4226240
Descripción
Test por Avi Chudasama, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Avi Chudasama
hace más de 8 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
_____ are short term regulators of appetite, whereas ______ is a long-term regulator
Respuesta
-
Insulin and cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY)
-
Peptide YY (PYY) and insulin, cholecystokinin (CCK)
-
Peptide YY (PYY) and cholecystokinin (CCK)
-
Leptin and insulin; cholecystokinin (CCK)
-
leptin and insulin; peptide YY (PYY)
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
______ yield about 4 kcal/g when completely oxidized, whereas ______ yield about 9 kcal/g?
Respuesta
-
proteins and carbohydrates, fats
-
proteins, fats and carbohydrates
-
fats, carbohydrates and proteins
-
carbohydrates, fats and proteins
-
carbohydrates and fats, proteins
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Most carbohydrates in the body are found:
Respuesta
-
adipose tissue
-
muscular tissue
-
blood
-
liver
-
pancrease
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Carbohydrates function as structural components of other molecules including all of the following except:
Respuesta
-
glycolipids
-
glycoproteins
-
nucleic acids
-
amino acids
-
ATP
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Lipid functions include all of the following except:
Respuesta
-
plasma mebrane structure
-
forming myelin around nerve fibers
-
chemical structure of hormones
-
cushioning around soft organs
-
forming skeletal muscle fibers
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
_____ constitutes the so-called " bad cholesterol"?
Respuesta
-
triglycerides
-
chylomicrons
-
low-density lipoproteins
-
high-density lipoproteins
-
very-low density lipoproteins
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
HDL comes from:
Respuesta
-
liver
-
diet
-
pancreas
-
small intestine
-
GB
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Proteins are associated with all these functions except:
Respuesta
-
muscle contraction
-
transport of blood lipids
-
blood viscosity and osmolarity
-
enzymatic reactions
-
serving as cofactors for enzymes
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Most protein in the body is found in:
Respuesta
-
skeletal system
-
muscular system
-
cardiovascular
-
integumentary
-
lmyphatic
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which of the following would you expect to be in a state of negative nitrogen balance:
Respuesta
-
growing kids
-
preggers
-
weightlifters
-
patients with muscle atrophy
-
bodybuilders
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
High-quality ______ proteins are those that provide all the essential amino acids
Respuesta
-
globular
-
fibrous
-
net
-
incomplete
-
complete
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Vitamin____deficiency is the most common worldwide.
Respuesta
-
A
-
B
-
C
-
D
-
E
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Mineral are _____ , whereas vitamins are ______?
Respuesta
-
micronutrients, macronutrients
-
water soluble elements, lipid-soluble compounds
-
inorganic elements, organic compounds
-
inessential nutrients, essential nutrients
-
incomplete nutrients, complete nutrients
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
_____ is a product of glycolysis
Respuesta
-
glucose
-
carbon dioxide
-
lactic acid
-
pyruvic acid
-
acetyl CoA
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which of these processes is essential for all of the rest to happen?
Respuesta
-
glycolysis
-
citric acid cycle (Krebs)
-
lactic acid reduction
-
electron-transport chain
-
anaerobic fermentation
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
The synthesis of glucose from amino acids belongs to a metabolic process called?
Respuesta
-
glycogenesis
-
glycogenolysis
-
glycolysis
-
gluconeogenesis
-
glycogen catabolism
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
______ is a product of aerobic respiration:
Respuesta
-
carbon dioxide
-
pyruvic acid
-
lactic acid
-
oxygen
-
glucose
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Most of the NADH contributing energy to ATP synthesis is produced by:
Respuesta
-
glycolysis
-
citric acid cycle
-
mitochondrial proton pumps
-
anaerobic fermentation
-
electron transfer from FADH2
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Glycolysis and aerobic respiration collectively produce up to _____ ATP per glucose, whereas anaerobic fermentation produces______.
Respuesta
-
2, about the same, varying from one tissue to another
-
38, none
-
38, 2
-
38, 36
-
38, about the same varying from one tissue to another
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following compounds yields the most ATP per molecule?
Respuesta
-
glucose
-
pyruvic acid
-
acetyl coA
-
lactic acid
-
glycogen
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The inner membrane of a mitochondrion contains the protein ____, which harnesses the energy created by H+ flow to produce ATP by a process called _____:
Respuesta
-
enzyme complex, reduction
-
ATP synthase, oxidation
-
enzyme complex, proton pumping
-
ATP synthase, the chemiosmotic mechanism
-
cytochrome c, reduction
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Most of the body's fat is stored as?
Respuesta
-
LDL
-
HDL
-
cholesterol
-
triglyceride
-
fatty acids
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Fatty acids are catabolized by a process called:
Respuesta
-
beta oxidation
-
ketogensis
-
lipgenesis
-
lipolysis
-
the fat sparing effect
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Incomplete fatty acid oxidation produces _____, which might lead to _____?
Respuesta
-
triglycerides, new triglycerids
-
ketone bodies, acidosis
-
pyruvic acid, acidosis
-
glycerol, alkalosis
-
acetyl CoA, acidosis
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Oxidation of a typical fatty acid can yield how many ATP?
Respuesta
-
2
-
18
-
36
-
38
-
129
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The highest rate of tissue protein turnover happens in the?
Respuesta
-
intestinal mucosa
-
gastric mucosa
-
hepatic sinusoids
-
splenic sinusoids
-
pancreatic sinusoids
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The first step in using amino acids as fuel is to ____ them?
Respuesta
-
digest
-
deaminate
-
transaminate
-
synthesize
-
aminate
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
The liver performs all of the following functions except?
Respuesta
-
glycogenesis
-
detoxification
-
phagocytosis
-
secretion of digestive enzymes
-
synthesis of plasma proteins
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
What metabolic process produces ammonia?
Respuesta
-
beta oxidation of alpha-ketoglutaric acid
-
lipolysis
-
transamination of urea
-
amination of keto acids
-
deamination of glutamic acid
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The liver does not?
Respuesta
-
convert ammonia to urea
-
carry out most beta oxidation
-
produce insulin and glucagon
-
synthesize cholesterol
-
synthesize glucose from fats and amino acids
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
During the postabsorptive state?
Respuesta
-
the principal regulatory hormone is
-
glucagon-blood glucose falls
-
fatty acids are oxidized for fuel
-
lipolysis is active
-
gluconeogenesis is suppressed
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
______ is secreted during the postabsorptive state?
Respuesta
-
gastrin
-
insulin
-
CCK
-
growth hormone
-
secretin
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
_____ does not raise total metabolic rate (TMR)
Respuesta
-
starvation
-
anxiety
-
fever
-
eating a big meal
-
pregnancy
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The basal metabolic rate should be measured when a person?
Respuesta
-
is sleeping
-
first rises in the morning
-
has just eaten a meal no more than 200kcal
-
is in the absorptive state
-
is engaged in normal physical activity but not strenuous exercises
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Fats should account for about_____ percent of the daily caloric intake?
Respuesta
-
5
-
10
-
30
-
50
-
60
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Glycogenesis is stimulated by _____ and the glycogenolysis is stimulated by ________?
Respuesta
-
insulin, glucagon and epinephrine
-
insulin, aldosterone
-
GH, glucagon and epinephrine
-
GH, cortisol
-
GH, insulin
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Only approximately _____ % of the energy in the glucose molecule winds up in ATP, the rest is lost as body heat?
Respuesta
-
10
-
20
-
40
-
98
-
80
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
During periods of fasting, fat is said to have a protein-sparing effect because the body?
Respuesta
-
oxidizes its spare protein before it depletes its fat reserves
-
metabolizes fats and proteins through the same metabolic pathways
-
must have an adequate fat intake in order to absorb and metabolize proteins
-
must have an adequate protein intake in order to absorb and metabolize fats
-
does not oxidize its protein unless it has consumed its fat reserve first
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
glucose in excess of the body's immediate needs is usually converted to protein
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
both glycogenesis and gluconeogenesis are examples of catabolism
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
the absorpitive state is regulated by insulin, whereas the postabsorptive state is regulated by multiple hormones?
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
NE stimulates cravings for carbs whereas endorphins stimulate cravings for proteins
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
aerobic respiration is more efficient than anaerobic fermentation, but the latter is oxygen independent
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
most body fat in overweight people is stored in the integumentary system
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
consumption of excess calories during adulthood causes adipocytes to multiple
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
the most abundant nitrogenous waste in blood is urea, which is produced by the combination of ammonia with carbon dioxide
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
the absorptive state lasts about 15 minutes after a meal
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
mental state does not affect metabolic rate
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
when a person is active, most of the body heat is generated in the brain, heart, and endocrine glands
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
heat promoting center is located in the hypothalamus, which triggers shivering
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
when a person is active, most of the body heat is generated in the brain, heart, and endocrine glands
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
hypothermia may be fatal if the core body temperature reaches 37 or lower
Respuesta
- True
- False
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