7346876
Descripción
Test por Rachel Smith, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Rachel Smith
hace casi 8 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
You have been asked to assess and change a child’s disruptive behaviour *at school*. The teacher reports that he engages in the behaviour most during maths class. When is the best time to observe?
Respuesta
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During maths lessons.
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During all lessons.
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At home.
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During school and at home.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
The research approach that looks at generating theories from carefully collected data is called...
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behaviour analysis.
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deduction.
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induction.
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the scientific method.
Pregunta 3
Respuesta
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The data show a decreasing trend.
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The data show an increasing trend.
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The data show positive behaviour change.
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The data show negative behaviour change.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following is accurate from the perspective of behaviour analysis?
Respuesta
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Positive means additive and negative means subtractive.
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Positive means good and negative means bad.
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Positive means in the desired direction and negative means contrary to the desired direction.
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Positive means reinforcing and negative means punishing.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Behaviour analysts look for causes of psychological behaviour in the...
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mind.
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behaver’s repertoire.
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DSM.
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environment.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
The best reference for your scientific work is...
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Google Scholar.
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Wikipedia.
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your textbook.
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a peer-reviewed journal.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Behaviour can be defined as...
Respuesta
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anything a person does.
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the interaction of an organism in an environment.
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thoughts and feelings.
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A and B.
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all of the above.
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following is a principle?
Respuesta
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Shaping
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Reinforcement
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Chaining
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Discrimination Training
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which of the following is incorrect in regards to behaviour?
Respuesta
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The horde behaved like hungry hyenas.
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A combatant checked that the supplies were packed safely.
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A Healer observed an infected person and took notes.
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The General gave an order.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The use of visual analysis requires which of the following assumptions?
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That the data are accurate.
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That all variables (other than the independent variable) were held consistent across phases.
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That the baseline comes first followed by intervention.
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A and B.
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All of the above.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Visual analysis involves looking at the level, trend, and ______________ of the data.
Respuesta
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generality
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variability
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mean
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
A common assumption in social science is that variability is ____________ to the individual.
Respuesta
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intrinsic
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uncontrollable
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extrinsic
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
_______________ are tentative statements for which further support is sought.
Respuesta
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theories
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hypotheses
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hypothetico-deductions
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Behaviour analysis ______________ ‘off-the-shelf’ designs for particular research questions.
Respuesta
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does not have
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deductively use
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uses
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
_____________ of behaviour describes a functional relation between behaviour and controlling variables.
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tactic
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theory
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principle
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Inductive approaches involve __________________________________.
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giving prominence to hypothesis testing
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giving prominence to theory rather than data
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giving prominence to data rather than theory
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Dissimilarity of scores in an experimental condition is called __________.
Respuesta
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trend
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variability
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stability
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
When changes in behaviour result from the intervention are meaningful and useful, they are ____________________.
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reliable and significant
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statistically significant
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clinically significant
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
A / an __________________ is a brief but specific statement of what the researcher wants to learn from conducting the experiment.
Respuesta
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induction
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hypothesis
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experimental question
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Beginning with a measure of an individual’s behaviour against which an independent variable is measured is called _________________________.
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establishing a baseline
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developing an hypothesis
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measuring trend
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
In his book The Behavior of Organisms (1938) Skinner described a science called the ________________________ of behaviour.
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experimental analysis
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applied analysis
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behavioural analysis
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
________________ is antithetical to determinism, which specifies that behaviour is lawful.
Respuesta
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Empiricism
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Mentalism
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Accidentalism
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Radical behaviourism does not ignore thoughts and feelings, but treats them like other operant behaviours and calls them _____________________.
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emotive behaviour
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private events
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private occurrences
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
_____________________ are circular arguments that do not help to explain behaviour.
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Parsimonious fictions
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Fictitious explanations
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Explanatory fictions
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The principle that conclusions drawn from scientific manipulation are tentative is that of __________________.
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philosophic doubt
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scientific doubt
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empiricism
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
A behaviour analyst may use _________________________________.
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discrete trial teaching as the main approach
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discrete trial teaching, but only for children with autism
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some discrete trial teaching
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
_____________________ refers to a variety of techniques designed to reduce the stimulation directly produced by a response.
Respuesta
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Planned ignoring
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Sensory extinction
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Escape extinction
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Allen et al. (2013) found that the presence of manic episode in a woman with schizoaffective disorder and an intellectual disability made challenging behaviour sensitive to attention. This indicated that her challenging behaviour was likely maintained by ______________________.
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negative reinforcement
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positive punishment
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positive reinforcement
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Escape extinction is __________________ for behaviours maintained by social attention.
Respuesta
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irrelevant
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recommended
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contraindicated
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Holtyn et al. (2014) used negative reinforcement to increase drug abstinence by introducing a _________________ contingent on an employee producing a urine sample showing drug use.
Respuesta
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pay rise
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base pay rest
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token economy
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The experimental analysis of behaviour as defined by Skinner, involves:
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Mentalisms
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Hypothetical constructs
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A focus on the environment
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B and C
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
The smell of live flesh makes the Infecteds’ eyes dilate like a shark’s do. The smell of live flesh is a / an:
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Unconditioned stimulus
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Conditioned stimulus
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Unconditioned response
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Neutral stimulus
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
The Healers turn the lights to red when they enter the quarantine area where the Infected are being rehabilitated. When the lights go red, the Infecteds’ eyes dilate. The lights are now a / an:
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Unconditioned stimulus
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Conditioned stimulus
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Unconditioned response
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Neutral stimulus
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
The Infecteds’ eyes dilating can be an example of a / an:
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Unconditioned response
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Conditioned response
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Neutral response
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A and B
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
The dimension of applied behaviour analysis ‘generality’ refers to:
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Behaviour change being meaningful
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Behaviour change persisting across time
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Behaviour change persisting across time and across settings
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Behaviour change methods are described in detail
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
We can train dogs to sniff out Infected that are hiding in wooded areas. If we say that the dogs do this because we reinforce their behaviour rather than because the dogs’ ids have an internal desire to hunt the Infected, we are being:
Respuesta
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deterministic
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philosophically doubtful
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empirical
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parsimonious
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
‘The Infected can hunt people because they are intelligent’ is:
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An explanatory fiction
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A scientific manipulation
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A pragmatism
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A good description of behaviour
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
How are reinforcement and bribery different?
Respuesta
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Bribery doesn’t work
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Reinforcement doesn’t work
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Bribery precedes behaviour and benefits the briber, reinforcement follows behaviour and is intended to benefit the learner
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Reinforcement follows behaviour and benefits the person reinforcing the behaviour, bribery precedes a behaviour and benefits the briber
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Removing reinforcement for a previously reinforced behaviour is:
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Punishment
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Ignoring
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Extinction but is never ignoring
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Extinction and can be ignoring
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Motivating operations...
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Permanently change the value of a reinforcer and frequency of behaviours previously reinforced by that reinforcer
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Momentarily change the value of a reinforcer and frequency of behaviours previously reinforced by that reinforcer
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deprivation
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the value of a punisher
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