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SPPH 300 Module Quizzes

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SPPH 300 Module 1-10 Quizzes
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Pregunta 1

Pregunta
What was the #1 risk factor for global DALYs in 2010?
Respuesta
  • Drug Use
  • High Blood Pressure
  • Low Physical Activity
  • Tobacco Smoking

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
Infectious diseases kill more people every year than noncommunicable diseases do.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Which of the following can facilitate analysis of the relationship between population health and spatial data?
Respuesta
  • The Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BSS)
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  • The Routine Health Information Network (RHINO)
  • The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
According to the article, which of the following is NOT one of the three global drivers of rapid transitions in global health?
Respuesta
  • Changes in causes of death
  • Changes in causes of disability
  • Demographic changes
  • Migration

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
How many Sustainable Development Goals are there?
Respuesta
  • 10
  • 15
  • 17
  • 20

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Which of the following MDG targets have been met?
Respuesta
  • HIV
  • TB
  • Malaria
  • All of the above

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
What component of the United Nations authorizes the adoption of international development goals, including the SDGs and the MDGs?
Respuesta
  • The General Assembly
  • The Secretariat
  • The Security Council
  • The Trusteeship Council

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Approximately how many Global Health Initiatives (GHIs) currently exist?
Respuesta
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 200

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
What is the number one cause of death throughout the world?
Respuesta
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Ischemic Heart Disease
  • Malnutrition
  • Cancer

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Which of the following is a key difference between global health estimates that come from UN Agencies compared to those from academic institutions?
Respuesta
  • Amount of time taken for analysis
  • Degree of rigor
  • Reputation of the authors
  • Underlying data source

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
_______ describes “the freedom, scope, and mechanisms that governments have to choose, design and implement public policies to fulfill their aims”
Respuesta
  • Chronicity
  • Free will
  • Policy capacity
  • Policy space

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
International travel with the purpose of seeking medical care, including surgeries, is rare and does not significantly contribute to the global spread of infections.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
What is the main source of healthcare financing in low income countries?
Respuesta
  • Private prepaid plans
  • Out of pocket spending
  • Social health insurance
  • Territorial government

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
International trade mainly impacts infectious disease transmission, and has little effect on the global spread of chronic diseases.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
______ is a worldwide communication and data collection network of travel and tropical medicine clinics started more than a decade ago that systematically gathers information on ill international travelers and migrants.
Respuesta
  • The GeoSentinel Network
  • The Centers for Disease Control
  • The Global Burden of Disease
  • The Travelers Illness Database

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
As of 2015, how many countries did not meet the 2006 World Health Report threshold of 22.8 skilled health professionals per 10 000 population?
Respuesta
  • 103
  • 83
  • 63
  • 43

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
During the 1980s and 1990s, international financial institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), embraced a set of economic policies known as:
Respuesta
  • the Kyoto Protocol
  • the North American Free Trade Agreement
  • the Paris Agreement
  • the Washington Concensus

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
The International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) came out of the:
Respuesta
  • Alma Ata Conference
  • Geneva Conference
  • Bretton Woods Negotiations
  • Paris Agreement

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
Globally, approximately how many people are pushed below the poverty line each year due to spending on healthcare?
Respuesta
  • 500 million
  • 100 million
  • 50 million
  • 1 million

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
The global deficit of health workers is approximately:
Respuesta
  • 10.2 million
  • 7.2 million
  • 5.2 million
  • 1.2 million

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
What pollutant affects more people than any other type?
Respuesta
  • Nitrogen dioxide
  • Ozone
  • Particulate matter
  • Sulfur dioxide

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
What percentage of Canadian households is estimated to experience food insecurity?
Respuesta
  • 12%
  • 9%
  • 6%
  • 3%

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
The right of peoples and sovereign states to democratically determine their own agricultural and food policies is known as:
Respuesta
  • Food policy
  • Food safety
  • Food security
  • Food sovereignty

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Unfair systematic differences in health that are judged to be avoidable by reasonable action are known as:
Respuesta
  • Social determinant of health
  • Health inequity
  • Health circumstances
  • Lived experience

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
The valued social networks and reciprocal social bonds that sustain human engagement and cooperation are known as:
Respuesta
  • communities of care
  • the human connection
  • social capital
  • systems of value

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
The World Health Organization estimates that the majority (80%) of outdoor air pollution-related premature deaths are the result of:
Respuesta
  • Emphysema
  • Lower respiratory infections
  • Lung cancer
  • Ischemic heart disease or stroke

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
True or False: Both of the global Millenium Development Goal (MDG) targets for drinking water and sanitation were met.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
Respuesta
  • Age
  • Disability
  • Education
  • Income status

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
_____ refers to the idea that each culture has developed its own ways of solving the problems of how to live together, obtain the essentials of life--such as food and shelter--and explain phenomena.
Respuesta
  • Cultural appropriation
  • Cultural competence
  • Cultural relativism
  • Cultural safety

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions is known as:
Respuesta
  • Education level
  • Empowerment
  • Health literacy
  • Individual agency

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a major provider of funding for global health?
Respuesta
  • Governments
  • Private Foundations
  • Individuals
  • Businesses/ the private sector
  • Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
Who was the first director general of the World Health Organization (WHO)?
Respuesta
  • Hiroshi Nakajima
  • Brock Chisholm
  • Marcolino Candau
  • Margaret Chan

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
Under the governance principles of the UN system, _______ functions as the central governing body of the World Health Organization and is responsible for appointing the Director General, overseeing all major decision making, and approving the program budget.
Respuesta
  • The Economic and Social Council
  • The General Assembly
  • The Secretariat
  • The World Health Assembly

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
The bilateral aid agency of the United Kingdom is called:
Respuesta
  • The Department for International Development (DFID)
  • The United Agency for International Development (UAID)
  • The Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade, and Development (DFATD)
  • None of the above

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an example of which of the following:
Respuesta
  • A bilateral aid agency
  • A global health partnership (GHP)
  • An inter-governmental organization
  • A private foundation

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
A large number of global health actors support the sharing of intellectual property, guideline development, and surveillance activities.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
The network of transnational actors that have a primary intent to improve health and the polylateral arrangements for governance, finance and delivery within which these actors operate is known as:
Respuesta
  • The Global Health System
  • The World Health Organization
  • The International Health Network
  • The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
The Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) was founded before the World Health Organization (WHO).
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
Which foundation was a significant player in international health in the early 20th century?
Respuesta
  • Bloomberg Philanthropies
  • The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
  • The McKnight Foundation
  • The Rockefeller Foundation

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
The Roll Back Malaria (RBM) Partnership was initiated by the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, UNDP, and the World Bank. When was RBM founded?
Respuesta
  • 1975
  • 1988
  • 1998
  • 2015

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
The process by which populations shift from high rates of infectious disease and short life expectancies to increasing rates of chronic non-communicable diseases that have time to develop over longer life expectancies is known as: ______.
Respuesta
  • Development
  • The epidemiologic transition
  • The health transition

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
Which of the following is essential for a successful multicultural collaboration?
Respuesta
  • Geographic proximity
  • Shared beliefs and values
  • Shared language
  • Shared purpose

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Critical reflectivity is a highly structured process that should be practiced according to specific guides.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
People or groups that are indirectly affected, either positively or negatively, by an effort or the actions of an agency, institution, or organization are known as:
Respuesta
  • Key stakeholders
  • Primary stakeholders
  • Secondary stakeholders
  • Non-stakeholders

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
To build trust, what should be the first task of any public health intervention?
Respuesta
  • Establish clear communication channels with the media
  • Seek permission and get buy-in from local authorities
  • Reach out to local communities

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
_______ is an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide while emphasizing transnational health issues, determinants, and solutions, involving many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration, and synthasizing population based prevention with individual-level clinical care.
Respuesta
  • Global Health
  • Public Health
  • International Health

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
Individuals and groups who have an interest or share responsibilities in a given issue, such as policymakers, community leaders, special groups, and community members are known as:
Respuesta
  • Stakeholders
  • Communities
  • Vulnerable populations

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a major macro-level challenge that global health will likely face in the next decade?
Respuesta
  • Climate Change
  • The dramatic rise of infectious diseases
  • Disaster and conflict
  • Longevity and ageing
  • Urbanization

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
Which of the following can lead to distrust in public health?
Respuesta
  • Lack of understanding of cultures
  • Leadership influence
  • Myths about health
  • Poor communication
  • All of the above

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a goal of community engagement in research?
Respuesta
  • To assess the contextual acceptability of research
  • To avoid exploitation
  • To bring money to communities
  • To ensure the relevance of findings

Pregunta 51

Pregunta
The balancing of the positive features and benefits of a particular intervention, policy, or research study against its negative features and effects, when deciding whether or not to implement it is known as:
Respuesta
  • Distributive Justice
  • Egalitarianism
  • Procedural Justice
  • Proportionality

Pregunta 52

Pregunta
When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted?
Respuesta
  • 1968
  • 1958
  • 1948
  • 1938

Pregunta 53

Pregunta
Procedures for obtaining informed consent should always be the same, even in different cultural context, in order to maintain consistency and rigor.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 54

Pregunta
Prevention efforts that aim to shorten the duration of a condition after infection or onset are known as:
Respuesta
  • Primary
  • Secondary
  • Tertiary
  • None of the above

Pregunta 55

Pregunta
The primary document that governs human subjects research in Canada is:
Respuesta
  • The Tri Council Policy Statement
  • The Nuremburg Code
  • The Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine
  • All of the above

Pregunta 56

Pregunta
Colonialism plays a fundamental role in the history of the field of global public health
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 57

Pregunta
Which of the following are guidelines for the international conduct of research?
Respuesta
  • the Nuremburg Code
  • the Bretton Woods Agreement
  • the Paris Declaration
  • the TRIPS Agreement

Pregunta 58

Pregunta
Angelina is training to be a medical doctor and will be travelling to a developing country for a rotation. What are some steps that Angelina can take to help her adapt her skills to resource-limited settings?
Respuesta
  • Ask for guidance
  • Educate herself prior to departure
  • Travel to established programs or sites
  • All of the above

Pregunta 59

Pregunta
According to the psychosocial model of complete patient care, physicians must address not only a patient’s physical ailments, but his psychological and social needs as well.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 60

Pregunta
High-income countries spend about how many times more on health per capita than low-income countries?
Respuesta
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 200

Pregunta 61

Pregunta
Which of the following is an essential right that states must fulfill under the 'core minimum obligation'?
Respuesta
  • Access to the minimum essential food which is nutritionally adequate and safe
  • Access to shelter, housing and sanitation and an adequate supply of safe drinking water
  • The provision of essential drugs
  • All of the above

Pregunta 62

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for low- and middle-income countries to address healthcare worker migration?
Respuesta
  • Diversify skill-mix
  • Increase health worker wages to match those in developed countries
  • Place emphasis on non-wage retention strategies
  • Promote circular migration

Pregunta 63

Pregunta
Which of the following is widely considered to be the central instrument of protection of the right to health?
Respuesta
  • The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
  • The Nuremburg Code
  • The TRIPS Agreement
  • The Vienna Declaration

Pregunta 64

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT one of the four criteria by which to evaluate the right to health--according to General Comment 14 on the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights?
Respuesta
  • Availability
  • Accessability
  • Acceptability
  • Quality
  • Quantity

Pregunta 65

Pregunta
Trained and authorized health workers in communities carrying out a variety of healthcare tasks is known as _________.
Respuesta
  • Community leadership
  • Offloading
  • Task sharing
  • Traditional Medicine

Pregunta 66

Pregunta
_____________ is a programming strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) that was popularized in the 1970s. This strategy represented the WHO's effort to re-engage with human rights language.
Respuesta
  • Health in All Policies
  • Health for All
  • The Declaration of Alma Ata
  • Health as a Human Right

Pregunta 67

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a key principle of Community Based Participatory Research?
Respuesta
  • Continually facilitating collaboration and partnership in each phase of the research
  • Interrogating knowledge and action
  • Partnering on the dissemination of research findings
  • Researchers clearly determine the research question before engaging the community

Pregunta 68

Pregunta
The principle of _________ seeks to guarantee that human rights are exercised without discrimination of any kind based on race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status such as disability, age, marital and family status, sexual orientation and gender identity, health status, place of residence, economic and social situation.
Respuesta
  • Accountability
  • Fairness
  • Non-discrimination
  • Universality

Pregunta 69

Pregunta
According to World Health Organization estimates, what is the minimum annual cost per person (excluding basic needs) to ensure the right to health?
Respuesta
  • $20 USD
  • $40 USD
  • $100USD
  • $500USD

Pregunta 70

Pregunta
Systematic, plausibly avoidable differences in health, varying according to levels of social advantage, are known as:
Respuesta
  • Health inequities
  • Poverty
  • Disadvantage
  • Health differences

Pregunta 71

Pregunta
The permanence of structures, roles, and processes for prolonged periods of time (sometimes despite preferable alternatives) is known as _______. This phenomena can stifle economic and health systems development, particularly when created to privilege the interests of particular groups in society.
Respuesta
  • Organizational norms
  • Path dependence
  • Resistance to change
  • Rigidity

Pregunta 72

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven main perspectives within the discipline of organizational studies?
Respuesta
  • Contingency
  • Complexity
  • Institutional
  • Relational

Pregunta 73

Pregunta
_________ is an initiative that was created by The World Health Organization (WHO) to provide free access to thousands of journals for low- and middle-income institutions.
Respuesta
  • Data Repository
  • FOSCOLLAB
  • HINARI
  • WHOLIS

Pregunta 74

Pregunta
The existence of structures and processes that allow a program to leverage resources to effectively implement and maintain evidence-based policies and activities is known as:
Respuesta
  • Sustainability capacity
  • Organizational bandwidth
  • Health impact synergy
  • Knowledge and information management

Pregunta 75

Pregunta
Which of the following is a benefit of a community dialogue?
Respuesta
  • Build the capacity of the group to act on ideas
  • Focus corporate and organizational investment towards community benefit
  • Generate local media attention
  • All of the above

Pregunta 76

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT an international document that is focused on the importance of country ownership in development?
Respuesta
  • The Accra Agenda for Action (2008)
  • The Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005)
  • Guidelines from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria
  • The Paris Agreement (2016)

Pregunta 77

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a prerequisite of effective research?
Respuesta
  • Individual research skills and ability
  • Appropriate infrastructure
  • Relevance to national policies
  • The ability to contribute to global research and policy needs
  • Technological advancements

Pregunta 78

Pregunta
A community asset can be:
Respuesta
  • A person
  • A physical structure
  • A community service
  • A business
  • All of the above

Pregunta 79

Pregunta
Which of the following has been a criticism of the term 'community capacity building'?
Respuesta
  • it is too expensive to conduct
  • it implies that experts ‘teach’ communities what to do
  • it takes too much time
  • communities do not want to build their own capacity

Pregunta 80

Pregunta
According to The WHO European Office for Investment for Health Development, the resources that individuals and communities have at their disposal, which protect against negative health outcomes and/or promote health status are known as:
Respuesta
  • Health assets
  • Strengths
  • Health promotion skills
  • All of the above

Pregunta 81

Pregunta
What report or document is called for at the beginning of the project lifecycle?
Respuesta
  • Project Initiation Document (PID)
  • Project Planning Document (PPD)
  • Progress Report
  • None of the above

Pregunta 82

Pregunta
Circumstances beyond the control of the project manager or government that might impact the success of an international development project are known as _________.
Respuesta
  • Cultural factors
  • Managerial factors
  • Physical factors
  • None of the above

Pregunta 83

Pregunta
__________ is intended to help plan effectively for a project by breaking key tasks or activities into more manageable and smaller units of work.
Respuesta
  • Critical path analysis
  • Gantt chart
  • Resource histogram
  • Work breakdown structure (WBS)

Pregunta 84

Pregunta
The specific changes in program participants’ behavior, knowledge, skills, status and level of functioning are known as __________.
Respuesta
  • Goals
  • Objectives
  • Outcomes
  • Outputs

Pregunta 85

Pregunta
Which of the following is a systematic and visual way to represent how a program works?
Respuesta
  • A Logic Model
  • The Planning Cycle
  • Program Framework
  • None of the above

Pregunta 86

Pregunta
Which of the following is a horizontal bar chart used in project scheduling?
Respuesta
  • A critical path analysis
  • A cost breakdown structure
  • A Gantt chart
  • A histogram

Pregunta 87

Pregunta
Which of the following is a limitation of the logic model?
Respuesta
  • It may be incorrect
  • Establishing boundaries for inclusion can be a barrier
  • Time consuming to create
  • All of the above

Pregunta 88

Pregunta
As the gold standard for evidence in public health, public health interventions, priorities, and policies should always be grounded in randomized control trials.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 89

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT a reason why the logic model is an effective tool in program design, implementation, and evaluation?
Respuesta
  • It logically links activities and effects
  • It is visually engaging
  • It provokes thought and triggers questions
  • It includes forces known to influence the desired outcomes
  • It displays the 'whole picture' of what is going on with a project

Pregunta 90

Pregunta
Which of the following types of statements are based on the results of Randomized Control Studies?
Respuesta
  • Plausability statements
  • Probability statements
  • Adequacy statements
  • All of the above

Pregunta 91

Pregunta
Which of the following should NOT be included in a situation analysis?
Respuesta
  • A comprehensive plan for program implementation
  • Facts describing the epidemiology, demography and health status of a population
  • An assessment of the current health situation as compared to the expectations and needs of a country
  • An assessment of stakeholder positions

Pregunta 92

Pregunta
A situation analysis is a collection of facts describing the epidemiology, demography and health status of the population.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 93

Pregunta
When should community needs and assets be assessed?
Respuesta
  • Prior to planning a global health intervention
  • During program implementation
  • At the end of a program
  • Multiple times on an ongoing basis throughout all program stages

Pregunta 94

Pregunta
It is more important to assess community needs than it is to assess community assets and resources.
Respuesta
  • False
  • True

Pregunta 95

Pregunta
Individual-level interventions are characterized by higher levels of personal interaction between the targets of the interventions and their providers and are more likely to be based on psychosocial or biomedical explanations for behavior.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 96

Pregunta
Systems thinking is specific to the field of public health.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 97

Pregunta
Advertisements by a national government encouraging physical activity in its populace are an example of what level of intervention?
Respuesta
  • individual level
  • organizational level
  • community level
  • societal (population) level

Pregunta 98

Pregunta
An intervention to get hospitalized cancer patients to give up smoking to promote recovery from their surgery is an example of what type of health intervention?
Respuesta
  • Primary
  • Secondary
  • Tertiary
  • None of the above

Pregunta 99

Pregunta
Community leaders and policy makers are examples of:
Respuesta
  • Agents of change
  • Targets of change
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Pregunta 100

Pregunta
Which of the following is NOT one of the four areas that a situation analysis gathers information in?
Respuesta
  • The problem, its severity and its causes
  • The people affected by the problem
  • The broad context in which the problem exists
  • Factors inhibiting or facilitating behavior change
  • Financial resources for potential interventions
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