4222113
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
__________ brace and anchor neurons to capillaries
Respuesta
-
microglia
-
astrocytes
-
ependymal
-
schwann
-
satellite
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Choose the correct phrase
Respuesta
-
nerves are found in the PNS
-
tracts are almost entirely in the PNS
-
cranial nerves are found within the brain
-
gray matter is only in the cerebral cortex
-
white matter is only found in the brain
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Choose the correct phrase about sensory neurons
Respuesta
-
the action potential of the central process flows toward the cell body
-
the peripheral process is closest to the CNS
-
the receptive endings are found on the peripheral process
-
most sensory neurons are bipolar
-
the cell body is wrapped by Schwann cells
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Scenario: a neuron is being measured at -20mV and the voltage is increasing. Which is true?
Respuesta
-
potassium gates must be closed
-
it now requires a larger than normal graded potential to cause an action potential
-
a state of hyperpolarization exists
-
the cell would fire an action potential less easily
-
opening the potassium gates would depolarize the cell
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which is an all-or-none events?
Respuesta
-
receptor potentials
-
excitatory postsynaptic potentials
-
inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
-
action potentials
-
all but one of these is graded
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which is true?
Respuesta
-
sodium gates open at +30 mV
-
potassium gates close at +30 mV
-
100 mV is required to open axonal calcium gates
-
opening sodium gates hyperpolarizes a neuron
-
potassium gates close to hyperpolarize a neuron
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of the following is a positive feedback process?
Respuesta
-
receptor potential
-
EPSP
-
IPSP
-
action potential
-
all of these are positive feedback
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Choose the correct phrase
Respuesta
-
the conduction velocity of axons is 100 meters per second
-
unmyelinated axons are faster because the myelin is obstructive
-
the action potential is smaller in shorter axons
-
absolute refractory occurs after relative refractory
-
saltatory conduction occurs in unmyelinated axons
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
What would happen if we blocked presynaptic calcium gates from opening?
Respuesta
-
presynaptic action potentials would never occur
-
presynaptic chemically sensitive gates would never open
-
postsynaptic potentials would not occur
-
the postsynaptic axon hillock would experience 5 mV stimulus
-
AChEase would not be able to keep up with the excess ACh
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Choose the correct phrase about REM
Respuesta
-
also called slow wave sleep
-
occurs after slow wave sleep has been achieved
-
most nightmares occur during this phase of sleep
-
oxygen consumption is slightly less than in NREM
-
occurs between stages 2 and 3 of NREM
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Parkinsonism is the result of a problem in the
Respuesta
-
medulla
-
cerebellum
-
diencephalon
-
midbrain
-
spinal cord
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Important control centers for cardiac, respiration and blood pressure function are located in the
Respuesta
-
medulla oblongata
-
thalamus
-
pons
-
cerebellum
-
midbrain
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Where do we find the superior colliculi?
Respuesta
-
brain stem
-
medulla
-
pons
-
diencephalon
-
thalamus
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The limbic system is associated with
Respuesta
-
controlling heart rate
-
emotions
-
precise motor activity
-
maintaining consciousness
-
relaying sensory impulses to the sensory map
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which structure controls sleep/wake cycles?
Respuesta
-
epithalamus
-
brain stem
-
hypothalamus
-
pituitary gland
-
substantia nigra
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
The axonal connections between gyri of opposite hemispheres are called
Respuesta
-
commissural
-
interventricular
-
projection
-
association
-
ascending and descending
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Scenario: a person had a stroke affecting the left prefrontal cortex. As a result
Respuesta
-
sensations will not be felt on the left side of the body
-
sensations will not be felt on the right side of the body
-
problems moving left side effectors will occur
-
the person cannot hear from their right ear or see to their left
-
there may be problem with complex learning and intellect
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Which is true about Broca's area?
Respuesta
-
is the main motor relay center
-
controls the substantia nigra
-
relays auditory reflexes
-
is also called the language area
-
controls some neck muscles
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Choose the correct phrase
Respuesta
-
motor impulses are ascending
-
sensory impulses are efferent
-
association neurons typically possess central and peripheral processes
-
sensory cell bodies are located in the CNS
-
some motor cell bodies are located in CNS nuclei
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What happens to pressure in the ventricular system if the cerebral aqueduct is blocked?
Respuesta
-
pressure falls in the 3rd ventricle
-
pressure rises in the 4th ventricle
-
no change in pressure
-
pressure rises in the 3rd, but falls in the laterals
-
pressure rises in the laterals
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following is correct?
Respuesta
-
ACh is a neurotransmitter found only in the peripheral nervous system
-
ACh is only classified by structure or function, but not by both
-
biogenic amines are found in most PNS circuits
-
metabotropic neurotransmitters use intracellular second messengers
-
more than one of these is correct
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
A __________ is a cluster of cell bodies in the PNS
Respuesta
-
nerve
-
pyramidal cell
-
ganglion
-
nucleus
-
tract
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Which of the following is correct about a resting neuron?
Respuesta
-
the sodium/potassium pumps are always running
-
potassium constantly leaks into the cell
-
sodium is always leaking out of the cell
-
the calcium pump maintains resting ion levels
-
calcium is found in the SR
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
__________ waves are seen when concentrating
Respuesta
-
alpha
-
beta
-
theta
-
delta
-
gamma
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Which is a way the numerical value of the resting membrane potential can be expressed?
Respuesta
-
the inside of the fiber is 70mV
-
the outside of the fiber is -70mV
-
the inside of the fiber is 70mV more positive than the outside
-
the outside of the fiber is 70mV more positive than the inside
-
none of these conditions is correct
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Which one of the following is true about memory?
Respuesta
-
almost unlimited data can be stored in STM
-
Na+ channel blockers helps memory
-
LTM neurons have different mRNA
-
LTM is limited to 7-8 bits of information
-
slight parasympathetic dominance helps memory processes
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The membrane potential of a resting neuron is maintained by
Respuesta
-
Na+ gates
-
an active process
-
diffusion
-
passive forces
-
osmosis
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
A neurotransmitter that increases postsynaptic permeability to potassium results in
Respuesta
-
an EPSP
-
an IPSP
-
stabilization of sodium and potassium levels
-
a refractory period that lasts up to 2 seconds
-
breakdown of the all-or-none principle
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
During the absolute refractory period a second action potential can be produced
Respuesta
-
when the second stimulus is larger than the threshold
-
when the second stimulus is less than the 20mV
-
if multiple stimuli are given in a short duration
-
under no circumstances
-
if the cell is hyperpolarized
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Which best defines the concept: summation?
Respuesta
-
neurotransmitter combines with a receptor on a postsynaptic neuron
-
several IPSPs have just reached threshold level
-
the effect of graded potentials are added together
-
the presynaptic neuron summates all of its vesicles
-
adding the total number of neurons in a specific circuit
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
What eventually happens when action potentials reach the axon terminals of an EPSP neuron?
Respuesta
-
calcium gates will open in the terminals
-
summation will always result
-
an action potential occurs in the postsynaptic dendrite
-
a single IPSP will always result
-
calcium exocytosis will cause neurotransmitter release
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
__________are small oval shaped phagocytes
Respuesta
-
astrocytes
-
microglial
-
ependymal
-
satellite cells
-
oligodendrocytes
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following is most correct?
Respuesta
-
the magnitude or size of the action potential is +30 mV
-
all axons send graded potentials to their terminals
-
action potentials must reach the axon hillock in order to start an action potential
-
20 mV must reach the axon hillock in order to start an action potential
-
it takes 20 mV to cause an action potential in a hyperpolarized cell
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Select the correct statement
Respuesta
-
diverging circuits are amplifying circuits
-
converging circuits are common in sensory and motor pathways
-
parallel after discharge circuits are involved in problem solving skills
-
reverbrating circuits are circular pathways
-
all of these are true
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Select the correct statement
Respuesta
-
a single neuron can release all types of neurotransmitters
-
gray matter is considered to be a tract
-
unmyelinated neurons are insulated from one another
-
a receptor potential is exactly like an action potential
-
Schwann cells build the endoneurium
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which is true about presynaptic inhibition?
Respuesta
-
increases the graded potential delivered to the postsynaptic cell
-
will reduce the graded potential experienced by the postsynaptic cell
-
increases parasympathetic neurotransmitter release
-
affects the amount of AChEase released
-
works just like a generator potential
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which is the best way to repolarize a neuron?
Respuesta
-
open sodium gates
-
use a sodium/potassium pump
-
open potassium gates
-
open both sodium and potassium gates at the same time
-
open chemically sensitive potassium gates
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Select the correct statement
Respuesta
-
chemically sensitive gates are found in synapses
-
chemically sensitive sodium gates are found in axon membrane
-
due to diffusion, sodium wants to flow out of a normal neuron
-
chemically sensitive potassium gates are found in the axonal endings
-
calcium gates are mostly found in the postsynaptic dendrite
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
What happens if we reverse the wires on a meter that is measuring resting potential in a neuron?
Respuesta
-
the meter remains at -70 mV
-
the meter now reads +70 mV
-
the meter reads zero mV
-
the meter would jump to +30 mV
-
the meter indicates a hyperpolarized state
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which is true about graded potentials?
Respuesta
-
occur on axons and dendrites
-
are sometimes 100 mV in magnitude
-
they are considered all-or-none
-
their magnitude is typically -50 mV
-
could be 15 mV in magnitude
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Choose the correct phrase
Respuesta
-
motor impulses are considered ascending
-
association circuits are exclusively in the spinal cord
-
activating glands is an afferent function
-
somatic pathways activate cardiac muscle
-
autonomic impulses control smooth muscle
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Which cell is associated with multiple sclerosis?
Respuesta
-
ependymal cells
-
Schwann cells
-
satellite cells
-
astrocytes
-
oligodendrocytes
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Schwann cell membrane tightly wrapped around axons is called __________
Respuesta
-
neurilemma
-
node of Ranvier
-
myelin
-
endoneurium
-
perineurium
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Which is true?
Respuesta
-
the transverse fissure separates frontal from parietal lobes
-
the central sulcus separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum
-
we discussed only two fissures in the human brain
-
the lateral sulcus divides the cerebrum into two hemispheres
-
there are only two sulci
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Which is true?
Respuesta
-
the dominant hemisphere is considered language dominant
-
the left hemisphere is always dominate
-
a person that is right dominant is always ambidexterous
-
art and music appreciation are attributed to the dominant hemisphere
-
logic, math, reasoning skills are associated with the non-dominant hemisphere
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Scenario: a presynaptic neuron summates three 5 mV EPSPs. What happens?
Respuesta
-
a 105 mV potential will travel down it's axon
-
axon hillock will send 20 mV to the dendrites
-
100 mV will reach it's axonal endings
-
the postsynaptic cell will not receive neurotransmitter from it
-
postsynaptic dendrites will propagate an action potential
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Which connects the cerebellum to the brain stem?
Respuesta
-
cerebellar peduncles
-
superior colliculi
-
the pons
-
cerebral peduncles
-
medulla oblongata
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Which is true?
Respuesta
-
anterograde amnesia is the loss of past memories
-
absence seizures are the most severe form
-
eyes rapidly moving during NREM
-
"consciousness" is the best understood of all neurophysiology
-
tonic-clonic seizures were formerly called grand mal
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Which is the "sensory map" of the body?
Respuesta
-
Broca's area
-
primary somatosensory cortex
-
somatosensory association cortex
-
prefrontal cortex
-
the general interpretation area
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
What would happen to a cell if you destroyed it's Nissl bodies?
Respuesta
-
it's function would be improved
-
protein production would be affected
-
ion gate function would immediately cease
-
ATP level would increase
-
mitochondria would increase activity to make more protein
¿Quieres crear tus propios Tests gratis con GoConqr? Más información.