4157895
Descripción
Test por campbellpa2017, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por campbellpa2017
hace casi 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which of the following is/are true regarding antitussive medications?
(select all that apply)
Respuesta
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Used to suppress coughing
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May be used long-term
-
Better for dry (non-productive) cough
-
Not very effective at current OTC doses
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Contraindicated in children < 6 years old
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Why would antitussives be contraindicated?
Respuesta
-
They cause gastrointestinal symptoms if used over 7 days.
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Coughing is a defense mechanism which we don't want to suppress.
-
Patient has a productive cough.
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Patient is < 2 years old
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All of the above
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All but A
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What is the mechanism of action of Codeine and what is it's brand name?
Respuesta
-
Inhibits cough through direct effect on brainstem cough center. Also might inhibit peripheral afferent neurons that initiate coughing.
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Competes for H1 receptor sites on respiratory tract to reduce secretion and stop coughing
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Robitussin AC
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Robitussin DM
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Delsym
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What is the mechanism of Dextromethorphan and what is/are it's brand names?
Respuesta
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Soothing to the airway through vaporization.
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Inhibits cough reflex by a similar mechanism to Codeine (inhibits cough through direct effect on brainstem cough center) but is a non-narcotic.
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Inhibits cough reflex by a similar mechanism to Codeine (inhibits cough through direct effect on brainstem cough center) but is a narcotic and provides stronger action.
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Robitussin AC
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Robitussin DM
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Vicks Vaposteam
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Delsym
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which two medications are sold as Vicks?
Respuesta
-
Delsym
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Menthol
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Carnauba
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Camphor
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Lanolin
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What are some common adverse effects of Codeine?
Respuesta
-
Fatigue
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Abdominal pain
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Drowsiness
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Dizziness
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Ataxia
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What are some common side effects of Dextromethorphan?
Respuesta
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Confusion
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Ataxia
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Irritability
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Nervousness
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Excitement
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
What is the primary side effect of Benadryl?
Respuesta
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Shortness of Breath
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Ataxia
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Vomiting
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Insomnia
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Drowsiness
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which drug do the young whippersnappers Robo Trip with?
Respuesta
-
Robitussin AC
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Robaxin
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Diphenhydramine
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Dextromethorphan
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Tylenol
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What are some therapeutic benefits of Expectorants?
Respuesta
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Compete for H1 receptor sites on respiratory tract to reduce secretion and stop coughing.
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Facilitate production and ejection of mucus.
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May increase pulmonary function
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Prevents respiratory passages from being clogged by thick, viscous secretions.
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Reduce secretions from upper airway so as to prevent drainage into the lower respiratory tract.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of the following are Adverse Effects of Decongestants?
Respuesta
-
Headache
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Dizziness
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Hypertension
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Palpitations
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Seizures
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Nausea
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Nervousness
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which of the following are characteristics of decongestants.
Respuesta
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Binds to receptors located on blood vessels of nasal mucosa and stimulate vasoconstriction and resulting in drying up of mucosal vasculature and decreased local congestion
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Usually beta-2 adrenergic agonists.
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Usually beta-1 adrenergic agonists.
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Usually alpha-1 adrenergic agonists.
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Almost exclusively systemic medications.
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May be systemic or local medications.
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Almost exclusively local medications
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Can cause CNS depression, avoid excessive use
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Can cause CNS excitation, avoid excessive use
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Which oral decongestant rocks and which one sucks?
Respuesta
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Phenylephrine
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Pseudoephedrine
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
When is the best time to take an oral decongestant?
Respuesta
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In the morning to reduce the negative consequences of CNS excitation.
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In the evening to reduce the negative consequences of CNS depression.
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Any time of day as CNS effects are not often seen in decongestants.
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In the evening to help congested patients sleep.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
What is the chief concern with Afrin administration and what is its generic name?
Respuesta
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Nasal polyps
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Rebound congestion
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Epistaxis
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Oxymetazoline
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Xylometazoline
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Phenylephrine
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Choose the correct statements regarding Phenylephrine and Pseudoephedrine. (if you get something incorrect, try flipping the statements)
Respuesta
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Phenylephrine is more bioavailable (90%) than Pseudoephedrine (38%)
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Phenylephrine: a1 adrenergic, weak B adrenergic Pseudoephedrine: a1 and B adrenergic
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Phenylephrine has CNS effects, Pseudoephedrine does not.
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Pseudoephedrine has more efficacy data than Phenylephrine.
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Patients with heart conditions, asthma, and COPD need to be more cautious with Pseudoephedrine and less so with Phenylephrine
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of these is NOT a condition in which we should be cautious when prescribing oral decongestants?
Respuesta
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Hypertension
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Hyperthyroidism
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Diabetes
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Coronary heart disease
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Diverticulitis
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Elevated intraocular pressure
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Prostatic hypertrophy
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MAOIs
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which Histamine mediates allergic response and is therefore what our antihistamine drugs target?
Respuesta
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H1
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H2
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H3
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H4
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Arrange these antihistamine medications in terms of their ability to cross the blood brain barrier, from most crossing to least.
Respuesta
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Diphenhydramine, Loratidine, Fexofenadine, Cetirizine
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Diphenhydramine, Fexofenadine, Loratidine, Cetirizine
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Diphenhydramine, Cetirizine, Loratidine, Fexofenadine
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Fexofenadine, Diphenhydramine, Cetirizine, Loratidine
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Loratidine, Cetirizine, Fexofenadine, Diphenhydramine
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following medications are First Generation Antihistamines?
Respuesta
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Brompheniramine (Dimetapp)
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Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
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Clemastine (Tavist)
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Hydroxyzine (Atarax)
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Levocetirizine (Xyzal)
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Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
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Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
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Desloratidine (Clarinex)
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following are Second Generation Antihistamines?
Respuesta
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Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
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Desloratidine (Clarinex)
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Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
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Fexofenadine (Allegra)
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Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
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Levocetirizine (Xyzal)
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Loratidine (Claritin)
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
While antihistamines are generally used more for allergic rhinitis and congestion, one medication has some efficacy in treating cold related rhinorrhea. Which is it?
Respuesta
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Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
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Fexofenadine (Allegra)
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Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
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Loratidine (Claritin)
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What are some precautions and warnings to consider when prescribing antihistamines to patients?
Respuesta
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Emphysema
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Chronic Bronchitis
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Narrow Angle Glaucoma
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Cardiovascular disease
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Enlarged Prostate Gland
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Increased risk of CVA
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Decrease in milk supply in nursing mothers.
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What are some special considerations to make in elderly and children before prescribing Antihistamines?
Respuesta
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Elderly patients having a paradoxical hyperactivity.
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Children having a paradoxical hyperactivity.
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Long half life in elderly, causing extended effect and increased fall risk.
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Long half life in children, causing poor performance in school and social dysfunction.
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
When a combination product advertises itself as a Nighttime/PM medication, what is likely in the combination?
Respuesta
-
Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
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Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
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Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
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Dextromethorphan
-
Antihistamine
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
When a combination product advertises itself as a Nondrowsy/AM/Daytime medication, what is likely in the combination?
Respuesta
-
Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
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Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
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Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
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Dextromethorphan
-
Antihistamine
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
When a combination product advertises itself as a Sinus medication, what is likely in the combination?
Respuesta
-
Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
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Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
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Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
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Dextromethorphan
-
Antihistamine
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
When a combination product advertises itself as a Cough medication, what is likely in the combination?
Respuesta
-
Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
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Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
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Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
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Dextromethorphan
-
Antihistamine
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
When a combination product advertises itself as an Allergy medication, what is likely in the combination?
Respuesta
-
Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine, or Doxylamine
-
Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) but no antihistamine
-
Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine (decongestant) and/or an analgesic
-
Dextromethorphan
-
Antihistamine
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