1_MD. Pre-Test ANESTHESIOLOGY WHO AM I ASSESSMENT

I am only one of two Anesthesiologists to have a picture on a US postage stamp. I developed a scale for evaluating newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. My name is mentioned everyday in the delivery room. I was a pioneer of Newborn Resuscitation. WHO AM I?

I was an Italian physician from Naples. I introduced Refrigeration Anesthesia in 1600 which was used extensively during the Russo-Finnish War of 1939. WHO AM I?

I was a dentist from Hartford, CT in the 1840’s. I needed a way to stop dental pain to install dentures and pull teeth. I commonly used Nitrous Oxide for dentistry, but its use for an operation at Harvard in 1844 was a failure, and I died in disgrace. WHO AM I?

While I was a professor of chemistry at Harvard, I suggested to one of my medical students, W.T.G. Morton, that ether may have anesthetic properties. Having met Samuel Morse in 1832, I later declared that I myself told Morse the basic principles of the telegraph, and I initiated litigation that continued for years. WHO AM I?

On October 16, 1846 at Harvard in Boston, MA, I successfully gave ether to a patient, Bilbert Abbott, for removal of a jaw tumor. After surgery, the surgeon, Dr. J.C. Warren, stated, “ Gentlemen, this is no humbug!” I am one of two anesthesiologists to have my picture on a U.S. postage stamp. WHO AM I?

I was a physician in Georgia. In March 1842, prior to W.T.G. Morton’s demonstration at Harvard in 1846, I administered ether to a patient. I did not, however, publish my results until 1846. I used ether for the first time on March 30, 1842 to remove a tumor from the neck of a patient, James M. Venable, in Jefferson, Georgia. I subsequently removed a second tumor from Venable and used ether as an anesthetic in amputations and childbirth. WHO AM I?

I was an Ophthalmologist from Vienna, Austria. I was a personal friend of Dr. Sigmund Freud who gave me cocaine for experiments. I found that Cocaine anesthetized the cornea, and I experimented with its use as a local anesthetic. WHO AM I?

In 1899, in Kiel, Germany, I gave the first spinal anesthetic for surgery using the Quincke technique. I was a German surgeon who also developed a form of IV regional block placed between two tourniquets that has my name. WHO AM I?

We learned about the use of curare from natives in Ecuador. We collected 12 Kg of raw curare and delivered it to Squibb Pharmaceuticals. We initially were interested in Curare for the treatment of multiple sclerosis . WHO ARE WE?

After pentothal (thiopental) was introduced, I tested it extensively at the Mayo Clinic. I developed my own anesthesia machine. I was one of the key anesthesia members who started the “Anesthesia Travel Club.” WHO AM I?

I was a famous German surgeon and was the mentor of Eschmond. My name is used frequently in the OR. The name of a particular type of positioning is name after me. The word “reverse” is also used with my name. WHO AM I?

I was the first physician to devote all my time to the practice of anesthesia. I devoted my life to making the art of anesthesiology a science. I also contributed to the field of epidemiology by performing a study in London using special analysis to solve the puzzle as to why people were dying after drinking water from the Cambridge and Broad Street pump. I made a chloroform inhaler in February 1848. WHO AM I?

I was the surgeon who performed the surgery in which ether was used on October 17, 1846. Recognizing the significance of surgical anesthesia, I made the famous saying, “Gentlemen, this is no humbug.” WHO AM I?

I was an 18th Century Theologian, philosopher, educator, and political theorist who published over 150 works. I wrote about electricity. I invented soda water and discovered several gases (“airs”). I isolated “dephlogisticated air” which is also called oxygen. I produced and described nitrous oxide in 1772. WHO AM I?

I was born in Cambridge, MA on August 29,1809 and died on October 7, 1894. I attended Harvard College and the Ecolede Medecine in Paris. I was an author and professor of anatomy and physiology at Harvard. I wrote the poem, "Old Ironsides” that helped preserve the frigate USS constitution. In 1843, I wrote an article on “The Contagiousness of Perperal Fever.” In 1846, in a letter to William T.G. Morton, I coined the word, "anesthesia.” WHO AM I?

I was an 18th Century Theologian, Philosopher, educator, and political theorist who published over 150 works. I wrote about electricity, invented Soda water, and discovered several gases (“airs”). I isolated “dephlogisticated air” which is also called oxygen. I produced and described nitrous oxide in 1772. WHO AM I?

In the 1920’s, I invented a balloon catheter by cementing together a catheter, balloon, and balloon distension duct. Traction on the inflated balloon helped with hemostasis after transurethral prostatectomy. My name is mentioned everyday in the OR when a bladder catheter is inserted. WHO AM I?

I was a Harvard biophysicist who was mainly interested in botany. I designed an electrosurgical device that was used by Harvey Cushing in 1926. Surgeons state my name everyday in the OR when they want to use electrocautery. WHO AM I?

We introduced the first all-glass syringe. Maxwell Bector and Farleigh Dickinson imported my device from France in 1897. They added a threaded fitting to one of my syringes in 1925. WHO ARE WE?

While a radiology resident at the Karolhska Institute in 1952, I developed this technique of inserting large catheters percutaneously into blood vessels. You use my technique when you insert a central line or arterial line. WHO AM I?

I was a laryngologist in New York City in the early 20th century. I invented a wire ether mask that has my name. My name is also associated with the blue suction device that is used everyday in the OR. I was born in 1872 and died in 1932. WHO AM I?

While working at Middlesex hospital in London, I developed a method of applying cricoid pressure during induction of anesthesia to decrease the chances of aspiration. A “reverse” method of my maneuver has been used to pass tubes into the esophagus. WHO AM I?

I was born in 1818. My name is associated with measuring the heat corresponding to mechanical and electrical work. My unit is a metric unit with one of my units = one newton – meter = 0.2388 cal. WHO AM I?

I was Queen Victoria’s royal chemist. I synthesized quaternary amines and named them ammonium compounds. I found that they decomposed into tertiary amines upon heating at an alkaline pH. This elimination reaction was named after me. It helped identify the structure of many botanical amine drugs (i.e. morphine, nicotine, muscarine, tuborcurarine). WHO AM I?

I have studied all of the present day inhalation anesthetics from halothane to desflurane. I was instrumental in studying and developing the concept of minimum alveolar concentration (MAC). With John Severinhaus, MD, we coined the term “MAC”. I am a professor at the University of San Francisco. WHO AM I?

I was a drug initially released in 1977. Anaphylactic reactions occurred when it was synthesized with Cremophor EL. I was taken off the market, then re-released stabilized in egg lecithin, soybean oil, and glycerol. I am the most common IV induction agent used today. I am used for MAC and sedation in the ICU. WHAT AM I?

I was born on May 23, 1734 and died in March 1815. I received a grant of 30,000 francs from Louis XVI to study the magnetic influence of stars on human beings. My memoire described cures with magnets and hypnosis. I have a method of pain relief before the use of ether named after me. WHO AM I?

I was born in 1734. I was a tax collector and, unfortunately, I was beheaded in the early days of the French Revolution on May 8, 1794. I was a chemist and author of the first modern chemistry textbook. I proposed the name “oxygen” as the name of a substance isolated by Joseph Priestly who called it “dephlogisticated air.” WHO AM I?

I was born in 1778 and did pioneering work on nitrous oxide in Bristol in 1799 and 1800. I invented a miner’s safety lamp that saved many lives in British coal mines. I was a professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution in London from 1802-1812. WHO AM I?

I was a Canadian anesthetist. I introduced the use of ethylene in 1923 and cyclopropane in 1933 into Canadian anesthetic practice. On January 23, 1942, I introduced curare into anesthesia practice. I studied medicine at McGill University where my career was interrupted by World War I, where I served in a field Ambulance and was awarded the Military Medal for bravery at Vimy Ridge. WHO AM I?

I was a patient in Newcastle, England. I became the first fatality under chloroform anesthetic on January 28, 1848. WHO AM I?

I was a Greek Physician, surgeon and pharmacologist (40-90 AD) who traveled with the armies of the Roman Emperio, Nero. I wrote five books on “De Materia Medica” that were used as a pharmacology texts for 1000 years. I described sleeping potions prepared from opium and madragora which were used as surgical anesthetics. WHO AM I?

I was born on May 12, 1820, in Florence, Italy, I was the younger of two children. From a very young age, I was active in philanthropy, ministering to the ill and poor people. By the time I was 16 years old, it was clear to me that nursing was my calling. I believed it to be my divine purpose. I have a museum named after me, which sits at the site of the my original Training School for Nurses, which houses more than 2,000 artifacts commemorating the life and career of the "Angel of the Crimea." To this day, I am broadly acknowledged and revered as the pioneer of modern nursing. WHO AM I?

I was born on august 26, 1842. I died on May 19, 1922 in Frankfurt, Germany. Among my notable medical achievements, in the early 1890’s, I introduced lumbar puncture as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Nowadays, I have a type of spinal needle with a unique point named after me. WHO AM I?

I was a New Zealand-born anesthetist and the first professor of anesthetics outside the United States. On February 13, 1943, I published an article in Lancet about a laryngoscope blade that now bears my name. It is a curved laryngoscope blade whose tip fits into the vaculla. WHO AM I?

I am a drug that had been used for centuries to relieve pain, but by the year 1900, an estimated 200,000 people in the U.S. were addicted to me and my derivatives which includes such drugs as laudanum, paregoric, and morphine. On February 20, 1909, Congress passed the first law prohibiting my manufacture and sale in the U.S. WHAT AM I?

I was born in Cleveland, Ohio. I was a great neurosurgeon who practiced at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. I have disease named after me. I encouraged the evaluation and documentation of vital signs (heart rate and blood pressure) during surgery. In 1894, along with another physician named E.A. Codman, I developed the first anesthesia record. WHO AM I?

I invented the stethoscope in 1816, in France. It was a wooden tube, monoaural, and similar to a common ear trumpet. WHO AM I

I founded the first residency program at the University of Wisconsin. I was the first to use the barbiturate, thiopental, in man. WHO AM I?

I was a famous American surgeon and was one of the founders of John’s Hopkins Medical School. Under my direction, the first pair of rubber surgical gloves were made. I was one of the first American surgeons to research the use of cocaine as a local anesthetic. Unfortunately, my self-experimentation led to my addiction to cocaine. I died on September 7, 1922. WHO AM I?

I was born in Toronto, Canada in 1877. I graduated from the Boston City Hospital Training School for Nurses in 1900 and went to work at Lakeside Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio. George Crile asked me to be his anesthetist and I soon began to instruct nurses in the administration of anesthesia. I formalized the Lakeside Hospital School of Anesthesia in 1915 after my return from France, and served as director from 1915 to 1933. I was elected the first president of AANA (1931-1933) and was named Honorary President in 1933. WHO AM I?

I put together a chart which explained the depth and signs of Ether anesthesia. This was done so that the operators during the war could recognize the stages the patient was in. I am well known today for my stages of anesthesia chart and design of the oropharyngeal airway. WHO AM I?

I was a close friend and follower of Napoleon. I was an army surgeon, took part in 60 battles, 400 engagements, and was wounded three times. I accompanied Napoleon in campaigns in Egypt, Italy, Germany, Russia, and was present at the side of Napoleon at the famous Battle of Waterloo. I invented the concept of “flying ambulances” in which wounded soldiers were tended to as soon as the battle began and not at its end despite their rank or distinction, from here arose the concept of first aid to the wounded”. WHO AM I?

I was a French neurologist of Polish descent born in 1857. I am best known today for my 1896 description of a pathological plantar reflex indicative of corticospinal tract damage. I was the first to present acceptable differential-diagnostic criteria for separating hysteria from organic diseases, and coined the concept of pithiatism. WHO AM I?

I was born in February1920 in Wilmington, Delaware. I was a Jewish American thoracic surgeon credited as the inventor of a maneuver technique of abdominal thrusts for stopping choking. I invented the Micro Trach portable oxygen system for ambulatory patients. Another one of my medical inventions include a Chest Drain Valve, or "flutter valve," which drains blood and air out of the chest cavity. WHO AM I?

I was born in November 1864 in Cleveland, Ohio and best known for co-founding the Cleveland Clinic in 1921. I am the first surgeon to have succeeded in the first direct blood transfusion. I designed the first set of hemostatic forceps now known as the mosquito clamp. I first described a technique for using opioids, regional anesthesia and general anesthesia which is the concept now known as balanced anesthesia. WHO AM I?

I was born in 1900 and died in 1972. I was an outspoken proponent of the need for continuous oxygen supply during anesthesia. I came up with the idea of punching a hole on the side of most endotracheal tubes that functions as a vent, and prevents the complete obstruction of the patient’s airway. WHO AM I?

I was born in May 1922, in Madison Wisconsin. I developed the Severinghaus electrode for measurement of Carbon Dioxide. I spent most of my career as a research anesthesiologist and was able to publish 250 papers and books. WHO AM I?

I was a Scottish obstetrician born in 1811. I was the first to discover the anesthetic properties of chloroform. I was elected President of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh in 1850. WHO AM I?

I was a famous English surgeon and pathologist. I have a variety of diseases named after my last name including one relating to bone. I was born in Great Yarmouth, England on 11 January 1814 and was the son of a brewer and shipowner. WHO AM I?