Pregunta 1
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Identical twins reared together tend to be about as similar in their personality traits as identical twins reared apart.
Pregunta 2
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Environmental factors shared among members of the same family play an important role in the causes of most personality traits in adulthood.
Pregunta 3
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Birth order is weakly related to most personality traits.
Pregunta 4
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Freud believed that sex was the only important drive in personality.
Pregunta 5
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Freudians would say that most persons with very high opinions of themselves have overdeveloped egos.
Pregunta 6
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According to Freudians, a given dream symbol (such as a snake) does not have the same underlying meaning for every dreamer.
Pregunta 7
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According to Freud, a person who is orally fixated would be likely to drink excessively.
Pregunta 8
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One strength of Freudian theory is that many of its predictions are hard to disprove.
Pregunta 9
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Most neo-Freudian therapists, such as Adler, placed less emphasis on social influences on personality development than did Freud.
Pregunta 10
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For radical behaviourists, our personalities are bundles of habits influenced by learning.
Pregunta 11
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Radical behaviourists argue that we are sometimes 'unconscious' of the true causes of our behaviour.
Pregunta 12
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Social learning theorists believe that observational learning is a key form of learning in addition to classical and operant conditioning.
Pregunta 13
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According to social learning theorists, individuals with an internal locus of control are more prone to depression than individuals with an external locus of control.
Pregunta 14
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According to Rogers, human nature is inherently positive.
Pregunta 15
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Rogers believed that only severely disturbed people aquire conditions of worth.
Pregunta 16
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Maslow claimed that almost all self-actualised individuals are sociable and easy to get along with.
Pregunta 17
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Many claims of humanistic models are difficult to test.
Pregunta 18
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One limitation of the big five model is that researchers have identified these traits only in American culture.
Pregunta 19
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Research demonstrates that after late childhood, the levels of most personality traits virtually never change over the life span.
Pregunta 20
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Personality traits typically predict behaviour in a single situation with high levels of accuracy.
Pregunta 21
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According to Eysenck, extraverts tend to be less aroused than introverts.
Pregunta 22
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Items with low face validity tend to be especially easy for respondents to fake.
Pregunta 23
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Simple formulas that can be programmed into computers yeild MMPI-2 interpretations equal or superior to those of experienced clinicians.
Pregunta 24
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Adding the Rorschach Inkblot Test to other measures in a test battery sometimes produces significant decreases in validity.
Pregunta 25
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The more detailed and specific an astrological horoscope is about someone's personality traits, the more likely that person will perceive it as accurate.
Pregunta 26
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Researchers suggest that although students sometimes fall victim to illusory correlation, experienced clinicians do not.