass dominant, hay and/or pasture. Usually accomplished with a no-till grain drill or broadcasting seed.
Respuesta
-
Sodseeding
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
What are ways that sod-seeding is usually done?
Respuesta
-
No-till grain drill
-
Broadcasting seed
-
Tiller
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The establishment of legumes such as clover or alfalfa into tall fescue is usually practiced where?
Respuesta
-
Upper south
-
Lower south
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Cool season annual grasses (ryegrass, rye, oats, wheat) and/or leagues (clover) planted into dormant perennial warm season grass sods (bahiagrass, bermudagrass) if primarily done where?
Respuesta
-
Upper south
-
Lower south
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
What are some benefits of multiple species pastures/hayfields?
Respuesta
-
Higher forage yield per pasture/field
-
Improved forage quality
-
Nitrogen fiaxtion
-
Longer growing season in pasture/field
-
Lower forage yield per pasture/field
-
Average forage quality
-
Nitrogen leaching
-
Shorter growing season
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
[blank_start]Legumes[blank_end] typically have higher protein and are more digestible.
Respuesta
-
Legumes
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What are the benefits to sod-seeding?
Respuesta
-
Soil conservation
-
Time
-
Fuel
-
Moisture
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What are the sod-seeding principles?
Respuesta
-
Fertility
-
Reduce existing vegetation
-
Use high quality seed
-
Inoculate legumes with correct bacterial strain
-
Plant at correct time with correct seeding rate
-
Insure soil contact
-
Control competition from existing vegetation
-
Control pests
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
[blank_start]Grazing[blank_end] and [blank_start]mowing[blank_end] are ways to control competition from existing vegetation.
Respuesta
-
Grazing
-
mowing
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
[blank_start]Forage quality[blank_end] refers to the ability of a forage to support desired levels of animal performance.
Respuesta
-
Forage quality
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Forage quality is a function of [blank_start]voluntary intake[blank_end] and [blank_start]nutritive value[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
voluntary intake
-
nutritive value
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Palatability refers to the [blank_start]appeal[blank_end] and [blank_start]acceptability[blank_end] of feedstuffs to an animal.
Respuesta
-
appeal
-
acceptability
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Crude protein represents the total [blank_start]nitrogen[blank_end] content in the diet ([blank_start]true protein[blank_end] as well as [blank_start]non-protein nitrogen[blank_end]).
Respuesta
-
nitrogen
-
true protein
-
non-protein nitrogen
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
[blank_start]N[blank_end] X 6.25 = CP
Respuesta
-
N
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
[blank_start]Digestible energy[blank_end] provides an indication of the total amount of energy from a feed that can be available fore use by the animal.
Respuesta
-
Digestible energy
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Non starch carbohydrates are simple carbs such as [blank_start]starches[blank_end] and [blank_start]sugars[blank_end] that can be [blank_start]rapidly[blank_end] and [blank_start]easily[blank_end] digested by the animal.
Respuesta
-
starches
-
sugars
-
rapidly
-
easily
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
[blank_start]Cellulose[blank_end] are major structural carbs present in plant cell walls.
Respuesta
-
Cellulose
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Cellulose is [blank_start]utilized[blank_end] by rumen microbes.
Respuesta
-
utilized
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Hemi-cellulose is more digestible than [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end] but less [blank_start]digestible[blank_end] than starches and sugars.
Respuesta
-
cellulose
-
digestible
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
[blank_start]Lignin[blank_end] is a major structural component found in plant cell walls and is [blank_start]undigestible[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
Lignin
-
undigestible
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
As [blank_start]lignin[blank_end] in the plant increases, [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end] digestion decreases.
Respuesta
-
lignin
-
cellulose
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Total digestible nutrients (TDN) is the measure of [blank_start]energy[blank_end] value in a feed.
Respuesta
-
energy
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) is a close estimate of the amount of total [blank_start]fiber[blank_end] in a feedstuff.
Respuesta
-
fiber
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
NDF is generally composed of [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end], [blank_start]hemicellulose[blank_end], and [blank_start]lignin[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
cellulose
-
hemicellulose
-
lignin
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Acid detergent fiber (ADF) is the least [blank_start]digestible fiber[blank_end] portion of a forage.
Respuesta
-
digestible fiber
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
ADF includes [blank_start]lignin[blank_end] and [blank_start]cellulose[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
lignin
-
cellulose
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
TDN = [blank_start]total digestible nutrients[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
total digestible nutrients
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
NDF = [blank_start]neutral detergent fiber[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
neutral detergent fiber
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
ADF = [blank_start]acid detergent fiber[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
acid detergent fiber
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
[blank_start]Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy[blank_end] (NIRS) rapidly and reproductively measures the chemical composition of a feed sample.
Respuesta
-
Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
[blank_start]NIRS[blank_end] is based on the fact that each of the major chemical components of a sample has a characteristic near infrared light absorption.
Respuesta
-
NIRS
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
[blank_start]NIRS[blank_end] = near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
Respuesta
-
NIRS
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Relative feed value is used to compare the potential of two or more like forages on the basis of [blank_start]energy intake[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
energy intake
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
RFV = [blank_start]relative feed value[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
relative feed value
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
RFV of 100 is equivalent to...
Respuesta
-
Full bloom alfalfa
-
Half bloom alfalfa
-
Full bloom crimson clover
-
Full bloom white clover
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
What is RFV based on?
Respuesta
-
NDF
-
ADF
-
NIRS
-
TDN
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
What is NDF an indicator of?
Respuesta
-
Forage intake
-
Digestibility
-
Feed value
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
What is ADF an indicator of?
Respuesta
-
Forage intake
-
Digestibility
-
Feed value
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
RFQ of 100 is equal to?
Respuesta
-
Full bloom alfalfa
-
Full bloom white clover
-
Full bloom millet
-
Full bloom red clover
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
RFQ takes into account what?
Respuesta
-
DMI
-
TDN
-
RVF
-
ADF
-
NDF
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
DMI = [blank_start]dry matter intake[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
dry matter intake
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
RFQ = [blank_start]relative forage quality[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
relative forage quality
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
If the RFQ is higher it is also what?
Respuesta
-
More nutritious
-
More valuable
-
Less valuable
-
Less nutritious
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
What factors affect forage quality?
Respuesta
-
Plant species
-
Plant parts
-
Climate
-
Stage of maturity
-
Fertilization
-
Diurnal Fluctuations
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Certain species of plants posses certain compounds that interfere with [blank_start]digestibility[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
digestibility
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
Drought stress may [blank_start]improve[blank_end] digestibility.
Respuesta
-
improve
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
Stage of maturity has greater effect on [blank_start]nutritive[blank_end] value than any other factor.
Respuesta
-
nutritive
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
[blank_start]Lignification[blank_end] of cell wall occurs with maturity. the more mature the more lignin if found in the cell wall.
Respuesta
-
Lignification
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
With maturity: [blank_start]yield[blank_end] increases but [blank_start]quality[blank_end] decreases
Respuesta
-
yield
-
quality
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
White clover is digestible for longer because of what?
Respuesta
-
Lack of true stems
-
Prominent true stems
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Which is more digestible for longer?
Respuesta
-
Arrow-leaf clover
-
Crimson clover
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
Nitrogen generally has little effect on what?
Respuesta
-
Digestibility
-
Quality
-
RFV
-
ADF
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
[blank_start]Diurnal fluctuations[blank_end] is where soluble carbohydrates build up in the plant during [blank_start]daylight[blank_end]. Plants use those soluble carbohydrates over night.
Respuesta
-
Diurnal fluctuations
-
daylight
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
1/2 inch of rain decreases TDN by what?
Respuesta
-
3.5%
-
5.5%
-
20.2%
-
10.8%
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
1 inch of rain will decrease TDN by what?
Respuesta
-
5%
-
10%
-
14%
-
3.5%
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
If hay is left uncut each day after 4 weeks TDN will drop [blank_start]0.5%[blank_end] per day.
Respuesta
-
0.5%
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
How should hay be orientated for all day sun exposure?
Respuesta
-
North to South
-
East to West
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Soil compaction is a reduction in pore space therefore, it also...
Respuesta
-
Decreases soil volume
-
Decreases porosity
-
Increases bulk density
-
increases soil volume
-
Increases porosity
-
Decreases bulk density
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
[blank_start]Surface[blank_end] compaction = compaction that occurs in the surface "plow layer"
Respuesta
-
Surface
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
[blank_start]Subsurface[blank_end]/[blank_start]subsoil[blank_end] compaction = compaction that occurs below the plow layer
Respuesta
-
Subsurface
-
subsoil
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
What is the equation for bulk density?
Respuesta
-
Bulk density = Ms/Vt
-
Bulk density = Vt/Ms
-
Bulk density = Vv/Vt
-
Bulk density = Vt/Vv
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
What is the equation for porosity?
Respuesta
-
Porosity = Vv/Vt
-
Porosity = Vt/Vv
-
Porosity = Ms/Vt
-
Porosity = Vt/Ms
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
Reduction in pore space and reduction in yield are effects of [blank_start]compaction[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
compaction
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Reduction in pore space is an effect of compaction. This effect can also result in water issues. Check all that apply to water issues.
Respuesta
-
Low infiltration
-
Poor drainage
-
Poor water holding capacity
-
Erosion
-
Runoff
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Reduction in pore space is an effect of compaction. This effect can also result in plant development issues. Check all that apply to plant development issues.
Respuesta
-
Increased resistance to root penetration
-
Emergence issues
-
Reduction in nutiient uptake
-
Poor drainage
-
Runoff
-
Erosion
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
What are the 3 main causes of compaction?
Respuesta
-
Equipment traffic
-
Livestock traffic
-
Tillage operations
-
Human traffic
-
Naturally occurring compaction
-
Wind erosion
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Total axle load, contact pressure between the tire and soil, and soil moisture affects what type of compaction?
Respuesta
-
Surface compaction
-
Subsoil compaction
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Greater axle load and wet soil conditions [blank_start]increases[blank_end] depth of compaction
Respuesta
-
increases
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Check all that apply to livestock traffic.
Respuesta
-
Repeated pressure in heavy traffic areas
-
Stocking rates
-
Rotation
-
Shallow compaction
-
Deep compaction
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
Continuous plowing or disking at the same depth causes [blank_start]hardpans[blank_end] just below the depth of tillage.
Respuesta
-
hardpans
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
To manage compaction with equipment traffic what should be done to decrease the depth of soil compaction?
Respuesta
-
Increase number of tires
-
Decrease number of tires
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
Proper rotation of livestock can prevent soil compaction as well as reduce [blank_start]erosion[blank_end] in high traffic areas.
Respuesta
-
erosion
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
[blank_start]Tillage[blank_end] depth should vary from year-to-year to reduce chances of hardpan development.
Respuesta
-
Tillage
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
What is used to measure soil compaction?
Respuesta
-
Pentrometer
-
Yard stick
-
Scale
-
Ruler
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
Penetrometers are supposed to mimic [blank_start]plant roots[blank_end].
Respuesta
-
plant roots
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
A dynamic penetrometer does what?
Respuesta
-
Moves
-
Stays stationary
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
A static penetrometer does what?
Respuesta
-
Stays stationary
-
Moves
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
What does a penetrometer use to measure soil compaction?
Respuesta
-
The resistance to root penetration
-
The depth you can physically go into the soil
-
The moisture content of the soil
-
The amount of sand, soil, or clay in the soil
Pregunta 91
Pregunta
The depth at which penetrations falls below [blank_start]300[blank_end] psi is recorded by the penetrometer.
Respuesta
-
300
Pregunta 92
Pregunta
What is a "lot" of hay defined as?
Respuesta
-
A single cutting, a single field and variety, and generally less then 200 tons
-
A random pull from different fields less than 200 tons
-
A square bale of hay
-
A round bale of hay
Pregunta 93
Pregunta
How many cores should be pulled from each lot?
Respuesta
-
20
-
40
-
10
-
5
Pregunta 94
Pregunta
How much hay should be submitted for analysis?
Respuesta
-
1/2 lb.
-
1 lb.
-
3 lbs.
-
1.5 lbs.
Pregunta 95
Pregunta
What length of probe should be used to collect samples?
Respuesta
-
12''- 24''
-
24''- 36''
-
10''- 20''
-
25''- 48''
Pregunta 96
Pregunta
What diameter of probe should be used to collect the cores?
Respuesta
-
3/8 - 3/4 "
-
1/2 - 3''
-
1/4 - 1''
-
2 - 3''
Pregunta 97
Pregunta
What are the reasons for having forage sampled?
Respuesta
-
Determine forage quality
-
Identify imbalances, deficiencies, and toxicities in the forage
-
Tell the producer if their soil management technique is working
-
Establish forage value $$$
Pregunta 98
Pregunta
The most limiting factor in the forage is the amount of what that the animal consumes?
Respuesta
-
The amount of digestible energy
-
The amount of protein
-
The amount of minerals
-
The amount of vitamins
-
The amount of water
Pregunta 99
Pregunta
A high quality forage is one that contains large concentrations of what?
Respuesta
-
Digestible nutrients
-
Protein
-
Minerals
-
Vitamins
Pregunta 100
Pregunta
What is the southeastern categorization RFQ value for Choice hay?
Respuesta
-
140-160 RFQ
-
90-110 RFQ
-
110-140 RFQ
-
160-180 RFQ
Pregunta 101
Pregunta
What is the southeastern categorization RFQ for standard hay?
Respuesta
-
90-110 RFQ
-
140-160 RFQ
-
120-140 RFQ
-
70-90 RFQ
Pregunta 102
Pregunta
In the southeastern hay contest held annually in conjunction with the Sunbelt Ag Expo, samples can be thrown out due to too high levels of what two items?
Respuesta
-
Moisture and nitrate
-
Nitrate and potassium
-
Moisture and potassium
-
Potassium and phosphorus
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