DevPsych w8-12 Physical Growth, Self Understanding, Social Understanding, Emotional Understanding, Family, Refugees

Nutrition?

Illness

Quality of the care

none of the above

Track the average and assess different growth rates according to each child's country

Take actions if health is not up to standard

Assure resources are funds are distributed appropriately

All of the above

Marasmus

stunting in body and mental growth

Anxious attatchment

all of the above

affects babies who receive insufficient protein and too few calories.

Affects children who receive enough calories but not enough protein

the child develops yellow rings on the eyes

as a result of mental trauma

jauntice and poor teething

Breast-fed infants do not ordinarily suffer from marasmus unless their mothers are severely malnourished. They may develop kwashiorkor when they are weaned from the breast but then have no other source of protein

all of the above

babies die if not fed within 24 hours

the pituarity gland, in the hypothalamus

the hypothalamus in the pituarity gland

The amygdala

MTL

Both

A set of attributes, abilities, attitudes, and values that a person sees as defining who she or he is.

person’s sense of sense of who s/he is, where and how s/he belongs, what s/he values, and directions s/he chooses to pursue in life

Neither

Knowledge - of the ethnic group’s distinguishing behaviours, values, customs Self-identification - recognise oneself as part of the group Constancy - in belonging, in knowledge Role behaviour - engage in behaviours that reflect the distinguishing traits of the ethnic group Preference - choosing or preferring characteristics that distinguish the group from other groups

Achievement & Moratorium: positive self-esteem, critical thinking, advanced moral reasoning • Foreclosure: intolerance, inflexibility, regard difference of opinion as threat • Diffusion: apathy, depression, going along w/ crowd, hopelessness, risky behavior Identity Achievement- conscious commitment to 1 identity

A combination of the above

A strong sense of Material, Spiritual and Social "Me"

1) A sense of belonging (but not nessarily commitment too) to an ethnic group (a group with shared cultural traditions); (2) The degree to which a person associates his/her thinking, perceptions, feelings, and behavior with membership in that group.

self as knower, actor; inner life; not accessible to others

Material you want your space to be validated and safe to explore the authentic self, Social people are changed by every interaction, Spiritual hardest to change, your core and morals

none of the above

Toddlers learn that their bodies are part of themselves, and that they can manipulate their bodies to express themselves.

Pronoun control, articulation of desires

abstract descriptors of self conflict with each other

A and B

Children who witnessed the actor being punished for their aggressive behaviour were less likely to imitate the violent behaviour, unprompted

Children easily reproduced the behaviours when prompted and offered incentives.

The development of self concepts occurs alongside the development of thinking about others (social cognition).

A and B

Practicing awareness of the perspective of another person

better understanding that person’s behaviour, thoughts, and feelings

Children go through four stages of increasingly complex and abstract thinking of other people

A and B

Egocentric and Subjective stages

Self-reflective stages

Mutual and Societal stages

all of the above in that order

All systems are subject to time and cultural change can act as support or constraint

All systems are subject to time and cultural change can act as support or constraint but only 1 at a time

Social environments interact to support and constrain each other and the child’s development.

None of the above

understanding other people’s perspectives

A combination of all of these

through observing others’ behaviour, and their own and others’ reactions to that behaviour

A person’s beliefs about how effectively s/he can control his or her own behaviour, thoughts, and emotions, in order to achieve a desired goal. Fostered by modelling, encouragement, mastery, and wellbeing. Social influence is huge in determining positive/negative effect.

Difficult for babies, children and teens to achieve

nal Regulation: The process of inhibiting, initiating or modulating internal feeling states and related physiological processes, cognitions, and behaviours

The ability to allow us to communicate our emotion

All of the above

None of the below

All elements of a culture contribute to a child’s development: other cultural members, local environments (home, school, neighbourhood) ,cultural values, beliefs, practices, laws

We are social creatures, shaped by our social environments; and shaping our social environments

B and C

In emotional regulation, System interaction all occur simultaneously, whereas with Cognitive Process they occur sequentially.

None: one is hte extension of the other depending upon the emotion in question

Some say they are both are innate, others say they are driven by motivation and driveb by different stimui and factors

None of the above

Any event of a system relates to all the systems, each having own activities, needs, resources (communitys individual cells), rules. The relationships between the system define the borders.

Psych's emphasis different elements of emotion. Some say they are innate, others say it's driven by motivation and drive to d

Subjective Feelings- interpretation of experience Physiological factors- senses, hormones, sleep Cognitions (thoughts)- associations, memory Desire to take action- continue, stop, change

All of the above

Reduced criminal Sentences, due to • Decision making capacity is diminished relative to adults • Heightened Arousal = more vulnerable to coercion, provocation • Identity (“character”) still being developed

Reduced criminal Sentences, due to • The offenders’ decision making capacity is diminished • The offender was coerced, under duress, under threat, provoked • The criminal act was “out of character”

Changes in the following systems: Neurological: rapid pruning/change between prefrontal cortex and FL (EF for learning ) and PFC and Limbic System (Emotion). Learning and Making judgements about risk/reward is compromised Emotion: Motivated to take action and change social status, arousal Cognitive: A strong self concept, can identify risks, but influenced by social expeience Social: Influenced by above

All of the above

Endogenous Opioids

Opiates

Analgesia

Mu (μ) receptors

Modulators

peptides known to be hormones also act as neurotransmitters and are often co-release with other neurotransmitters

A and B

Just A

an agonist (like Heroin) and is used in treatment of dependence because it has a much slower time course than Heroin.

Keeps receptors satisfied and person stable without causing instant (addictive) high.

A and B

None of the above: morphine acts to stop heroin by binding to the receptors

Often “co-transmitters” that serve to modulate the release of other transmitters.. Again modulating the modulators

shortens the duration of action potentials in the presynaptic neuron >> decreasing amount of neurotransmitter released.

THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the active compound in marijuana

None of the above

Often “co-transmitters” that serve to modulate the release of other transmitters.Again modulating the modulators.

It dilates blood vessels in regions of the brain that become metabolically active

All of these functions could be possible

None of the above

It is involved in learning and memory through effects on synaptic plasticity It dilates blood vessels in regions of the brain that become metabolically active

At high postsynaptic firing rate leads to sleepiness

It dilates blood vessels in regions of the brain that become metabolically active

A and C

NO is not synthesized and stored in vesicles like other neurotransmitters.

NO is produced throughout the cell including dendrites and defuses out of the cell as soon as it is produced. NO does not activate receptors but simply enters the neighbouringcell

NO is very short lived and is degraded or reacted within a few seconds of being produced

All of the above

At synapses where adenosine is the primary neurotransmitter, a high postsynaptic firing rate leads to sleepiness

is released from astrocytes, a type of glial cell that “supports” neural function. One important role is the supply of energy to neurons

Caffeine acts as adenosine-receptor antagonist and blocks the natural action of adenosine.

All of the above are correct

Four Parenting Styles Styles can be used partially or in combination. Demandingness / control= boundaries rules

Most parents sit on a continuum of the situation at hand. Need to change the style as child grows older and thier needs change

Producing man different social outcomes

A and B

Going through events can assure the family Systems are stronger

Everyone's identity is dependant on the other: one moves, everyone moves

The family is a set a parameters within the Whiner Framework

A and B

Because they start off with genetic differences

Because their parents are at different life stages (with different needs and skills) when each child experiences a certain age.

Because individuals interpret and react to the same event in different ways.

All of the above

has a well founded fear of persecution

owing to such fear is unable or unwilling to return home

An asylum seeker is any person who has submitted an application for refugee

None

First and foremost, the emotional well-being of refugee children is influenced by the protection and care they receive from their families

familial relationships are impacted by events. -Distressful events : military, poverty, bombings -Persistent events -Disruptive transition: separate from family

Limited opportunity • Limited resources • Seeking a change

All of the above

Immigrant Push factors • Limited opportunity • Limited resources • Seeking a change • Opportunity to prepar

Refugee Pull factors • Accepted their application • Little/no opportunity to prepare

Refugee Push factors • Danger, fear for life • Destruction • Little/no opportunity to prepare

All of the above

to see what is important subject by what they emphasis

To get details they can't in a clinical trail

To gain subjects confidence

All of the above

Community members’ negative attitudes are supported by false beliefs.

Only due to government and media representation of refugees

No: people can see through the political agenda

yes: can challenge those beliefs through education.

English challenges decreased over time

discrimination challenges increased over time

discrimination was their smallest challenge: the biggest was safety and living needs

A and B