Environment Effect to Microbiology

Descripción

College Environmental Microbiology Test sobre Environment Effect to Microbiology, creado por raifedora el 21/01/2014.
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Test por raifedora, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por raifedora hace casi 11 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Who is the inventor of The Winogradsky Column?
Respuesta
  • Seiger Winogradsky
  • Sergei Winogradsky

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
The winogradsky column is as an artificial microbial ecosystem that serve a short term source of bacteria for isolating a pure culture.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Mud is supplemented with Calcium Sulphate as a buffer and Calcium Carbonate as a source of Carbon
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Air is not prohibited in the Winogradsky column since the anaerobic microorganism could live below the surface where the Oxygen is not available. The column could be packed loosely but should be covered by different source of water.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Agar dilution tubes is a mixed culture diluted in molten agar for purifying anaerobic microorganisms.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
General staining method includes all of these, except
Respuesta
  • DAPI (Diamido Phenylindole)
  • AO (Acridine Orange)
  • SYBR Green II
  • None of the above

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
DAPI, AO, and SYBR Green stain will be fluorescent under UV, but unable to be used to measure the quantity of microorganism in the sample.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Select every true statement below:
Respuesta
  • Sergei Winogradsky first used the Winogradsky column to identify anaerobes and aerobes.
  • The column was first used in 19th century to study soil microorganisms.
  • The result of the column is shown by a change in color and the existence of colony patches in the soil. The existence of gas could also be detected by a crack in the soil.
  • A direct sunlight is necessary when storing the column.

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Select every true statement below:
Respuesta
  • Sergei Winogradsky first used the Winogradsky column to identify anaerobes and aerobes.
  • The column was first used in 19th century to study soil microorganisms.
  • The result of the column is shown by a change in color and the existence of colony patches in the soil. The existence of gas could also be detected by a crack in the soil.
  • A direct sunlight is necessary when storing the column.

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
In the Winogradsky Column, the up-most layer in the water column is oxic because algae and cyanobacteria produces O2 by photosynthesis. Decomposition process happens in the mud, leading to the production of organic acid, alcoholes, and H2 that provides a good environment for non-sulfate-reducing bacteria. These bacteria then produce H2S, triggering the growth of purple and green bacteria. These bacteria grow in the shape of layers and may bloom due to the lack of oxygen and/or oxygenic phototrophs.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
Winogradsky columns have been used to enrich only the aerobic prokaryotes since the anaerobic ones are inhibited by anaerobic bacteria. The other purpose of using this columns is to test the hypothesis that an organism in the inoculum is able to degrade the specific compound that supplemented in the column. Using this column as a supply source of inocula for enrichment cultures is impossible.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
Agar Dilution Tubes method uses a serial dilution in a molten agar to isolate a single colony of aerobic microorganism.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
MPN (Most Probable Number) technique is used to estimate the number of microorganism in samples that have to be assessed regularly like food, wastewater, etc.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Choose the right statement below:
Respuesta
  • DAPI fluoresce blue and absorbs optimally at 450 nm
  • AO fluoresce orange or greenish orange and absorbs optimally at 400 nm
  • SYBR Green I fluoresce blue-green and absorbs optimally in 597 nm
  • None of the above
  • Three of the options are right.

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Since DNA Staining such as DAPI and AO is highly specific, the viability of the cells could be assessed and measure the living cells. Thus, this technique is desirable to track species of microorganism in the environment.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
The basis of differentiating between living and dead cells is whether or not the endoplasmic reticulum is intact. Dyes that fluoresce green and red are used, green for all bacteria, and red only stains dead bacteria. Viability staining like this could instantly give an information about the abundance and viability of microorganism observed.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
The more specific fluorescent staining possible is by using fluorescent antibodies. This antibody provides a great information about the microorganism observed. However, this technique is rather expensive and time-consuming.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
The downside of using the Fluorescent Antibodies to stain are
Respuesta
  • A pure culture is often optional.
  • Preparation of specific antibodies against the microorganism is obligatory.
  • Preparation of specific antibodies is prohibited.
  • A pure culture is obligatory.
  • None of the above.

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
gfp gene is able to be used on both oxic and anoxic environment because the need of O2 is optional for GFP protein to fluoresce. That is the reason why gfp method is widely used in many fields to track microorganism and its life cycle.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
A reporter gene is a gene that able to report an activity of translation.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Why does general fluorescent staining method can't provide a sufficient information about the diversity of organisms in nature?
Respuesta
  • The range of size of the organisms is very wide.
  • it's not possible to determine live and dead cells.
  • The phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms is not revealed.
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