8192281
Descripción
Test por Idont Evencare, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Idont Evencare
hace más de 7 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Melanocytes are
Respuesta
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located in epidermis
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located in dermis
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originated from the neural crest
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originated from adipoblasts
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dendritic cells
-
pseudo-unipolar cells
-
place of melanin anabolism
-
place of melanin catabolism
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which of the following is the correct pathway of melanin synthesis?
Respuesta
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Tyrosine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> di-hydroxy phenylalanine (oxidation by tyrosinase) --> melanin
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Tyrosine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> di-hydroxy methylmelanin (oxidation by tyrosinase) --> melanin
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Tyrosinase (oxidaton by tyrosine) --> di-hydroxy methyllalanine (reduction by tyrosine) --> melanin
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Di-hydroxy methylalanine (oxidaton by tyrosinase) --> tyrosine (reduction by tyrosinase) --> melanin
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Di-hydroxy methylalanine (oxidaton by tyrosine) --> tyrosinase (reduction by tyrosine) --> melanin
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What are the three most common types of skin cancer?
Respuesta
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malignant melanoma
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basal cell melanoma
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malignant basal keratoses
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basal cell carcinoma
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squamous cell carcinoma
-
merkel cell carcinoma
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following is the commonest skin cancer
Respuesta
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basal cell carcinoma
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squamous cell carcinoma
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malignant melanoma
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of the following is the easiest skin cancer to treat
Respuesta
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squamous cell carcinoma
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basal cell carcinoma
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malignant melanoma
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Squamous cell carcinoma rarely metastasises.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Melanoma is the most common cancer in elderly
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Melanoma metastises
Respuesta
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very early
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only if untreated
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to most body sites
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almost exclusively to joints and liver and heart only
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commonly to lymph nodes
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Melannoma is the moset rapidly increasing common cancer type
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What are the predisposing factors for melanoma?
Respuesta
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exposure to sun
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alcohol abuse
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DNA repair mechanism mutations
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P16 gene
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CDKN2A
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PK20 gene
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CD150C
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dysplastic naevi
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skin colour
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number of pre-existing moles
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The types of melanoma are
Respuesta
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Nodular Melanoma
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Acral lentiginous melanoma
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Lentigo maligna melanoma
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Superficial spreading
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Lego malaria melanoma
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Occular mesenchymous melanoma
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Cranial melanoma
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Chronic hepatocyte melanoma
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
ABCD rule in melanoma diagnosis stands for
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A – aplasticity B – Border irregularity C – colour D – distance
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A – asymmetry B – Border irregularity C – colour D – diameter
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A – asymmetry B – Border integrity C – change in size D – distance
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A – aplasticity B – basal cell symetry C – colour D – diameter
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A – aplasticity B – Border integrity C – change in size D – distance
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Initial diagnosis of melanoma is performed by
Respuesta
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examination using bright light and magnification
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histology using ziehl-neelsen stain
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biopsy followed by ELISA
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ELISA
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biopsy followed by PCR
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Common antibodies used in diagnosis of melanoma by immunohistochemistry include
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Melan M
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Melan A
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HMB 45
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S 100
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CDK 150
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JK 480
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Diagnosis of melanoma is performed by
Respuesta
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+/- immmunohistochemistry
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+/- immunocytochemistry
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special stain histology
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H/E stain histology
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ELISA
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laparoscopy
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Melanin does not always have to be present in melanoma
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
In histological examination of melanoma, which if the following are typically observed?
Respuesta
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Prominent nucleoli
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Missing nucleoi
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Irregular nucleoi
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Popcorn cells
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Reed-Strenberg cells
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Large cells
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Small cells
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Special stains are the most common diagnostic tool in melanomas
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Melanin is a
Respuesta
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big strong cookie booboo
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strong reducing agent
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strong oxidising agent
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reactively inert molecule
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Special stains can be used for the diagnosis of amelanotic melanomas
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Immunohistochemistry can be used for the diagnosis of amelanotic melanomas
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Immunocytochemistry is used in diagnosis of melanoma in
Respuesta
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Difficult cases
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Metastasis
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Micro invasion
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None of the above
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All of the above
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Reed-Sternberg melanoma
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
The target protein for S100 is [blank_start]not specific for melanoma[blank_end], HMB45 is [blank_start]sometimes absent from melanomas[blank_end] and Melan A is sometimes found in [blank_start]non-melanoma tumours[blank_end].
Respuesta
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not specific for melanoma
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sometimes absent from melanomas
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non-melanoma tumours
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Clinical staging is based on
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histological staging of primary tumour
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histological staining of metastasis
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lymph node involvement
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basal cell involvement
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metastases
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age of the patient
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Breslow [blank_start]depth[blank_end] measures the [blank_start]thickness of tumour[blank_end] whereas Clark [blank_start]levels[blank_end] measure the [blank_start]depth of invasion[blank_end]. Breslow method is [blank_start]more accurate[blank_end] than Clark method.
Respuesta
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depth
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thickness of tumour
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levels
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depth of invasion
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more accurate
-
less accurate
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Clinical staging does NOT rely on the histological measurement of
Respuesta
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Ulceration
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Lymphoid infiltration
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Mitotic activity
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Vascular ivasion
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Dendritic necrosis
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Microscopic satellites
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Treatment of melanoma is the same regardless of the stage
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Treatment of melanoma can include the removal of
Respuesta
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all metastases
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sentinel lymph node/s
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primary tumour, minimum 5mm
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primary tumour, minimum 2mm
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all moles
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Biological therapy of melanoma often consists of
Respuesta
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BRAF inhibitor drug regimes
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Interleukin alpha inhibitor drug regime
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Low salt and fat intake diet
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Broad spectrum drugs
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Localised irradiation
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
BRAF 600 gene is found in about half the melanoma patients
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Punch skin biopsy is the only method of obtaining histological tissue for diagnosis of melanoma.
Respuesta
- True
- False
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