Disease and Nervous System Exam

Which of the following are the main structures of the brain?

What is the Cerebrum's function?

What is the Cerebellum's function?

What is the Limbic System's function?

What is the Brain Stem's function?

Label the diagram of a motor neurone

Label the diagram of a sensory neurone

Label the graph below of the cycle of sensory input

The hormone adrenaline (scientifically known as [blank_start]epinephrine[blank_end]) is secreted by the [blank_start]adrenal[blank_end] glands. Its main function is to increase [blank_start]glucose[blank_end] levels and raise [blank_start]cardiac[blank_end] output, it is triggered by acute [blank_start]stress[blank_end] and prepares the body for what is known as "[blank_start]fight or flight[blank_end]". The physiological effects of this hormone are: raised [blank_start]blood pressure[blank_end] and breaking down [blank_start]glycogen[blank_end] into glucose.

Select the brain technologies from the list below

PET is an acronym for "[blank_start]Positron Emission Topography[blank_end]", a type of technology used to monitor brain activity. It works by the patient inhaling or injecting a safe dose of [blank_start]radioactive[blank_end] tracer compound, usually doctors use [blank_start]Fluorodeoxyglucose[blank_end] (FDG) to monitor brain activity. Then this compound travels to the [blank_start]brain[blank_end] and is detected by a PET [blank_start]scan machine[blank_end], the PET scanner measures energy when positively charged particles ([blank_start]positrons[blank_end]) collide with negatively charged particles ([blank_start]electrons[blank_end]) in the patients brain. A computer then translates this into a [blank_start]multi-coloured[blank_end] image where different [blank_start]colours[blank_end] resemble different [blank_start]glucose/activity[blank_end] levels in the brian.

Label the image below of a PET Scan with the levels of activity the brain is transmitting

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) technology detects brain activity by:

The low water content in the blood stimulates [blank_start]receptors[blank_end] in the brain to respond by sending [blank_start]nerve[blank_end] impulses to the [blank_start]pituitary[blank_end] gland (master gland). The pituitary gland responds by releasing [blank_start]Antidiuretic Hormone[blank_end] (ADH) into the blood. When the hormones are detected in the blood by the [blank_start]kidneys[blank_end] the kidneys respond by filtering out less [blank_start]water[blank_end] into the urine, which causes the water content in the blood to increase. When the increased water content in the blood is detected by the receptors in the [blank_start]brain[blank_end], they stop sending electrical impulses to the pituitary gland. This is a [blank_start]negative[blank_end] feedback system.

Label the diagram of the Endocrine System below:

True or False? Vaccines/Immunisations are created by injecting dead or inactive bacteria into the patient?

Glucose provides the body with [blank_start]energy[blank_end], too much can make your blood [blank_start]thick[blank_end] and too little can make you [blank_start]dizzy[blank_end] and tired. The glucose level in your body remains somewhat constant with the help of two hormones: [blank_start]insulin and glucagon[blank_end]. These hormones are made by specialised groups of cells in the [blank_start]pancreas[blank_end] called 'islets'. When you eat and your glucose levels increase, [blank_start]receptors[blank_end] in your pancreas secrete [blank_start]insulin[blank_end], the insulin causes the glucose to be extracted from the [blank_start]bloodstream[blank_end] and turned into [blank_start]glycogen[blank_end] by your [blank_start]liver and muscles[blank_end]. The glycogen is then stored in the liver and your glucose levels are reduced. If you exercise a your glucose levels [blank_start]decrease[blank_end], your pancreas responds by secreting a different hormone: [blank_start]glucagon[blank_end]. Glucagon has the opposite effect to insulin and together these hormones keep our glucose levels [blank_start]stable[blank_end].

True or False? The Parasympathetic Nervous System speeds up bodily functions and prepares the body for "fight or flight" by dilating pupils, opening bronchioles and increasing heart rate/bloodflow

Label the image below of the comparison between the Nervous and Endocrine Systems