452186
Descripción
Test por gina_evans0312, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por gina_evans0312
hace alrededor de 11 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Regulatory modifications can be removed
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What is added in Palmitoylation?
Respuesta
-
Palmitic Acid
-
Palmitoyl-5-Phosphate
-
Palmitite
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
The substrate in palmitoylation is added through a thio-ester bond
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Where is the substrate in palmitoylation added?
Respuesta
-
The central cystine
-
The two flanking leucines
-
Of C/LCL/C
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Describe Model 1 of regulatory modification
Respuesta
-
The modification changes the functional state (Active --> Inactive or vice versa)
-
The modification changes the affinity of the protein for its binding partner
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
In Model 2, what does the addition do?
Respuesta
-
Activates/deactivates the protein
-
Creates a new binding site that only exists with the modification
-
Marks the protein for destruction
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Phosphorylation is the least used modification in eukaryotic cells
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
What is the donor for phosphorylation?
Respuesta
-
Gamma phosphate of ATP
-
Alpha phosphate of ATP
-
Beta phosphate of ATP
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Name the two enzymes that add/remove the phosphate
Respuesta
-
Protein kinases
-
Protein phosphatases
-
Protein isomerases
-
Protein transferases
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Phosphates are added to amino acids with OH groups on the R chain
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Phosphorylation can be used for both Model 1 & 2
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Give an example of a Model 1 phosphorylation
Respuesta
-
Phosphorylation of Erk Kinase
-
Phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase
-
Phosporylation of Ras
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Describe a Model 2 pathway for phosphorylation
Respuesta
-
Platelet derived growth factor self phosphorylates on Tyr
-
Allows binding of other proteins SH2 domains
-
Phosphorylation of Raf
-
Phosphorylation of MEK
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Acetylation is used almost exclusively for model 1
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
To which residue is the substrate for Acetylation added?
Respuesta
-
Lysine
-
Leucine
-
Tyrosine
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Acetylysine is neutral
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Acetyl-lysines are recognised by what?
Respuesta
-
Bromo-domains
-
Phosphoserine domains
-
KH4 domains
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The donor for Acetylation is?
Respuesta
-
N-acetyl glucosamine
-
N-acetyl galactosamine
-
Acetyl CoA
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Name the proteins that add/remove the substrate in acetylation
Respuesta
-
Acetyl Transferase
-
Deacetylases
-
Acetyl Isomerase
-
Acetylase
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
How is acetylation used for DNA density regulation?
Respuesta
-
The histone monomers (H3 & H4 especially) have tails rich in lysine for acetylation
-
T/A residues are acetylated, which signals to move them to the histone and be silenced
-
GTG repeats are acetylated to activate them, moving them away from the histone
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Acetylation causes the DNA to relax
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
What is the role of bromodomains?
Respuesta
-
To interact with histones
-
To interact with nucleosoems
-
Bring in other proteins for the chromatin remodelling complex
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What is the donor substrate for methylation?
Respuesta
-
S-adenosyl Methionine
-
Ethanol
-
N-acetyl methionine
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Name the two protein sets that add/remove methyl groups
Respuesta
-
Methyl transferase
-
Demethylase
-
Methyl isomerase
-
Methylases
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
There are separate enzymes for lysine and arginine methylation
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Methyl can be added to the same lysine how many times?
Respuesta
-
3
-
4
-
5
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
MeK, Me2K and Me3K are all created and recognised by the same enzyme
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Some enzymes can mono/bi/ and tri methylate, some can only do one
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Name the forms of dimethylated arginine
Respuesta
-
Me2R
-
Symmetrical Me2R
-
Asymmetrical Me2R
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
What's the difference between s & aMe2R
Respuesta
-
One is in Cis, the other is in trans formation
-
aMe2R has both methylations on the same arginine
-
aMe2R has both methylations on different arginines
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Arginine has 5 nitrogens to be replaced
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Tudor domains recognise methylation
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Why is S-adenosyl methionine used as the donor
Respuesta
-
It has a 5-bonded carbon, which makes the methyl easy to remove
-
It has a 4-bonded phosphate, which makes the methyl easy to remove
-
It has a 3-bonded sulphur, which makes the methyl easy to remove
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Tandem tudor cannot bind to Me3K as there is no longer a H for it to bind with
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
A type of tudor domain will recognise asymmetical Me2R
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
ADP ribosylation is mostly Model 2
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
What is the donor for ADP ribosylation?
Respuesta
-
NAD+
-
FAD+
-
NADH
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
How is the ADP gained from the substrate?
Respuesta
-
Cut off the nicotinamide and you're left with the ADP
-
Cut off the flavin and you're left with the ADP
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Name the proteins that add/removed ADP
Respuesta
-
Poly-ADP Ribose Polymerase
-
ADP Transferase
-
De-ADPase
-
Poly-ADP Ribose Glycohydrolases
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which amino acids are the ADP(s) added to?
Respuesta
-
Lysine
-
Glutamine
-
Valine
-
Glutaminc Acid
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Which amino acid has the ADP(s) added?
Respuesta
-
Lysine
-
Glutamine
-
Valine
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
ADP ribose can be addded to ADP ribose in straight or branched chains
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
What is the role of glutamic acid ADP ribosylation?
Respuesta
-
Happens to linker histones
-
Happens to open stretches of DNA
-
Recognised by DNA damage response proteins
-
Recognised by silencing proteins
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Name the 3 enzymes used in the addition of Ubiquitin
Respuesta
-
E1- Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme
-
E1- Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme
-
E2- Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme
-
U2- Ubiquitin Ligase
-
U3- Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme
-
U3- Ubiquitin Ligase
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
De-Ubiquitinating Enzyme removes Ubiquitin
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
What type of bond forms between Ubiquitin and the target residue?
Respuesta
-
Thio-ester, between the COOH of the ubiquitin and the lysine on the target protein
-
Isopeptide, between the COOH of the ubiquitin and the lysine on the target protein
-
Disulphide, between the COOH of the ubiquitin and the lysine on the target protein
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Ubiquitinated lysine 63 are open and flexible and acts a signalling site for complex formation
Ubiquitinated lysine 48 are compact and mark the protein for destruction
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
What is the first step of ubiquitination?
Respuesta
-
Ubiquitin is activated by ATP hydrolysis
-
Ubiquitin is activated by GTP hydrolysis
-
Ubiquitin is activated by UTP hydrolysis
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Once Ub has been activated, what enzyme does it bind to, and what bond forms?
Respuesta
-
Thio-ester
-
Peptide
-
E1
-
E2
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
The Ub is then passed on to..
Respuesta
-
E1
-
E2
-
E3
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
What is the role of E3?
Respuesta
-
Binding of an E2-Ub complex
-
Binding on an E1-Ub complex
-
Binds to substrate protein & transfers ubiquitin to amino group of lysine
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Protein specificity for Ubiquitination lives in E2
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
How many versions of E1 are there?
Respuesta
-
1
-
2
-
3
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
There are 35 versions of E2
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
How many E3's are there?
Respuesta
-
1
-
10's
-
100's
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