Pregunta 1
Pregunta
What years did Henry VII reign for?
Respuesta
-
1485-1501
-
1495-1509
-
1485-1509
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What house did Henry VII belong to?
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
How did Henry establish his power in 1485? (Select all that are true.)
Respuesta
-
Declaring his reign to begin the day after the Battle of Bosworth.
-
Declaring his reign to begin the day before the Battle of Bosworth.
-
Executing all of Richard III's men.
-
Holding a huge coronation to impress both Englishmen and foreigners.
-
Immediately marching into London to claim his throne.
-
Waiting before marching into London.
-
Using his first Parliament to pass Acts of Attainder and declare his title.
-
Using his first Parliament to pardon those who had fought against him, so they owed him their loyalty.
-
Marrying Elizabeth of York.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
In 1485 there were still a number of important Yorkists alive with a strong claim to the throne:
• The most direct male representative of the family was Richard III’s 10 year-old nephew, [blank_start]Edward[blank_end] (the Earl of [blank_start]Warwick[blank_end]). Henry removed this threat by sending him to the Tower of London. He lived there in relative comfort but without the freedom to come and go as he pleased.
• Richard III had named his heir as another nephew – [blank_start]John de la Pole[blank_end]. He was the Earl of [blank_start]Lincoln[blank_end] (the son of Richard’s sister Elizabeth). Henry considered both [blank_start]John[blank_end] and his father (the Duke of Suffolk) as enemies but both pledged their loyalty which Henry accepted. Lincoln was invited to join the King’s council.
Respuesta
-
Edward
-
Jonathan
-
Henry
-
Warwick
-
Suffolk
-
Somerset
-
John de la Pole
-
Edmund de la Pole
-
John Colet
-
Lincoln
-
Norfolk
-
John
-
Edmund
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Recap: Who were the two main Yorkists alive with a claim to the English throne?
Respuesta
-
John de la Pole
-
Edmund de la Pole
-
Edward, the Earl of Warwick.
-
Jonathan, the Earl of Warwick
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
In which regions of the country did Henry experience minor uprisings in 1485-1486?
Respuesta
-
Midlands/North
-
Cornwall
-
Yorkshire
-
Wales
-
East Anglia
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
As Henry travelled north, [blank_start]Lord Lovel[blank_end] and the [blank_start]Stafford[blank_end] brothers (Thomas and Humphrey) broke their sanctuary in Colchester. [blank_start]Lovel[blank_end] headed north in an attempt to waylay the King, while the [blank_start]Staffords[blank_end] travelled to [blank_start]Worcester[blank_end] in an attempt to start a rebellion. Henry carried on with his progress but sent soldiers to offer the choice of surrender and reconciliation or excommunication and death.
Respuesta
-
Lord Lovel
-
Lord Clifford
-
Stafford
-
Stanley
-
Lovel
-
Grey
-
Staffords
-
Stanleys
-
Worcester
-
Lincoln
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Recap: Where were the Stafford brothers being held in sanctuary?
Respuesta
-
Colchester
-
Worcester
-
Warwick
-
London
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The rebellion in the Midlands and the North was easily controlled.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
What did Lovel do in the aftermath of the rebellion in the Midlands & North?
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What did the Stafford brothers do in the aftermath of the rebellion in the Midlands and North?
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The Stafford brothers were arrested and sent to the Tower. Humphrey was [blank_start]executed[blank_end] but Thomas was [blank_start]pardoned[blank_end] and [blank_start]remained loyal thereafter[blank_end].
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
What was the plan in the rebellion in Wales?
Respuesta
-
To replace Henry with Rhys ap Thomas.
-
To kill Henry and seize Brecon castle.
-
To replace Henry with any Welsh Yorkist.
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The rebellion in Wales was led by the [blank_start]Vaughans and Herberts[blank_end]. They were [blank_start]Yorkists[blank_end] who wanted to kill Henry and seize Brecon castle. The rebellion however was put down by [blank_start]Rhys ap Thomas[blank_end], who had been knighted by Henry after the Battle of Bosworth.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Henry's policy towards rebellions were severity towards the ringleaders but showing mercy to the lower ranks.
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
When was Henry's first son, Arthur, born?
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
When did the Yorkshire rebellion take place?
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The Yorkshire rebellion was provoked by [blank_start]Henry's demands for money.[blank_end]
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Henry had planned a campaign in [blank_start]Brittany[blank_end] which was being threatened by [blank_start]France[blank_end]. Parliament granted a subsidy of [blank_start]£100,000[blank_end] to pay for it, but the collection caused widespread discontent. It was collected as a [blank_start]type of income tax[blank_end] and the King only received [blank_start]£27,000[blank_end] of it. Opposition was particularly strong in Yorkshire as people had suffered [blank_start]a bad harvest.[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Brittany
-
France
-
France
-
Spain
-
£100,000
-
£20,000
-
type of income tax
-
seizing of property
-
£27,000
-
£11,000
-
a bad harvest.
-
an influenza outbreak.
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Why did the people of Yorkshire resent those from the north (Northumberland?)
Respuesta
-
They were not suffering a bad harvest and yet they were taxed last.
-
They were not taxed at all as they were expected to defend should the Scottish invade.
-
They were taxed at a lower rate.
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Henry negotiated a tax reduction with the Earl of Northumberland (Henry Percy.)
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
When the Earl of Northumberland returned from attempting to negotiate with the King, he was murdered. The subsequent rebellion was led by [blank_start]Sir John Egremont[blank_end] and it was defeated just outside of [blank_start]York.[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Sir John Egremont
-
Thomas Percy
-
York.
-
Northumberland.
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
What did Egremont do in the aftermath of the Yorkshire rebellion?
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Henry captured Egremont and he was executed.
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Henry did not collect any more of the £100,000 of income tax he was supposed to receive.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
The new Earl of Northumberland was a [blank_start]ward of the Crown[blank_end] and so posed no opposition.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The Yorkshire rebellion was the last major rebellion Henry faced in the North.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
When was the rebellion in Cornwall?
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
The rebellion in Cornwall was provoked by [blank_start]financial concerns.[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
financial concerns.
-
dynastic concerns.
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
In 1497 Parliament had voted for another heavy tax. This was to finance an expedition [blank_start]north[blank_end] to confront an expected invasion from [blank_start]James VI and Warbeck.[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
north
-
south
-
James VI and Warbeck.
-
Charles VIII of France.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
The Cornish had a long history of independence and did not want to contribute to this tax.
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
In May the rebels set out from Bodmin and marched through the western counties. Their only leader of notes was the impoverished [blank_start]Lord Audley[blank_end] but by June they had reached Blackheath in London and numbered [blank_start]15,000.[blank_end] They were met by the King’s forces under the command of [blank_start]Lord Daubeney[blank_end]. In the battle (or more accurately slaughter) [blank_start]1000[blank_end] rebels were quickly killed and the rest fled.
Respuesta
-
Lord Audley
-
Lord Stafford
-
15,000.
-
3,000
-
Lord Daubeney
-
1000
-
2500
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
How did Henry react to the Cornish rebels?
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which of these were shown by the Cornish rebellion?
Respuesta
-
It proved that Henry had firm control of all regions of the country.
-
It showed that Henry was still in a weak position.
-
It showed that few were prepared to oppose rebels - they had made it to London before encountering any opposition.
-
It showed that Henry could not afford a serious northern campaign.
-
People were not prepared to finance war to defend the Tudor regime.
-
It made Henry consider carefully what regions he taxed.
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
What years was Lambert Simnel an active threat to Henry?
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
It was eventually decided that Simnel should impersonate [blank_start]the Earl of Warwick[blank_end], due to fresh rumours about him.
Respuesta
-
the Earl of Warwick
-
Richard of York
-
Edward of York
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Symonds took Simnel to [blank_start]Ireland[blank_end] as this had been a centre of Yorkist support. The current Lord Lieutenant was Lord Kildare and, he along with other leading Irish nobles, proclaimed Simnel as [blank_start]Edward VI[blank_end]. He was also supported by [blank_start]Margaret of Burgundy.[blank_end] She sent money and 2000 soldiers to Ireland to support Simnel. These troops were led by Martin Schwartz. This support led to Simnel being crowned as Edward VI in Dublin in [blank_start]May 1487.[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Ireland
-
Spain
-
Scotland
-
Edward VI
-
Edward VIII
-
Margaret of Burgundy.
-
Charles VIII of France.
-
Anne of Brittany.
-
May 1487.
-
September 1486.
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
The real Earl of Warwick was sent to Ireland to expose Simnel as an impostor.
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The situation was made worse when the [blank_start]Earl of Lincoln[blank_end] fled to join [blank_start]Lovel[blank_end] at the court of Margaret in Flanders. [blank_start]Lincoln and Lovel[blank_end] then accompanied Schwartz when he went to [blank_start]Ireland[blank_end] in May 1487. Henry was concerned at these events and did not know how many Yorkists would join with Simnel. This is shown by him granting a pardon to Thomas Broughton, who had been among [blank_start]Richard III’s[blank_end] most loyal supporters in the north-west.
Respuesta
-
Earl of Lincoln
-
The Duke of Norfolk
-
Lovel
-
Audley
-
Lincoln and Lovel
-
Norfolk and Lovel
-
Lincoln and Audley
-
Ireland
-
Spain
-
Richard III’s
-
Simnel's
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
The army from Ireland landed on the [blank_start]4th June[blank_end] in Lancashire. They began marching south, however they gained [blank_start]less[blank_end] support than they expected. The King was prepared to confront the invasion and met the rebels outside Newark.
Respuesta
-
4th June
-
21st May
-
less
-
far more
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
What date did the battle between Simnel and Henry's armies take place?
Respuesta
-
4th June 1487
-
21st May 1487
-
16th June 1487
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Simnel's armies far outnumbered Henry's.
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Symonds was [blank_start]imprisoned for life.[blank_end] Simnel was made a [blank_start]turnspit in the royal kitchen[blank_end] and was later promoted to be the King’s falconer as a reward for good service. Henry recognised he had merely been a pawn in the hands of ambitious men and as the real ringleaders were now dead, he could afford to show mercy.
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Who is this? (Full name)
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
During what years was Warbeck an active threat to Henry?
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
In the autumn of [blank_start]1491[blank_end] Perkin Warbeck (a 17 year-old from Tournai in France) arrived in [blank_start]Cork, Ireland[blank_end]. He claimed to be [blank_start]Richard, Duke of York[blank_end] – the younger brother who was supposedly murdered in the Tower. While the men behind the plot seem to be of humble origins, there is much suggestion that [blank_start]Charles VIII of France[blank_end] & Margaret of Burgundy were also involved in the plot. At this time, [blank_start]Charles[blank_end] was trying to force [blank_start]Brittany[blank_end] to become part of his kingdom and saw Warbeck as a useful pawn to put pressure on Henry.
Respuesta
-
1491
-
1490
-
Cork, Ireland
-
Kiltimagh, Ireland
-
Richard, Duke of York
-
Edward, Duke of York
-
Charles VIII of France
-
Philip of Spain
-
Charles
-
Philip
-
Brittany
-
Portugal
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
What did Henry do after Warbeck landed in Ireland?
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Where was Warbeck forced to flee in 1492?
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Warbeck was welcomed at the French court.
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
However, Henry outmanouvred Warbeck by negotiating the Treaty of [blank_start]Etaples[blank_end] with Charles.
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
Which of the following were negotiated in the Treaty of Etaples?
Respuesta
-
No wars fought between England and France for the following 20 years.
-
Charles promised no further French aid to English rebels.
-
If Warbeck sought sanctuary in France, Charles was to execute him or surrender him to Henry.
-
France to pay the costs of intervening in Brittany.
-
Charles would pay the arrears of the Treaty of Picquigny .
-
England accepted the loss of Brittany.
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Where was Warbeck forced to flee next?
Respuesta
-
Spain
-
Scotland
-
Flanders
-
Ireland
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
Henry was unhappy about Warbeck being sheltered by Margaret of Burgundy, so sent an army to Flanders.
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Which of the following was Henry's tactic for dealing with Burgundy while they were supporting Warbeck? (1493)
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
By [blank_start]1494[blank_end] Warbeck had found a new and more influential backer anyway. This was [blank_start]Maximilian[blank_end], the new Holy Roman Emperor.
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
Maximilian had plentiful time and resources to finance an invasion of England.
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Maximilian had his attention diverted away from Warbeck when [blank_start]France[blank_end] invaded [blank_start]Italy[blank_end] in 1494.
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
When did Warbeck attempt his invasion of England?
Respuesta
-
June 1493
-
June 1494
-
July 1495
-
July 1496
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
In July 1495 Warbeck attempted an invasion of England when he sailed from [blank_start]the Netherlands[blank_end] and attempted to land in Kent. His small force was easily dealt with by Henry’s forces because they knew beforehand that he would invade. Sir Robert Clifford was a royal agent among Warbeck’s supporters and also implicated [blank_start]Sir William Stanley[blank_end] in the plot. This was the man that had changed the course of the Battle of Bosworth and was one of Henry’s most trusted officials. His execution showed that Henry would spare no traitor, no matter how eminent.
Respuesta
-
the Netherlands
-
Ireland
-
Italy
-
Sir William Stanley
-
Robert Cecil
-
John de Vere
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
Warbeck's invasion attempt was disastrous.
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Where did Warbeck go after his failed invasion attempt in England?
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
How was Warbeck recieved when he went to Ireland?
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
The next place on Warbeck's journey was [blank_start]Scotland[blank_end] - however he was welcomed by [blank_start]James IV[blank_end] who gave him shelter, money and a royal wife as he wished to stir up trouble in England,
Respuesta
-
Scotland
-
France
-
James IV
-
Charles VIII
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
When did Warbeck attempt his second invasion?
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
James was considering changing his tactics of support for Warbeck, and signed a seven year truce with England - the Truce of [blank_start]Ayton[blank_end]. He saw this as more beneficial for Scotland than supporting Warbeck.
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
When was the Truce of Ayton signed?
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
Warbeck was no longer welcome in Scotland. Where did he go next?
Respuesta
-
Flanders
-
Spain
-
The Holy Roman Empire
-
Ireland
-
Portugal
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
Warbeck made one final invasion attempt, in south-west England.
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
Warbeck's final invasion attempt was just as unsuccessful as his previous attempts.
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Warbeck finally sought sanctuary at [blank_start]Beaulieu[blank_end] Abbey in Hampshire, but by August 1497 had given himself up and made a full confession.
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
Warbeck was executed immediately after he made his confession.
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
Warbeck foolishly tried to flee again after Henry had allowed him to remain at court. He was recaptured and publicly humiliated. However, he was soon found to be plotting with the [blank_start]Earl of Warwick[blank_end] - this time Warbeck was [blank_start]hanged[blank_end] and Warwick was [blank_start]also executed.[blank_end]
Respuesta
-
Earl of Warwick
-
Duke of Norfolk
-
hanged
-
also executed.
-
pardoned.
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
Recap: Track the movement of Perkin Warbeck.
He first went to Ireland.
Then he went to [blank_start]France.[blank_end]
Then he fled to [blank_start]Burgundy.[blank_end]
Then he was backed by the [blank_start]Holy Roman Empire.[blank_end]
He then sailed from the [blank_start]Netherlands[blank_end] to invade.
He returned to [blank_start]Ireland[blank_end] again.
Then he went to [blank_start]Scotland.[blank_end]
Then he returned a final time to [blank_start]Ireland.[blank_end]
He then invaded England a final time.
Respuesta
-
France.
-
Burgundy.
-
Holy Roman Empire.
-
Netherlands
-
Ireland
-
Scotland.
-
Ireland.
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
In the aftermath of Warbeck's plot, the main Yorkist claimant was [blank_start]Edmund[blank_end] de la Pole.
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
Edmund de la Pole was the Earl of Suffolk. While on the surface Suffolk appeared to be loyal to the King, it was clear that there was underlying tension between the two men.
In July [blank_start]1499[blank_end], Suffolk took flight to Guisnes, near Calais in France. Henry feared that this would lead to another foreign-backed invasion and persuaded Suffolk to return. He remained in amicable terms with Henry until [blank_start]1501[blank_end] when he once again fled – this time to the court of [blank_start]Maximilian.[blank_end]
Henry was in a vulnerable position as Yorkist support once again gathered. He only had one male heir, Prince [blank_start]Henry[blank_end] who was only 10 and was not considered to be physically strong at this stage.
Any of Suffolk’s relations who remained in England were imprisoned. When parliament met in January 1504 51 men, many of whom were connected to Suffolk were attained.
Henry gained the upper hand in this struggle in 1506 when [blank_start]Philip of Burgundy[blank_end] was forced by a storm to take refuge in England. Henry persuaded [blank_start]Philip[blank_end] to hand Suffolk over to him as he had seized him from Maximilian. Philip did this on the assurance that Suffolk would not be executed, a promise Henry kept.
Respuesta
-
1499
-
1503
-
1501
-
1506
-
Maximilian.
-
Margaret.
-
Henry
-
Edward
-
Philip of Burgundy
-
Ferdinand of Spain
-
Philip
-
Ferdinand
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Some remnants of the feudal system were still apparent in fifteenth-century England, despite the growth of a professional and mercantile bourgeoisie.
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
The nobility dominated land ownership, despite comprising no more than around [blank_start]60[blank_end] men.
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
The [blank_start]gentry[blank_end] came immediately below the nobility. These were men who could be great landowners, and often sought knighthoods.
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
The Church was important as a great landowner as well as a religious institution.
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Henry only appointed men to clerical positions who had an aristocratic background.
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Henry VII had control over the Church and used this influence to appoint men who had [blank_start]legal training,[blank_end] as being a [blank_start]competent administrator[blank_end] was the most important thing.
Respuesta
-
legal training,
-
devout spirituality,
-
competent administrator
-
staunch Catholic
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
The Black Death had led to a dramatic fall in the population and had reduced the demand for land – the resulting drop in the price of land had enabled the emergence of the group sometimes described as the ‘peasant aristocracy’
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
The most powerful nobles in the country were known as [blank_start]magnates[blank_end].
(Hint: it begins with an M.)
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
Henry’s problem was ‘how to suppress the magnates’ abuse of their power while preserving the power itself’.
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
Which of the following are true about Henry's relations with the nobility?
Respuesta
-
He created many new peers in order to stabilise his position - these men were guaranteed to give loyal service.
-
Henry deliberately refrained from creating new Lords.
-
Henry used patronage to guarantee the loyalty of the nobility.
-
If Henry created a large number of peers, his income would drop considerably, as they would receive lands from crown lands. This is why he did not create many.
-
The King controlled the marriages of his nobles to ensure that leading magnates did not link themselves to great heiresses to create dangerous power blocks.
-
Powerful families were kept under close surveillance.
-
Henry trusted the small number of powerful families and did not feel the need to monitor them.
-
Henry did not try to buy the loyalty of the nobility through the use of patronage.
-
Loyalty and ability were Henry’s sole requirements for receiving patronage.
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
Acts of [blank_start]Attainder[blank_end] were a method of punishing the nobility. It involved the loss of rights when a man was convicted by parliament of treason or any other serious crime. It was applied to a man’s heirs too and meant the loss of the family estate.