853912
Descripción
Test por Shannon Wilkes, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Shannon Wilkes
hace más de 10 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What kind of disease is dental caries?
Respuesta
-
Fungal
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Periodontal Disease?
Respuesta
-
Fungal
-
Viral
-
Protozoan
-
Bacterial
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Oral Herpes/Heres Labialis?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Viral
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Thrush?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Viral
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Peptic Ulcers?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
-
Bacterial
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Staphylococcus Intoxication?
Respuesta
-
Protozoan
-
Bacterial
-
Viral
-
Fungal
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Botulism?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which of the following are bacterial strains of Enteritis?
Respuesta
-
Rotavirus
-
E.coli
-
Coxsackie
-
Salmonella
-
Bacillus cereus
-
Clostridium perfringens
-
Cryptosporidium parvum
-
Giardia lamblia
-
Campylobacter jejuni
-
Echovirus
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which of the following strains are viral Enteritis?
Respuesta
-
E.coli
-
Rotavirus
-
Coxsackie
-
Salmonella
-
Bacillus cereus
-
Clostridium perfringens
-
Cryptosporidium parvum
-
Giardia lablia
-
Campylobacter jejuni
-
Echovirus
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which of the following strains are protozoan Enteritis?
Respuesta
-
E.coli
-
Rotavirus
-
Coxsackie
-
Salmonella
-
Bacillus cereus
-
Clostridium perfringens
-
Cryptosporidium parvum
-
Giardia lamblia
-
Echovrius
-
Campylobacter jejuni
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Clostridium diificile infection?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Cholera?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Viral
-
Protozoan
-
Fungal
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Poliomyelitis?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Hepatitis A and E?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Urinary Cystitis?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Septicemia and Septic Shock?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Bacterial
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Vaginosis caused by Candida albicans?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
-
Viral
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Vaginosis that caused by gardnerella vaginalis?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Protozoal
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Vaginosis caused by Trichomonas vaginalis?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Protozoan
-
Fungal
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Toxic Shock Syndrome?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What kind of infection is gonorrhea?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Chlamydial Disease?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Bacterial
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Syphilis?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
-
Bacterial
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Genital Herpes?
Respuesta
-
Bacterial
-
Viral
-
Fungal
-
Protozoan
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Genital Warts?
Respuesta
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
-
Protozoan
-
Fungal
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What kind of infection is Hepatitis B, C and D?
Respuesta
-
Protozoan
-
Fungal
-
Viral
-
Bacterial
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
What kind of infection is AIDS?
Respuesta
-
Fungal
-
Viral
-
Protozoan
-
Bacterial
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Stomach ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori are most effectively treated with what?
Respuesta
-
Antibiotics only
-
Drugs that reduce stomach acid production
-
Avoidance of spicy foods only
-
A change in lifestyle that reduces stress only
-
Drugs that coat the stomach lining only
-
Antibiotics combined with drugs that reduce stomach acid production and ones that coat the stomach lining
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Chemical host defense factors for the digestive system include:
Respuesta
-
Peristalsis
-
Diarrhea
-
Sloughing epithelium
-
Normal Microbiota
-
Enzymes
-
Bile
-
Vomiting
-
Stomach acid
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Food-borne infection is caused by microbes in food that infect the intestines of the host, then proliferate and produce toxins there; in contrast, food-borne intoxication results from direct effects of toxins ingested in food that has been stored under conditions that promote microbial growth and toxin production.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
About a day and a half after a fraternity-sorority picnic (and for a few days after that), many students experienced gastrointestinal distress (cramps, diarrhea and vomiting), along with fever and nausea. Each of these students ingested undercooked barbecued chicken (because of the barbecue sauce, it was difficult to see that the chicken was still pink in color). These students most likely suffered from what?
Respuesta
-
Staphylococcal intoxication
-
Cholera
-
Salmonella enteritis
-
Stomach Ulcers
-
Botulism
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Enteritis and periodontal disease are both syndromes because each of these diseases had a number of different etiological agents that ultimately lead to generation of its own characteristic set of signs and symptoms that lets us know that we have either enteritis or periodontal disease.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
In cases of botulism due to eating contaminated food, appropriate treatment consists of:
Respuesta
-
Antibiotic only
-
Antibiotic and antitoxin
-
Antitoxin only
-
Antibiotic and fluid replacement
-
Letting the disease run its course
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
When Helicobacter pylori uses urease to generate ammonia to neutralize stomach acid and vacuolating cytotoxin to damage gastric cells to release nutrients, it induces inflammation that leads to infiltration of phagocytes which secrete cytokines that make the inflammation worse and lead to formation of ulcers, which generate a gnawing or burning pain in the abdomen.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Respuesta
-
Plaque damage to teeth occurs by means of a specific toxin that erodes tooth enamel
-
Fecal transplant is a "last ditch" method for the treatment of cholera infections
-
Cryptosporidium oocysts can be transmitted in swimming pools by infected young children with diarrhea, even when they are wearing swim diapers or swim pants
-
TLC and supportive care are the only treatments for hepatitis A and E, oral herpes, giardiasis, staphylococcal intoxication and poliomyelitis, because effective CTAs are not available
-
Vaccines are available for cholera, hepatitis A and E and polio, but not rotavirus
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Select the ONE answer that is TRUE
Respuesta
-
Once a herpes cold sore or oral herpes lesion disappears, the infection is cured and lesions will not recur
-
Access to good sanitation and clean drinking water is a key to prevention of most gastrointestinal infections worldwide
-
Shigatoxic E.coli (STEC) is uncommon in the US and serious infections are very rare
-
An infected person's feces can contain infectious agents, but their vomitus cannot, due to its highly acidic nature
-
The cysts of both Giardia and Cryptosporidium are readily killed by chlorine, so there is no need to use filtration to purify drinking water
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Select ALL of the following that are TRUE
Respuesta
-
Because this opportunistic bacterium is a member of the normal microbiota, use of broad spectrum antibiotic therapy (which kills off most of the other normal microbiota) can lead to Clostridium difficult infections, especially in the elderly
-
Food contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus can only cause illness in people who eat it while the bacteria are still alive
-
The organisms that cause both dental caries and periodontal disease are normal bacterial microbiota that accumulate on teeth as dental plaque, and the caries they cause can be prevented by regular flossing and brushing with fluoride toothpaste plus biannual tooth cleaning by a dental hygienist
-
Polio begins as an intestinal infection that is followed by a production of a neurotoxin that causes damage of motor neurons in the CNS and leads to flaccid paralysis
-
Botulism is transmitted by improperly canned foods containing bacterial spores that germinate to form vegetative bacteria that grow and produce an exotoxin that can lead to cardiac and/or respiratory failure
-
Cholera toxin leads to sever dehydration, but patients can usually be successfully treated by replacing water and salts, either by oral hydration or by IV administration
-
Toxins play a significant role in hepatitis A and botulism, but not in enteritis or oral Candidiasis (thrush)
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Identify ALL of the properties SHARED by infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
Respuesta
-
The signs and symptoms are more apparent in men than in women
-
Signs and symptoms may include painful urination and discharge
-
Pelvic inflammatory disease is not a complication of both of these diseases, just one of them
-
Antibiotic resistance is a significant problem for either of these diseases
-
Due to damage to the fallopian tubes, they may lead to ectopic pregnancy or infertility in women
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Although Chlamydia causes the highest number of reported STD cases each year, it is not the number one sexually transmitted infection in the US; in fact, the estimated incidence of Trichomonsas and HPV STIs are both higher than that of Chlamydia STIs
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Respuesta
-
Indwelling urethral catheters post little or no risk for nosocomial infections
-
The death rates for septicemia and septic shock makes these maladies the number 11 killer in the country
-
Septicemia, but not septic shock, is associated with loss of blood flow to vital organs
-
In septic shock, the damage is caused by bacteria growing in the lungs and physically clogging them
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Because prevention of vaginal infections depends on sloughing of glycogen-containing epithelial cells and maintenance of low vaginal pH by normal microbiota, treatment of urinary cystitis with an antibiotic that kills Gram-positive bacteria is highly unlikely vaginal candidiasis in a twenty-something woman
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Identify ALL of the potential results of infection Syphilis
Respuesta
-
Formation of a chancre
-
Pelvic inflammatory disease
-
Transmission of syphilis via contact with open lesions
-
Congenital (birth) defects
-
Gumma formation that occurs after a latent period
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Respuesta
-
The symptoms characteristics of vaginosis include vaginal inflammation and open cervical lesions, but neither itching or discharge
-
Urinary cystitis is caused by vaginal normal microbiota that are introduced into the urethra during sexual intercourse
-
Vaginosis is a syndrome, the causes of which include fungal, protozoal and bacterial normal microbiota
-
While vaginosis is associated with renal damage, urinary cystitis is not
-
Although condom use will not help prevent vaginosis, personal hygiene can
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Select the ONE statement that is TRUE
Respuesta
-
Once an STD is cured, reinfection will not occur, although latent organisms can cause recurrence of some of these diseases
-
With most STDs, when the symptoms go away, one can no longer be considered infectious, so transmission of the disease to a sexual partner is of little concern
-
The latest estimates indicate that 15 million Americans become newly infected with an STD each year, yet these diseases are one of the most under recognized health threats
-
Condoms are not effective in preventing STDs, so vaccination remains the primary means of prevention
-
Women who are promiscuous and practice unprotected sex do not have a higher risk of miscarriage or children with birth defects
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Urinary cystitis is not considered an STD; rather it is a urinary tract infection caused by normal GI tract microbiota, frequently E.coli, that are often introduced into the urethra during sexual intercourse.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
You receive the following medical history from a male patient: development of an odorless, whitish discharge, abdominal pain and burning sensation on urination 10 days following sex with a new partner. Staining of the discharge did NOT reveal gram negative diplococci. His partner probably gave him what?
Respuesta
-
Chlamydia
-
Gonorrhea
-
Syphilis
-
Gardnerella
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Select the statement that is TRUE
Respuesta
-
Normal microbiota are never associated with genitourinary infections
-
There should be no normal microbiota of any kind in the urinary tract
-
Phagocytes are not a significant cellular host defense factor involved in genitourinary infections
-
Mucus is both a chemical and physical host defense factor involved in preventing genitourinary infections
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Which of the following infections have vaccines?
Respuesta
-
Botulism
-
Rotavirus
-
Cholera
-
Poliomyelitis
-
Hepatitis A
-
Septicemia/Septic Shock
-
Chlamydia
-
Genital Herpes
-
Genital Warts
-
Hepatitis C
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Which infections are treated by a procedure/surgery?
Respuesta
-
Dental Caries
-
Periodontal Disease
-
Oral Herpes
-
Botulism
-
Staphylococcal Intoxication
-
Toxic Shock Syndrome
-
Genital Warts
-
Genital Herpes
-
Hepatitis B, C, D
-
HIV/AIDS
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
Which of all the following are treated with antibiotics/antifungals/antivirals?
Respuesta
-
Oral Herpes
-
Botulism
-
Toxic Shock Syndrome
-
Septicemia/Septic Shock
-
Vaginosis
-
Chlamydia
-
Gonorrhea
-
AIDS/HIV
-
Syphilis
-
Hepatitis B, C, D
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Which of the following infections are treated with antimicrobial agent therapy/other drug therapies?
Respuesta
-
Dental Caries
-
Peptic Ulcers
-
Botulism
-
Toxic Shock Syndrome
-
Septicemia/Septic Shock
-
Enteritis
-
Genital Herpes
-
Genital Warts
-
Clostridium difficile infection
-
HIV/AIDS
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Which infections are treated with TLC and supportive measures?
Respuesta
-
Botulism
-
Staphylococcal Infection
-
Enteritis
-
Septicemia/Septic Shock
-
Cholera
-
Toxic Shock Syndrome
-
Poliomyelitis
-
Hepatitis A and E
-
Clostridium difficile infection
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
You observe the following symptoms in a patient: low-grade fever, anorexia and vomiting, followed by jaundice and pain in the region of the liver. Medical records reveal a history of IV drug abuse. This patient is most likely suffering from what?
Respuesta
-
Genital Warts
-
Chlamydia
-
Gonorrhea
-
Genital Herpes
-
Hepatitis B
-
AIDS
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Select the ONE answer that is TRUE
Respuesta
-
cervical cancer can be a complication of genital herpes, but not genital warts
-
one will develop visible genital sores when they have genital herpes, but not when they have syphilis
-
HIV and gonorrhea are associated with chronic or latent infections, but neither chlamydia nor syphilis has a latent stage
-
penile cancer can be a complication of genital warts, but not genital herpes
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
Identify ALL the correct statements about HIV/AIDS
Respuesta
-
During asymptomatic HIV infection, levels of virus circulating in the blood remain high
-
Opportunistic diseases are the primary cause of mortality in AIDS patients
-
AIDS is still a significant cause of death of men between the ages of 25 and 44 years in the US
-
Although infected with HIV, people are not considered to have AIDS until they develop opportunistic infections or unusual cancers
-
Combination drug therapies are most effective in reducing circulating HIV than are therapies that utilize only individual drugs
-
During its replication cycle, HIV generates a DNA copy of its genome that is integrated into the chromosomes of infected host cells
-
HIV is remarkably stable genetically because it rarely undergoes mutations
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
Which statement about genitourinary infections are TRUE?
Respuesta
-
The lesions typical of genital warts occur only on the genitalia, not on (or in) any other part of the body
-
Hepatitis B and C are both associated with IV drug use and transfusions, as well as with promiscuous sexual behavior
-
In both men and women genital herpes causes genital lesions; it may result in PID, but not cervical damage, in women
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Identify ALL the correct statements regarding HPV
Respuesta
-
High-risk types of HPV are the leading cause of oropharyangeal cancer
-
Low-risk HPV strains are not associated with metastatic cancer because they are not known to generate malignant tumors
-
The vaccine for HPV works in either males or females, and it works best when administered before the onset of sexual activity
-
Only females are at risk of developing cancer from HPV, so they are the only people who should receive HPV vaccine
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
In the US, men are typically diagnosed as having AIDS more readily than women because physicians often don't think to look for HIV in women at first since the incidence of HIV infection is higher in men and because women often develop opportunistic diseases or cancers than this that men develop as the infection progresses
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
You observed profuse, severe diarrhea to dehydration in a patient. Serologic testing revealed the presence of antibodies to HIV in her blood. The disease signs in this patient most likely resulted from her having what?
Respuesta
-
Tuberculosis
-
Cryptosporidiosis
-
Pneumonystis pneumonia
-
Toxoplasmosis
-
Kaposi's sarcoma
-
Candidiasis
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
Which of these statements about sexually transmitted diseases is TRUE
Respuesta
-
HIV originated in Africa in 1980, and was spread throughout the world primarily by homosexual contact
-
HIV and syphilis, but neither hepatitis nor genital warts, develop into systemic infections
-
Genital herpes, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia infection can all increase the chances of infection with HIV…they are gateway diseases
-
Both HIV and genital warts, but not genital herpes, are likely to lead to secondary infections of other organisms
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Which of these statements about sexually transmitted diseases is TRUE?
Respuesta
-
Vaccines are available for prevention of both hepatitis B and C, as well as for genital warts
-
Gardasil is effective in females, but not in males, despite great efforts to modify the vaccine so it would be more widely applicable
-
Once a person is infected with the etiological agents of these diseases, no antibiotic cure exists for genital herpes, genital warts or hepatitis B
-
Although there are medications (CTAs) that can help people infected with HIV manage their disease and live longer, they do not infection or AIDS
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
Select all of the following which can be transmitted from mother to infant
Respuesta
-
Chlamydia
-
Syphilis
-
Gonorrhea
-
Genital Herpes
-
Hepatitis B
-
HIV
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