Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Users may access the DBMS or indirectly through application programs.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
The database is processed by the DBMS.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
A database contains four main elements: user data, application programs, metadata, and indexes.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Today, most databases represent user data as trees of data.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
In a relation, the columns of the relation contain records for particular entities in the business environment, and the rows of the relation contain fields or attributes.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
In a relation, the columns of the relation contain fields or attributes, and the rows of the relation contain records for particular entities in the business environment.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Most DBMS products store the metadata in the form of tables.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
System tables contain the user's data.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Developers have a special set of tools for querying metadata that is separate from the query tools for user's data.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Overhead data is a synonym for metadata.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Overhead data is composed primarily of indexes.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Indexes and linked lists are both types of overhead data.
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Overhead data contains types of data structures that can improve the performance and accessibility of the database.
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Indexes are beneficial for search operations, but at the cost of slowing down sorting operations.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Indexes should be created for every field in a relation, even if they are not currently needed, to support future uses of the data.
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Application metadata is used to store the structure of some application components in the database.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Although all DBMS products do not support application components, all DBMS products that do support application components store the structure of those components in application metadata.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
While users can not access the application metadata directly, database developers often must directly access application metadata to create database application programs.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The design tool subsystem of the DBMS is responsible for processing the application components.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
The design tools subsystem of the DBMS can facilitate the design of a database, but does not have tools to help in actually implementing the design.
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
If a DBMS includes a programming language or an interface to a programming language, it is considered to be part of the design tool subsystem of the DBMS.
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
If a DBMS includes a programming language or an interface to a programming language, it is considered to be part of the design tool subsystem of the DBMS.
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The run-time subsystem of the DBMS processes the application components.
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
The DBMS engine acts as an intermediary between the other DBMS components and the database data.
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The DBMS engine receives requests from the run-time subsystem and the design tools subsystem and translates them into commands for the operating system to read and write data on physical media.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
To retrieve data from the database, the run-time subsystem instructs the operating system to read data from the physical media.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The DBMS engine is involved in transaction management.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
The run-time subsystem is responsible for locking, and backup and recovery within the database.
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
The database schema is a component of the DBMS engine.
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
A database schema defines a database’s structure – its tables, relationships, domains, and business rules.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
A database schema is a set of values that a column can have.
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
A domain includes the physical format of an attribute and its uniqueness.
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Business rules are restrictions on the business’s activities that need to be reflected in the database and database applications.
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Business rules can always be enforced in the DBMS if the database is properly designed.
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Some DBMS products use “stored procedures” to enforce business rules.
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Once a database schema has been designed, the next step in creating a database is to define the relationships.
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
One disadvantage of declaring a relationship between two tables to the DBMS is that whenever those two tables are used in a form, query, or report the relationship must be declared again.
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Identifiers that have no meaning to the users but are created only so that each row in a table will be uniquely identifiable to the DBMS are called foreign keys.
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
While most DBMS products support creating queries, few actually store the query as part of the application.
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
A criterion query is a query that has been constructed to accept criteria values at run-time.
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
A report can be used to enter data into the database as well as display data from the database.
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Reports usually have a more complex structure than forms.
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Menus can be used to control user access to forms, reports, and programs.
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Menus can make application components more accessible to users, but at the cost of losing control over the users’ activities.
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Database application programs must be written using a language that is specific to the DBMS.
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Predefined program interfaces allow database application programs written in standard programming languages to interact with the DBMS.
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Top-down development proceeds from the need to develop a specific system.
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Studying the strategic goals of the organization and the information requirements necessary to achieve those goals is characteristic of top-down development.
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Top-down development tends to produce useful systems more quickly than bottom-up development.
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Bottom-up development produces systems with a global perspective requiring fewer modifications as additional systems are built.
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Typically, users can clearly express their needs to the database developer.
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Typically, database developers will start with the outputs that the users desire and work backward to infer the data model.
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Development of multi-user databases, such as workgroup and organizational databases, is simplified because the developer has more potential sources for information.
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Development of multi-user databases is especially difficult when the system is so large that no single user has a model of the complete structure.