565902
Descripción
Test por Sophie Barrett, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Sophie Barrett
hace más de 10 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Point mutations affect a large region of the DNA.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following can cause DNA Mutations?
Respuesta
-
Chemicals
-
Radiation
-
Medication
-
Errors in DNA Repair Mechanisms
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
In eukaryotes, DNA Mutations that occur in the non-coding regions may still have an affect on the organism.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Most mutations occur in the DNA of germ-line cells.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
A new mutation is only of consequence to the next generation if it occurs in germ line cells.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following is a direct consequence of somatic cell DNA mutation?
Respuesta
-
Cancer
-
Diabetes
-
Cushing's Syndrome
-
Fatty Liver
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Ageing may be, in part, a consequence of an accumulation of somatic cell mutations.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Evolution depends on mutations.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
How are gene mutations removed from population?
Respuesta
-
Individuals choose not to mate with another individual carrying mutations.
-
Individuals with mutations choose not to mate with healthy individuals.
-
Mutations that have detrimental effects lower the chance of survival of that individual, a lower chance of reproduction means the genes are not inherited.
-
The DNA splices out mutations when the foetus is developing.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
A point mutation occurring in non-coding DNA can still be lethal.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a type of DNA mutation?
Respuesta
-
Insertion or Deletion
-
Base Substitution
-
Base Transportation
-
Large Deletions
-
Point Mutations
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Roughly what percentage of DNA is non-coding?
Respuesta
-
99%
-
95%
-
22%
-
57%
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Base Transversions involve a purine being replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
How do base transversions affect the DNA?
Respuesta
-
If a pyramidine is replaced with a purine, the DNA will fall apart.
-
If a purine is added, the DNA will stick to the edge of the nucleolus.
-
The DNA double helix shape will have either a bulge of dip in it.
-
The DNA double helix will not form at all, so these are fatal mutations.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Base Transitions can include example such as: G replacing A or T replacing C.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Normal base pairing involves Adenine ( a keto type ) binding with Thymine (also a keto type) with 2 hydrogen bonds.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Normal base pairing involves Cytosine (an amino type) binding to Guanine ( a keto type) with 3 hydrogen bonds.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What are Tautomeric forms of the DNA bases?
Respuesta
-
Tau protein becomes embedded in the histone proteins.
-
Keto types are transformed into Enol groups and vice versa.
-
They are unable to bind to anything, so the DNA cannot form.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Low concentrations of Guanine(enol) exist, so one rare abnormal base pairing is: G(enol) with T(keto).
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Spontaneous mutations can be caused by tautomeric forms of DNA bases. These abnormal bases exist in low concentrations, in equilibrium in the cell. In vitro studies show that what percentage of DNA bases are in the rare abnormal form?
Respuesta
-
0.003%
-
0.1%
-
1%
-
0.013%
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following statements concerning DNA/RNA proofreading is correct?
Respuesta
-
DNA Polymerase proofreads DNA and RNA in all organisms.
-
There is no proofreading mechanism available for RNA.
-
Viruses, such as influence and HIV, mutate regularly because they contain DNA polymerase, a mutagen for RNA.
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
One common repair mechanism is that of Alkylation - DNA polymerase alkyl groups, removes and replaces them.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
DNA Glycosylase removes and replaces the alkylated base.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What feature of the Genetic Code minimises the chance of disadvantageous and fatal mutations?
Respuesta
-
We have so much non-coding DNA that we can use that are a repair template.
-
The Degeneracy of the Genetic Code.
-
DNA cannot become mutated once you are born, all mutations occur when you are growing.
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The mutation causing sickle cell anaemia has not been removed from certain populations because is confers some resistance to...
Respuesta
-
HIV/AIDS in Caucasian individuals.
-
Malaria in Afro-Carribean individuals.
-
AIDS in children.
-
Lung cancer in Afro-Carribean smokers.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Nonsense mutations may lead to a truncated protein. How may this be detrimental?
Respuesta
-
The protein may become shaped like a elephant's trunk and will adhere to ribosomes.
-
The resulting protein may be missing active sites.
-
The protein might be so small that it can become 'lost' in the cytoplasm, because it can exit the nucleus through the nuclear pores.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Transposase is an enzyme which that promtes the jumping of short DNA sequences from one DNA molecule to another.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Chromosomal translocation in the Philadelphia chromosome leads to...
Respuesta
-
Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
-
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
-
A predisposition to Pancreatic Cancer.
-
Chronic Anaemia
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