The Neuron and The Nervous System - quiz

Correctly label the neuron.

A Synapse is a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.

Excitatory neurotransmitters:

inhibitory neurotransmitters:

What type of Neuron is this?

What kind of Neuron is this?

What type of Neuron is this?

What type of Neruon is this?

This is an Ependymal Cell. It is found in the Central Nervous System. What does it do?

This is an Astrocyte. It is found in the Central Nervous System. Which describes the function of this particular neuroglia?

This neuroglia is an ogliodendrocyte. It is found in the Central Nervous System. Which best describes it's function in the CNS?

This is microglia, the smallest of the neuroglia. It is found in the Central Nervous System. It has a very important role. What is it?

This is a satellite cell, abundant in the Peripheral Nervous System. Which statement describes their function?

This is a Schwann Cell. It is found in the Peripheral Nervous System. What is it's function?

The Organisation of the Nervous System

Synapse

Graded Membrane Potential

Select the correct name for the channels below:

Generation of Action Potentials. Step 1: Depolarisation of the threshold. * The stimulus that initiates an action potential is a [blank_start]graded depolarisation[blank_end] large enough to open the channels. * A graded depolarisation brings an [blank_start]area of excitable membrane[blank_end] to threshold [blank_start](-60mV)[blank_end] Step 2: Activation of Sodium Channels and Rapid Depolarisation. * The [blank_start]Voltage-Gated[blank_end] sodium channels open (sodium channel activation) * Sodium Ions, driven by [blank_start]electrical attraction[blank_end] and the chemical gradient, flood into the cell * The transmembrane potential goes from -60mV (the threshold level) to [blank_start]+30mV[blank_end] (the sodium equilibrium potential) * The membrane cannot respond to any other stimulation during this time, the [blank_start]Refectory Period[blank_end] Step 3: Inactivation of Sodium Channels and Activation of Potassium Channels. * The Voltage-Gated sodium channels [blank_start]close[blank_end] (sodium channel inactivation occurs) at +30mV * The [blank_start]Voltage-Gated[blank_end] potassium channels are now open, and positively charged potassium ions [blank_start]diffuse out[blank_end] of the cell, shifting the membrane potential back toward [blank_start]resting levels[blank_end]. * [blank_start]Repolarisation[blank_end] begins. Step 4: Closing of Potassium Channels * The Voltage-Gated sodium channels regain their normal properties * The membrane is now capable of generating another action potential if a larger-than-normal stimulus is provided * The Voltage-Gated potassium channels begin closing at [blank_start]-70mV[blank_end]. Because they do not all close at the same time, potassium loss continues and a [blank_start]temporary hyperpolarisation[blank_end] occurs, bringing the membrane to approximately [blank_start]-90mV[blank_end]. * At the end of the relative Refractory Period, all Voltage-Gated channels have closed and the membrane is back to it's resting state.