7748141
Descripción
Test por Jack Fawsitt, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Jack Fawsitt
hace casi 8 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Conscious proprioception information (kinaesthesia) is relayed from the forelimb to conscious level by the following tract system?
Respuesta
-
Cuneate tract
-
Gracile tract
-
Dorsal spinocerebellar tract
-
Ventral spinocerebellar tract
-
Spinothalamic tract
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following would most strongly suggest a diagnosis of Horner's Syndrome?
Respuesta
-
Droopy eyelid, constricted pupil, retraction of 3rd eyelid
-
Droopy eyelid, constricted pupil, protrusion of 3rd eyelid
-
Droopy eyelid, no change in pupil size, retraction of 3rd eyelid
-
Droopy eyelid, dilated pupil, retraction of 3rd eyelid
-
Droopy eyelid, dilated pupil, protrusion of 3rd eyelid
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What is the location of the cell bodies of the post-ganglionic nerves that supply the structures of the head?
Respuesta
-
Middle cervical ganglion
-
Lateral horn of thoracic spinal cord
-
Atellate ganglion
-
Cranial cervical ganglion
-
Basal ganglion
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
From what part of the spinal cord does sympathetic nerve supply to the head arise?
Respuesta
-
Cervical segments 3 - 5
-
Cervical segments 5 - 8
-
Thoracic segments 5 - 10
-
Cervical segments 1 - 3
-
Thoracic segments 1 - 3
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
The CN V(1) opthalmic branch of the tigeminal CN provides sensory input to?
(may be more than one correct answer)
Respuesta
-
Upper eye lid
-
Cornea
-
Lower eye lid
-
Orbicularis oculi
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
The CN V(2) maxillary branch of the tigeminal CN provides sensory input to?
(may be more than one correct answer)
Respuesta
-
Lower eye lid
-
Horn (corneal branch)
-
Upper eyelid
-
Cornea
-
Orbicularis oculi
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which structures are innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
(more than one answer)
Respuesta
-
Smooth muscle
-
Cardiac muscle
-
Glandular tissue
-
Skeletal muscle
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
The preganglionic fibres of the sympathetic pathway are relatively shorter than the postganglionic.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The postganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic pathway are relatively shorter than the preganglionic.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The sympathetic pathway is described as having a thoracolumbar outflow.
Which segments of the spinal cord is this restricted to?
Respuesta
-
Cervical
-
Thoracic
-
Lumbar
-
Sacral
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The parasympathetic pathway is described as having a Craniosacral outflow. What structures is this restricted to?
Respuesta
-
Brain
-
Sacral
-
Lumbar
-
Thoracic
-
Cervical
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Where are preganglionic nuclei of the ANS located in then spinal cord?
Respuesta
-
Lateral horn of spinal cord- grey matter
-
Dorsal root
-
Ventral horn of grey matter
-
Ventral root
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Which below are divisions of the sympathetic ANS?
Respuesta
-
Cervicothoracic ganglion
-
Vertebral nerve
-
Cranial cervical ganglion
-
Splanchnic nerve
-
Collateral ganglia
-
Hypogastric nerve
-
Sympathetic trunk
-
Pelvic nerve
-
CN VII
-
CN III
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which below are divisions of the parasympathetic ANS?
Respuesta
-
CN III
-
CN VII
-
CN IX
-
CN X
-
Pelvic nerve
-
Hypogastric nerve
-
Splanchnic nerve
-
Cranial cerivical ganglion
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which options below form the Medial lemniscal system. A spinal cord sensory pathway.
Respuesta
-
Dorsal columns
-
Spinothalamic tracts
-
Spinocervicothalamic tracts
-
Spinoreticular tracts
-
Spinocerebellar tracts
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What below are properties of the medial lemniscal system?
Respuesta
-
3 chain neuron pathway
-
Contralateral relay
-
Bilateral relay
-
Thalamus interprets before reaching conscious level
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
What below are properties of the medial Spinoreticular tracts (ascending reticular formation)?
Respuesta
-
Bilateral relay close to midline
-
Multineurons
-
Finely myelinated
-
Diffuse relay to cortex
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Spinocerebellar tracts properties:
Respuesta
-
Ipsilateral
-
Unconscious proprioception
-
Contralateral relay
-
Bilateral relay
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The Pyramidal system (corticospinal) properties.
Respuesta
-
Lower motor neurons
-
Upper motor neurons
-
Interneurons can be present in spinal cord
-
single neuron from CNS to spinal cord
-
Innervate skeletal muscle
-
Contralateral relay
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which tracts form the extrapyramidal system?
Respuesta
-
Rubrospinal tract
-
Reticulospinal tract
-
Vestibulospinal tract
-
Tectospinal tract
-
Corticospinal
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which tract below also has a ipsilateral relay in addition to contralateral?
Respuesta
-
Vestibulospinal tract
-
Rubrospinal tract
-
Reticulospinal tract
-
Tectospinal tract
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
The red nucleus in the midbrain leads to which tract?
Respuesta
-
Rubrospinal tract
-
Reticulospinal tract
-
Tectospinal
-
Vestibulospinal
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
All postganglionic sympathetic fibres are adrenergic. (Release norepinephrine)
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
All preganglionic fibres of both para and sympathetic release acetylcholine.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
The exception to the release of adrenaline from only postganglionic cells occurs from?
Respuesta
-
Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla
-
Hypothalamus
-
Pituitary gland
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor activates phospholipase C to increase intracellular second messengers IP3 and DAG to ultimately stimulate release of Ca2+.
Respuesta
-
Alpha
-
Beta
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor activates adenyl cyclase to increase intracellular cAMP which activates PKA leading to a positive iontropic response?
Respuesta
-
Beta
-
Alpha
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors once activated results in.....
A drug with this effect is Midodrine.
Respuesta
-
Vasoconstriction
-
Raise heart rate
-
Relax bronchi
-
Relax bladder
-
Sedation
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors once activated results in.....
A drug with this effect is Xylazine.
Respuesta
-
Sedation. Muscle relaxation.
-
Vasoconstriction
-
Raise heart rate
-
Relax bronchi
-
Relax blader
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Beta 1 adrenergic receptors once activated results in.....
A drug with this effect is Isoprenaline.
Respuesta
-
Raise heart rate
-
Relax bronchi
-
Relax bladder
-
Vasoconstriction
-
Sedation
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Beta 2 adrenergic receptors once activated results in.....
A drug with this effect is Salbutamol.
Respuesta
-
Relax bronchi
-
Raise heart rate
-
Relax bladder
-
Vasoconstriction
-
Sedation
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Beta 3 adrenergic receptors once activated results in.....
A drug with this effect is solabegron.
Respuesta
-
Relaxes bladder
-
Raise heart rate
-
Relax bronchi
-
Vasoconstriction
-
Sedation
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
An antagonist drug of beta 1/2 known as Propanolol is used for?
Respuesta
-
Treat anxiety
-
Reduce blood pressure
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
An antagonist drug of Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors known as Doxazosin is used for?
Respuesta
-
Reduce blood pressure
-
Treat anxiety
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
An antagonist drug of alpha 2 adrenergic receptors known as Phentolamine is used for?
Respuesta
-
Reduce blood pressure
-
Treat anxiety
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
The action of Beta 2 and Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors is important with regards to vascular smooth muscle.
Beta 2- relaxation Alpha 1- constriction. What does epinephrine have a higher affinity for?
Respuesta
-
Beta 2
-
Alpha 1
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
The action of Beta 2 and Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors is important with regards to vascular smooth muscle.
Beta 2- relaxation Alpha 1- constriction. Which receptor is there more of?
Respuesta
-
Alpha 1
-
Beta 2
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor once activated leads to increased contractility of the heart?
Respuesta
-
Beta 1
-
Alpha 1
-
Alpha 2
-
Beta 2
-
Beta 3
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor once activated leads to constriction of arterioles?
(may be more than one)
Respuesta
-
Alpha 1
-
Alpha 2
-
Beta 1
-
Beta 2
-
Beta 3
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor once activated leads to dilation of the arterioles?
Respuesta
-
Beta 2
-
Beta 1
-
Beta 3
-
Alpha 1
-
Alpha 2
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor once activated leads to relaxation of the bronchial muscle?
Respuesta
-
Beta 2
-
Alpha 1
-
Alpha 2
-
Beta 1
-
Beta 3
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor(s) once activated leads to relaxation of the GI muscle?
(May be more than one)
Respuesta
-
Alpha 1
-
Alpha 2
-
Beta 2
-
Beta 1
-
Beta 3
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor once activated leads to relaxation of the uterus?
Respuesta
-
Beta 2
-
Beta 1
-
Beta 3
-
Alpha 1
-
Alpha 2
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor once activated leads to reduced insulin secretion from the pancreas?
Respuesta
-
Alpha 2
-
Alpha 1
-
Beta 1
-
Beta 2
-
Beta 3
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor once activated leads to increased insulin secretion from the pancreas?
Respuesta
-
Beta 2
-
Beta 1
-
Beta 3
-
Alpha 1
-
Alpha 2
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Which Muscarinic receptor from the parasympathetic nervous system stimulates gastric secretion?
Respuesta
-
M1
-
M2
-
M3
-
M4 & M5
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Which Muscarinic receptor from the parasympathetic nervous system slows heart rate?
Respuesta
-
M1
-
M2
-
M3
-
M4 & M5
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Which Muscarinic receptor from the parasympathetic nervous system mediate lacrimal salivary gland secretion and gut smooth muscle contraction?
Respuesta
-
M3
-
M1
-
M2
-
M4 & M5
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Which Muscarinic receptor from the parasympathetic nervous system mediate adrenaline secretion from the adrenal medulla?
Respuesta
-
M4 & M5
-
M1
-
M2
-
M3
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
What is the neurotransmitter of the somatic nervous system?
Respuesta
-
Acetylcholine
-
Epinephrine
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
What receptor is ligand gated and found at the neuromuscular junction?
Respuesta
-
Nicotinic
-
Muscarinic
-
Adrenergic
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