6379045
Descripción
Test por Mari Magabo, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Mari Magabo
hace casi 8 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells?
Respuesta
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Digestion
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Metabolism
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Absorption
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Catabolism
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein?
Respuesta
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Fat content
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Essential amino acid content
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Complex carbohydrate content
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Nonessential amino acid content
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Lipids differ in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to their number of
Respuesta
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amino acids.
-
double bonds.
-
saccharide units.
-
peptide linkages.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What is the primary storage form of carbohydrate in the body?
Respuesta
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Fiber
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Starch
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Glucose
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Glycogen
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?
Respuesta
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Jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum, rectum
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Jejunum, ileum, duodenum, rectum, colon
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Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon
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Stomach, jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following cannot add fat to the body?
Respuesta
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Alcohol
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Proteins
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Carbohydrates
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Inorganic nutrients
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction?
Respuesta
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Glucose formation from glycerol
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Pyruvate formation from glucose
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Albumin formation from amino acids
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Palmitic acid formation from acetate
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
In comparison to the composition of carbohydrates and fats, which element found in proteins makes them unique?
Respuesta
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Carbon
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Oxygen
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Nitrogen
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Hydrogen
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Any of the following can be used by the body for the synthesis of a nonessential amino acid EXCEPT
Respuesta
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a fragment of fat.
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an essential mineral.
-
an essential amino acid.
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a fragment of carbohydrate.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The application of heat or acid to a protein that causes its shape to change is known as
Respuesta
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stiffening
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condensation
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denaturation
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destabilization
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of the following is a feature of fat metabolism?
Respuesta
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Cholesterol is stored primarily on the surface of veins
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High-density lipoproteins represent the major transport vehicle for delivering fat to the adipose cells
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Fat storage is highly efficient due to the rapid uptake of the intact triglyceride molecule by adipose cells
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Triglycerides in the blood must first be broken down to monoglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol prior to uptake by the adipose cells
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The process by which food is broken down into absorbable components is called
Respuesta
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digestion
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absorption
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excretion
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mastication
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol would be known as a
Respuesta
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diglyceride
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triglyceride
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phospholipid
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monoglyceride
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
An important function of fat in the body is to
Respuesta
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build muscle tissue.
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regulate blood glucose levels.
-
protect vital organs against shock.
-
provide precursors for glucose synthesis.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
Respuesta
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It is absorbed directly into the blood
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It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
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It is not formed in the body when provided by the diet
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It is found in abundance in tropical fats such as palm oil
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Which of the following terms is NOT used to classify amino acids in the diet?
Respuesta
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Essential
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Nonessential
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Partially essential
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Conditionally essential
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
When two amino acids are chemically joined together, the resulting structure is called a
Respuesta
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dipeptide.
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diglyceride
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polypeptide.
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disaccharide.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
A person who eats a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast every day is most likely making a food choice based on
Respuesta
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habit
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availability
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body image
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environmental concerns
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells?
Respuesta
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Diffusion
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Transmigration
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Active transport
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Facilitated diffusion
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What is a bolus?
Respuesta
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Enzyme that hydrolyzes starch
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Portion of food swallowed at one time
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Device used to analyze the contents of the stomach
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Sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following is a feature of diabetes?
Respuesta
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Many people with type 2 diabetes are obese
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Most people who have diabetes require insulin therapy
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Diabetes results chiefly from excess dietary intake of simple carbohydrates
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People with type 1 diabetes fail to respond to the insulin made by the pancreas
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Among the following, which would be the least effective method to control blood cholesterol levels?
Respuesta
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Control body weight
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Eat more insoluble fiber
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Consume less saturated fat
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Engage in physical activity
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What is the name given to partially digested food in the stomach?
Respuesta
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Chyme
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Liquid food
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Gastric mucus
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Semiliquid mass
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What type of fatty acid is found in high amounts in olive oil?
Respuesta
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Saturated
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Monounsaturated
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Polyunsaturated
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Partially hydrogenated
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The purpose of bicarbonate in the digestive process is to
Respuesta
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raise the pH of chyme.
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lower the pH of chyme.
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hydrolyze large peptides.
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provide a little fizz in your life.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
When amino acids are deaminated, the immediate products are ammonia and often a
Respuesta
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uric acid.
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keto acid.
-
folic acid.
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gluco acid.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
A low risk of cardiovascular disease correlates with high blood levels of
Respuesta
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triglycerides.
-
free fatty acids.
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high-density lipoproteins.
-
very-low-density lipoproteins.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
When nitrogen taken into the body exceeds nitrogen losses, we say the person is in
Respuesta
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a healthy state.
-
nitrogen equilibrium.
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positive nitrogen balance.
-
negative nitrogen balance.
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which part of the GI tract contains highly acidic digestive juices?
Respuesta
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Colon
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Ileum
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Stomach
-
Duodenum
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
A nutrient needed by the body and that must be supplied by foods is termed a(n)
Respuesta
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neutraceutical
-
metabolic unit.
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organic nutrient.
-
essential nutrient.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Bile is known to assist in the absorption of
Respuesta
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fat only.
-
all nutrients.
-
carbohydrate and fat only.
-
carbohydrate, fat, and protein only.
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT among the consequences of making poor food choices?
Respuesta
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Over the long term, they will reduce lifespan in some people
-
They can promote heart disease and cancer over the long term
-
Over the long term, they will not affect lifespan in some people
-
When made over just a single day, they exert great harm to your health
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following is an example of the difference between the chemical bonds in starch and those in cellulose?
Respuesta
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Starch bonds are single
-
Starch bonds are fatty acids
-
Cellulose bonds release energy
-
Cellulose bonds are not hydrolyzed by human enzymes
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which of the following is a consequence of excess protein intake?
Respuesta
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Decreased excretion of calcium
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Decreased size of the liver and kidneys
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Increased production and excretion of urea
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Increased protein storage by the liver and kidneys
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient?
Respuesta
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Lecithin
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Cholesterol
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Stearic acid
-
Linoleic acid
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose?
Respuesta
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Glucose
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Maltose
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Sucrose
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Fructose
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
Respuesta
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Body cells will synthesize it
-
Protein synthesis will be limited
-
Health will not be affected as long as other nutrients are adequate
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Proteins will be made but they will lack that particular amino acid
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?
Respuesta
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Corn
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Olives
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Roasted turkey
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Roasted peanuts
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
After digestion of proteins, what products are absorbed into the circulation?
Respuesta
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Free amino acids only
-
Free amino acids and oligopeptides
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Free amino acids and dipeptides only
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Free amino acids, and a few dipeptides and tripeptides
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
What term is specific to reactions in which simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules?
Respuesta
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Anabolic
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Catabolic
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Ergogenic
-
Gluconeogenic
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
In which of the following are ample amounts of carbohydrates almost always found?
Respuesta
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Plant foods
-
Health foods
-
Animal products
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Protein-rich foods
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
What type of nutrient is starch?
Respuesta
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Fiber
-
Gluten
-
Simple carbohydrate
-
Complex carbohydrate
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
The hepatic portal vein empties into the
Respuesta
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liver
-
heart
-
pancreas
-
hepatic vein.
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Nutrients are chemicals obtained from food and used by the body to provide energy.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Which of the following describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract?
Respuesta
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A vat-like vessel
-
A rigid, solid tunnel
-
A flexible muscular tube
-
A firm, duct-like channel
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