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Sociology by Zharas

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Test sobre Sociology by Zharas, creado por Жарас Мергазы el 25/05/2017.
Жарас Мергазы
Test por Жарас Мергазы, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Жарас Мергазы
Creado por Жарас Мергазы hace alrededor de 7 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Sociology is a science that studies:
Respuesta
  • • social groups, social institutions and individual behaviour
  • • natural science
  • • technical science
  • • environmental science

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
• The study of sociology originated from:
Respuesta
  • • Australia
  • • Europe
  • • Asia
  • • America

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
• Which of these events probably preceded the study of sociology?
Respuesta
  • • The French revolution
  • • The Russian revolution
  • • American civil war
  • • The American Independence

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
• Sociology began as a result of:
Respuesta
  • • The French revolution
  • • American civil war
  • • The Industrial Revolution
  • • The Russian revolution

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
• The popularity of sociology in the USA took off from the:
Respuesta
  • • The Great Economic Depression
  • • Chicago school of sociology in the 1920s
  • • The Stanford university
  • • Harvard college university

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
• The first person to teach sociology at a French university was:
Respuesta
  • • E. Durkheim
  • • H. Spencer
  • • A. Comte
  • • M. Weber

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
• Which of the following is not a sociological paradigm?
Respuesta
  • • symbolic interactionism theory
  • • conflict/feminism theory
  • • structural functionalism theory
  • • probability theory

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
• Which Sociologist suggests that human beings are able to interact with the help of languages and symbols?
Respuesta
  • • E. Durkheim
  • • G. H. Mead
  • • T. Parsons
  • • A. Comte

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Sociologists might be interested in which of the following social issues?
Respuesta
  • • Animal rights
  • • Inequality in the society
  • • Political process
  • • Economic crisis

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
• Which Sociologist proposes the concept of sociological perspectives?
Respuesta
  • • Ralf Dahrendorf
  • • Peter L. Berger
  • • T. Parsons
  • • A. Comte

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
• Which of the following is not part of Karl Marx’s theory of capitalism?
Respuesta
  • • capitalist production exploits the working class
  • • class conflict is inevitable in capitalist societies
  • • industrial workers are the revolutionary class
  • • class struggle only occurs under capitalism

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
• Which of these three elements underlie Digital Transformations?
Respuesta
  • • super computers, artificial intelligence, the internet of Things
  • • smart phones, i-phones, i-pad
  • • computers, telephones, scientific calculators
  • • none of the above

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
• Which of the following people influenced the theoretical approach known as symbolic interactionist?
Respuesta
  • • Georg Hegel
  • • George Herbert Mead
  • • Talcott Parsons
  • • Ralf Dahrendorf

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
• According to Durkheim, 'social facts' are:
Respuesta
  • • social insights into collective behavior
  • • information we get on the media or internet
  • • ideas, feelings, and ways of behaving that already existed in society before we were born
  • • those things that we create ourselves

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
• The feeling of despair often leading to suicide is called:
Respuesta
  • • deviance
  • • anxiety
  • • anomie
  • • depression

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
• Which of the following people is the founder of Sociology?
Respuesta
  • • Talcott Parsons
  • • A.Comte
  • • Emile Durkheim
  • • Robert Merton

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
• What is the initial stage of sociological research?
Respuesta
  • • review the evidence
  • • define the research problem or research question
  • • create a research design
  • • carry out a research design

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
• Any behavior which is against the NORMS expected in the society is called?
Respuesta
  • • stigma
  • • crime
  • • deviance
  • • label

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
• Any behavior that breaks the NORMS expected is likely to lead to a negative labeling called?
Respuesta
  • • deviance
  • • stigma/sanction
  • • label
  • • crime

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
• Human culture has two forms what are they?
Respuesta
  • • ancient and modern culture
  • • mainstream and subculture
  • • elite and popular culture
  • • material and non-material

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
• Which of these are not examples of research methods?
Respuesta
  • • Talk shows and advertising
  • • participant observation and survey
  • • document study and case study
  • • interview and questionnaires

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
• To research unemployment situation in Kazakhstan you may have to use:
Respuesta
  • • interview
  • • survey research method
  • • questionnaire
  • • quantitative research method

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
• What is demography?
Respuesta
  • • The study of people and society
  • • The study of population growth in a particular area at a particular time
  • • the number of people in a school or university
  • • large numbers of people living together

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below constitutes cyber-crimes?
Respuesta
  • • harkening
  • • virus distribution
  • • scooping essential information
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
• The post-industrial society identified by Bell involved?
Respuesta
  • • A technological developed country
  • • Extensive machine Production
  • • Production of goods and services
  • • a shift towards a service economy, based on knowledge and information

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
• Social Mobility is a term that describes:
Respuesta
  • • Ability of people to move from one social class to another
  • • a piece of research conducted in a laboratory
  • • a piece of research trying out new methods
  • • an attempt to mobilize people for a national purpose

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
• What is a social role?
Respuesta
  • • an achieved occupational status
  • • a person's overall social status within their family
  • • a social position that becomes a master status for the person occupying it
  • • socially defined expectations of people in a given social position

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
• Which of the following is not an agent of socialization?
Respuesta
  • • school and peers, work
  • • education and media
  • • social group and family
  • • social clubs, team games

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
• All of these are examples of social institutions EXCEPT:
Respuesta
  • • night clubs, hip-hop music
  • • Media, education, religion
  • • Finance, government, legal system
  • • family, social groups, traditional cultures

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
• What is the sociological imagination?
Respuesta
  • • The way you see your ex-boyfriend or girlfriend
  • • The way parents see their children
  • • The ability to distinguish between personal problems and public issues
  • • It enables us to see the connection between people

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
• A family which consists of only parents and children living together is:
Respuesta
  • • Single-parent family
  • • Blended family
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
• A family type which consists of relatives, parents and children living together is:
Respuesta
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family
  • • Blended family
  • • Single-parent family

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
• Many younger people in Kazakhstan probably worry most about:
Respuesta
  • terrorism and migration
  • unemployment and uncertain future
  • Mortgage or home credits
  • nothing

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
• Society brings about acceptance of basic norms through techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior. This process is termed:
Respuesta
  • • stigmatization
  • • labeling
  • • law
  • • social control

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
• The socially defined expectations that a person in a given status follows are called:
Respuesta
  • • a position
  • • a role
  • • a performance
  • • an impression

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
• A person's overall position in society is called:
Respuesta
  • • achieved status
  • • ascribed status
  • • master status
  • • status set

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
• A Civil Society is the one in which citizens enjoy:
Respuesta
  • • freedom
  • • rights
  • • liberty
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
• Bagira divorced her husband 2 years ago and now lives together with her two children, this family type is called?
Respuesta
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family
  • • Blended family
  • • Single parent family

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
• If Aina and Amir both remarry and each enters the marriage with children from their previous marriages; this is an example of what type family?
Respuesta
  • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family
  • • Single-parent family
  • • C. Blended family

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
• Rosa and Sultan have lived together for four years, they both have a two-year old son but they are still formally not husband and wife, their relationship is called?
Respuesta
  • • Unmarried couple
  • • divorced couple
  • • common law marriage or co-habitation
  • • married couple

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
• For most women divorce could result in:
Respuesta
  • • Lack of money
  • • Poverty
  • Loneliness
  • • alcoholism

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
• According to Edward T. Hall, which of the following zones of personal space is the one normally used in interaction with friends and close acquaintances?
Respuesta
  • • intimate distance
  • • personal distance
  • • social distance
  • • public distance

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
• Our beliefs, ideas, ways of thinking, languages, behavior all come from:
Respuesta
  • • our genes
  • • our intergration
  • • our socialization
  • • our food

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below is not a non-profit or a non-commercial organization?
Respuesta
  • • The United Nations Organization (UNO)
  • • UNICEF
  • • The World Bank
  • • The International Red Cross Organization

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
• The bureaucratic administrative system stipulates clear division of labour, hierarchy and effective communication in large organizations: who is the author of this work?
Respuesta
  • • C.W. Wright
  • • G.H. Meads
  • • M. Weber
  • • A. Comte

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below is an example of NGO (Non-Government Organization)?
Respuesta
  • • UNESCO
  • • FIFA
  • • Greenpeace
  • • Microsoft

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below is an example of a multinational company?
Respuesta
  • • The United Nations Organization (UNO)
  • • International Olympic Committee
  • • Credit Suisse Bank
  • • Kaztelekom

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
• All of the listed below are International Organizations EXCEPT which one?
Respuesta
  • • UNESCO
  • • FIFA
  • • Gazprom
  • • United Nations Organizations

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
• The Internet rearranges our experience of space-time by making it possible to:
Respuesta
  • • communicate instantly with people far away
  • • experience what it's like to be a different gender
  • • interact in an unreal and alienated way
  • • communicate without non-verbal cues

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
• Writing took thousands of years to go round the world, worldwide digital communications has taken only:
Respuesta
  • • 2 minutes
  • • 20 years
  • • 200 years
  • • 2 years

Pregunta 51

Pregunta
• What are mores?
Respuesta
  • • Norms that people consider pivotal to the well-being of the nation or the group.
  • • the written and unwritten rules
  • • more and more money
  • • traditions and values

Pregunta 52

Pregunta
• A group of people living on a territory, with a common culture, language, values and other symbols is known as?
Respuesta
  • • community
  • • society
  • • family
  • • social group

Pregunta 53

Pregunta
A social class is a group of people who stand in a common relationship to the means of production’. Whose perspective does this definition describe?
Respuesta
  • • Max Weber
  • • Erik Olin-Wright
  • • John Goldthorpe
  • • Karl Marx

Pregunta 54

Pregunta
• What is stigma?
Respuesta
  • • it is a form of positive identity
  • • a change in a person’s personality character
  • • a form of punishment for a crime
  • • a powerful negative label that radically changes a person's self concept and social identity.

Pregunta 55

Pregunta
• What term is used to describe the movement of individuals up or down the social scale during the course of their working lives?
Respuesta
  • • open mobility
  • • lateral mobility
  • • intergenerational mobility

Pregunta 56

Pregunta
• A system of stratification where positions are partly achieved and mobility is common is one based on:
Respuesta
  • • slavery
  • • caste
  • • class
  • • status

Pregunta 57

Pregunta
• Which of the following does John Scott identify as belonging to the middle class?
Respuesta
  • • senior executives
  • • industrial entrepreneurs
  • • finance capitalists
  • • none of the above

Pregunta 58

Pregunta
• The idea that classes vary according to their possession of cultural capital is associated with:
Respuesta
  • • Max Weber
  • • John Goldthorpe
  • • Karl Marx
  • • Pierre Bourdieu

Pregunta 59

Pregunta
• The Kuznets hypothesis states that as economic development proceeds, inequality:
Respuesta
  • • first decreases, then increases then it remains high
  • • first increases, then decreases, before remaining low
  • • first increases, then flattens out, before rising again
  • • first increases, then decreases, then increases, then decreases

Pregunta 60

Pregunta
• Kazakhstan can be said to be in the earlier stage of:
Respuesta
  • • Industrialization
  • • Post-industrialization
  • • Agricultural
  • • Pastoral society

Pregunta 61

Pregunta
• The most crucial agents of socialization in teaching gender roles in Kazakhstan are
Respuesta
  • • parents
  • • peers
  • • teachers
  • • media personalities

Pregunta 62

Pregunta
• Changes in a person’s personality and values due to changes in their environment (job, retirement, marriage, prison, military) is known as:
Respuesta
  • • Resocialization
  • • Total institutions
  • • Segregation
  • • New identity

Pregunta 63

Pregunta
• Walt Disney, Sony and Time Warner are examples of:
Respuesta
  • • transnational corporations
  • • multi-media empires
  • • ownership concentrated within one medium
  • government-owned companies

Pregunta 64

Pregunta
• The effect of the Internet upon the public sphere has been to:
Respuesta
  • • revive it, by reaffirming a commitment to freedom of speech
  • • repress it, by promoting only the interests of elite groups
  • • reproduce it, by emphasizing face-to-face contact with peer groups
  • • replace it with a superior form of communication

Pregunta 65

Pregunta
• Sreberny-Mohammadi (1996) argues that national cultures can resist American cultural domination of the media by:
Respuesta
  • • domesticating its content, including more 'home-produced' programmes
  • • controlling the distribution of imported products by banning satellite dishes
  • creating 'reverse flows' of their own programmes back to imperial societies
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 66

Pregunta
• The principle of a Civil Society includes which of the following?
Respuesta
  • • Civil rights
  • • civil freedom
  • • civil liberty
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 67

Pregunta
• The 'nuclear family' means:
Respuesta
  • • a group of people sharing living accommodation and meals
  • • a network of relatives extended within or between generations
  • • the new family created when an adult leaves home and gets married
  • two generations of parents and their children living together

Pregunta 68

Pregunta
• Parsons argued that the two main functions of the modern family were:
Respuesta
  • • secondary socialization and strict discipline
  • • emotional support and sexual gratification
  • • primary socialization and personality stabilization

Pregunta 69

Pregunta
• Stone's research suggests that prior to industrialization, the nuclear family:
Respuesta
  • • did not exist in any form
  • • had begun to disappear, as extended networks of kin became more important
  • • had begun to emerge through the separation of work and home life
  • • was simply another institution of patriarchal control

Pregunta 70

Pregunta
• Which sociological perspective argues that people must respect social norms if any group or society is to survive?
Respuesta
  • the conflict perspective
  • • the feminist perspective
  • • the functionalist perspective
  • • the interactionist perspective

Pregunta 71

Pregunta
• Which of the following describes a condition in which members of a society have different amounts of wealth, prestige, or power?
Respuesta
  • • slavery
  • • social inequality
  • • status inconsistency
  • • social stratification

Pregunta 72

Pregunta
• Marriage appears to be in decline because:
Respuesta
  • • the proportion of people living alone has fallen to 29%
  • • many people are cohabiting in long term relationships
  • • the upward curve of remarriages compensates for the drop in first marriages
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 73

Pregunta
• What is culture?
Respuesta
  • • Folk music and dances
  • • Material and non-material productions including language, traditional believes
  • • “Kazakh Kozhe”
  • • food and drinks

Pregunta 74

Pregunta
• An 'open' society is one that:
Respuesta
  • • grants every citizen equal status
  • • there is no corruption in the government
  • • has permissive attitudes towards sexual behavior
  • • allows people to move between levels of the hierarchy

Pregunta 75

Pregunta
• Suppose that a workplace requires that only Kazakh be spoken, even when it is not a business necessity to restrict the use of other languages. This requirement would be an example of:
Respuesta
  • • scapegoating
  • • prejudice
  • • institutional discrimination
  • • a self-fulfilling prophecy

Pregunta 76

Pregunta
• The term 'wealth' refers to:
Respuesta
  • • a stock of economic resources, including estates or invested capital that brings income
  • • the culturally valued commodities and standards of living that make the poor feel relatively deprived
  • • the 'slices' of the population who own differing amounts of wealth
  • • the flow of money a person receives from their salary or wage

Pregunta 77

Pregunta
• The term 'assets' refers to:
Respuesta
  • • the culturally valued commodities and standards of living that make the poor feel relatively deprived
  • • the flow of money a person receives from their salary or wage
  • • a stock of economic resources, including land, shares and bank deposits
  • • the 'slices' of the population who own differing amounts of wealth

Pregunta 78

Pregunta
• The respect or admiration that an occupation holds in a society is referred to as:
Respuesta
  • • ranking
  • • esteem
  • • status
  • • prestige

Pregunta 79

Pregunta
• A social stratum is:
Respuesta
  • • a level in the social hierarchy, comprising people with shared life chances
  • methodological tool used to identify a person's social class
  • • the boundary between two levels of the social hierarchy
  • • a symbol of status, used to differentiate between social classes

Pregunta 80

Pregunta
• Weber defined a 'class situation' as:
Respuesta
  • • the exploitation of the working class by their capitalist employers
  • • a social group's consciousness of their status and life chances
  • • a person's position in the capital, product and labour markets, based on their economic resources
  • • the lifestyle of a social class, as defined by patterns of consumption

Pregunta 81

Pregunta
In modern societies, social status is typically measured by a person's:
Respuesta
  • • Age
  • • Income
  • • verbal fluency
  • • occupation

Pregunta 82

Pregunta
• How is terrorism different from the types of crime described by the Chicago School?
Respuesta
  • • it is committed on a larger, often global, scale, and is well organized
  • • it is associated with political conflict between states and their citizens
  • • it can have far-reaching effects upon international relations
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 83

Pregunta
• The business idea which can be started easily by anyone with great enthusiasm and hope to become rich or move to an upper class is called:
Respuesta
  • • a start-up business
  • • an industry
  • • corporate business
  • • a sole proprietorship or one-man business

Pregunta 84

Pregunta
• The capitalist class of the mid-twentieth century were said to join the upper class because they:
Respuesta
  • • participated in the same leisure pursuits and events of the 'social calendar'
  • • emulated the lifestyle and cultural values of the traditional aristocracy
  • • owned companies and financial assets that generated wealth through corporations
  • • had direct, personal ownerships of land and businesses as physical assets

Pregunta 85

Pregunta
• What is the name of the process by which we acquire a sense of identity and become members of society?
Respuesta
  • • Rationalization
  • • Colonization
  • • Organization
  • • Socialization

Pregunta 86

Pregunta
• In contemporary societies, social institutions are:
Respuesta
  • • highly specialized, interrelated sets of social practices
  • • disorganized social relations in a postmodern world
  • • virtual communities in cyberspace
  • • no longer relevant to sociology

Pregunta 87

Pregunta
• When sociologists study the structure of layers in society and people's movement between them, they call this:
Respuesta
  • • social stratification
  • • social control
  • • social conflict
  • • social solidarity

Pregunta 88

Pregunta
• Social norms are:
Respuesta
  • • creative activities such as gardening, cookery and craftwork
  • • the symbolic representation of social groups in the mass media
  • • religious beliefs about how the world ought to be
  • • rules and expectations about interaction that regulate social life

Pregunta 89

Pregunta
• Society cannot be studied in the same way as the natural world because:
Respuesta
  • • human behavior is meaningful, and varies between individuals and cultures
  • • it is difficult for sociologists to gain access to a research laboratory
  • • sociologists are not rational or critical enough in their approach
  • • we cannot collect empirical data about social life

Pregunta 90

Pregunta
• Sociology differs from common sense in that:
Respuesta
  • • it focuses on the researchers' own experiences
  • • it makes little distinction between the way the world is and the way it ought to be
  • • its knowledge is accumulated from many different research contexts
  • • it is subjective and biased

Pregunta 91

Pregunta
• Sociological imagination is contained in the work of:
Respuesta
  • • P.L. Berger
  • • C. Wright Mills
  • • B. Weber
  • • D. Goffman

Pregunta 92

Pregunta
• The idea of Sociological perspectives belongs to:
Respuesta
  • • T. Parsons
  • • D. Goffman
  • • Peter L. Berger
  • • M. Weber

Pregunta 93

Pregunta
• ________________is the author of mechanical and organic solidarity
Respuesta
  • • A. M.Weber
  • • B. K.MARX
  • • E. DURKHEIM
  • • A.COMTE

Pregunta 94

Pregunta
• Police officers, judges, administrators, employers, sport trainers and managers of movie theaters are all instruments of:
Respuesta
  • • Informal social control
  • • Social institutions
  • • Formal social control
  • • Socialization process

Pregunta 95

Pregunta
• What are values?
Respuesta
  • • ideas that people accept as true about the world operates
  • • the place where individual’s fit in in the world
  • • ideas rooted in blind faith, experience, tradition, or scientific observation
  • • A group’s ideas and shared conceptions of what is good, right, and important

Pregunta 96

Pregunta
• The Mafia is an example of:
Respuesta
  • • white collar crime
  • • organized crime
  • • global terrorism

Pregunta 97

Pregunta
• Role-learning theory suggests that…
Respuesta
  • • We internalize and take on social roles from a pre-existing framework
  • • we create and negotiate our roles through interaction with others
  • • social roles are not fixed or stable but fluid and pluralistic
  • • roles have to be learned to suppress unconscious motivations

Pregunta 98

Pregunta
• Bowlby's maternal deprivation thesis claimed that:
Respuesta
  • • mothers who are living in poverty cannot afford to give their children the resources that other children enjoy
  • • children deprived of an early, secure attachment to their mother are prone to suffer physically, intellectually and socially in later life
  • • 'mothering' is a socially constructed activity identified in the narratives of new mothers
  • • deprivation is something children inherit, usually through their mother's side

Pregunta 99

Pregunta
• White collar jobs are:
Respuesta
  • • Jobs for white people
  • • Jobs for the middle class people who tend to wear white shirts to work
  • • Jobs for people who work in government offices
  • • Jobs for school teachers

Pregunta 100

Pregunta
• White-collar crime (Consumer fraud, bribery, and income tax evasion, conspiracy) means:
Respuesta
  • • Economic Crime
  • • Corruption
  • • Deviant behavior
  • • Nonviolent crime committed by the upper/middle class during the course of their occupations

Pregunta 101

Pregunta
• Victimless crime is:
Respuesta
  • • Corruption
  • • Crimes in which laws are violated but there is no identifiable victim
  • • Traffic offence
  • • Deviant behavior

Pregunta 102

Pregunta
• Welfare capitalism is:
Respuesta
  • • A system of market based economy
  • • A social welfare system
  • • A capitalist economy with extensive social welfare system that includes free health care and education for all citizens
  • • free health care and education

Pregunta 103

Pregunta
• What is Stereotype?
Respuesta
  • • A stereo music sound
  • • A group of rock music
  • • An assumption often on the basis of incorrect or incomplete information
  • • Incorrect language

Pregunta 104

Pregunta
• What is Social control?
Respuesta
  • • A system of traffic control
  • • Control of students
  • • Laws, Systems and traditional ways a society uses to make people conform to norms
  • • None of the above

Pregunta 105

Pregunta
• Rationalization of society is:
Respuesta
  • • Weber’s theory that bureaucracies would gain increasing power over modern life
  • • Government power
  • • Nationalization
  • • Increasing power of the modern economy

Pregunta 106

Pregunta
• Who coined the term “Power elite”?
Respuesta
  • • M. Beber
  • • H. Spencer
  • • C. Wright Mills
  • • A. Giddens

Pregunta 107

Pregunta
• What is Micro-sociology?
Respuesta
  • type of Sociological paradigm
  • • A large scale social problem
  • • A study of small group
  • • Sociological analysis focused on social interaction between individuals

Pregunta 108

Pregunta
• What is Macro-sociology?
Respuesta
  • • A type of Sociological paradigm
  • • A large scale social problem
  • • A study of small group
  • • Sociological analysis focused on social institutions and functioning of the society

Pregunta 109

Pregunta
• The Dominant culture is:
Respuesta
  • • Elite culture
  • • The culture held by the majority and/or by the most powerful group in a society
  • • A subculture
  • • Non-material culture

Pregunta 110

Pregunta
• Bureaucratic authority refers to a system of:
Respuesta
  • • Group administration with strict rules
  • • One man government
  • • A government by a charismatic leader
  • • A system featuring a Royal Monarch

Pregunta 111

Pregunta
• A Charismatic authority, according to Weber’s power theory means:
Respuesta
  • • Bureaucratic group
  • • Political group
  • • Authority that depends on the personal magnetism of one person
  • • A dictatorship

Pregunta 112

Pregunta
• Sutherland's study of the 'professional thief' suggested that:
Respuesta
  • • people are socialized into a life of crime by associating with others who define it in positive terms
  • • the majority of crime is committed by middle class people in professional occupations
  • • those who were arrested and charged with theft did not define themselves as thieves
  • • the most dangerous criminals on the street were those who were highly skilled thieves

Pregunta 113

Pregunta
• A social policy that refers to positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities –the policy of equal opportunities for all citizens is referred to as?
Respuesta
  • • Affirmative action
  • • Independent action
  • • Democratic process
  • • Electoral process

Pregunta 114

Pregunta
• The basic philosophy behind artificial intelligence is that
Respuesta
  • • Machines would soon not obey people
  • • Man would never design machines that he cannot control
  • • machine would control humans
  • • Machines would attack humans

Pregunta 115

Pregunta
• All of these are the opportunities with “Digital transformations” except which
Respuesta
  • • A new set of professions would be created
  • • People would not do dangerous jobs
  • • Computer would attack people
  • • Comfort and prosperity

Pregunta 116

Pregunta
• Structural functionalists describe society as:
Respuesta
  • • A normative framework of roles and institutions
  • • A country
  • • Families
  • • Ethnic groups

Pregunta 117

Pregunta
• Culture, translated from Latin means:
Respuesta
  • • Our language
  • • Music and dance
  • • civilization
  • • administration

Pregunta 118

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below is not a material culture?
Respuesta
  • • Tools/instruments
  • • mineral resource
  • • political institution
  • • yurta

Pregunta 119

Pregunta
• According to Augustus Comte, __________ means sociology is a positive science of the society
Respuesta
  • • Symbolic inter action
  • • Feminism theory
  • • Positivism theory
  • • Scientific theory

Pregunta 120

Pregunta
• Freud’s notion of the ego refers to:
Respuesta
  • • Compulsive and uncontrollable behavior
  • • The behavior which we learn as a result of interactions with others
  • • the conscious part of the mind that regulates emotional drives on a practical, rational level
  • • The conscious and sub-conscious mind

Pregunta 121

Pregunta
• According to C. Wright Mills social problems are the ones that affect:
Respuesta
  • • Only a small group
  • • Elite groups
  • • The mass of the population
  • • Only the poor masses

Pregunta 122

Pregunta
• According to C. Wright Mills, whereas personal problems are issues that affect:
Respuesta
  • • The masses
  • • Everyone
  • • Only the individual affected
  • • The politicians

Pregunta 123

Pregunta
• The outbreak of an epidemic or war is an example of:
Respuesta
  • • Personal problem
  • • Mass problem
  • • Social problem
  • • Group problem

Pregunta 124

Pregunta
• Exam mal-practice by students is an example of what?
Respuesta
  • • Social problem
  • • Group problem
  • • University problem
  • • Personal problem

Pregunta 125

Pregunta
• According to C. Wright Mills ‘sociological imagination’ implies:
Respuesta
  • • Social problems of individuals
  • • Problems in our live
  • • Ability to perceive our problems as either personal or social
  • • The political situations

Pregunta 126

Pregunta
• To end poverty and injustice, sociology suggests that we change?
Respuesta
  • • The current monetary system
  • • The national currency
  • • The economic system
  • • The political system

Pregunta 127

Pregunta
• What category of people would be paid a fixed income in the new monetary system?
Respuesta
  • • Healthy adults who do not want to work
  • • Low income workers, pensioners who are too old to work, adults who are too incapacitated to work
  • • Everybody in the society
  • • Students

Pregunta 128

Pregunta
• According to the new monetary system inflation would be controlled by
Respuesta
  • • Speculating on currency, estates and energy
  • • Fixing prices on all commodities
  • • Issuing government bonds
  • • Returning excess money to the monetary agency

Pregunta 129

Pregunta
• Inflation would further be prevented by taxing heavily:
Respuesta
  • • Middle Class
  • • Everybody who gets fixed income
  • • Speculations on Estates, Currency and Commodity
  • • The rich

Pregunta 130

Pregunta
• The two fundamental flaws in our economic system have been identified as:
Respuesta
  • • i) the banking system ii) the wealth distribution system
  • • i) financial crisis ii) commodity price fluctuation
  • • i) Debt as a source of money ii) too many dependable variables in the economic model
  • • i) political ii) financial

Pregunta 131

Pregunta
• The premise of the new monetary system is to achieve:
Respuesta
  • • equality
  • • More rich class
  • • All our macro-economic goals and end to poverty
  • • progress

Pregunta 132

Pregunta
• The most popular Sociological research instrument is:
Respuesta
  • • The questionnaire
  • • The population census
  • • Political ratings
  • • Laboratory experiments

Pregunta 133

Pregunta
• Survey and sampling are both used in which research method?
Respuesta
  • • Secondary data collection
  • • interview
  • • quantitative method
  • • qualitative method

Pregunta 134

Pregunta
• A researcher wants to find out the rates of divorce in Almaty for a period of five years, the most appropriate method to use is?
Respuesta
  • • Survey method
  • • case study method
  • • qualitative method
  • • Quantitative method

Pregunta 135

Pregunta
• Hypotheses can be tested using what methods?
Respuesta
  • • Survey and sampling methods
  • • Qualitative and quantitative methods
  • • All of the listed methods
  • • Null-hypothesis and alternative hypothesis

Pregunta 136

Pregunta
• The relationship that is based on roles and mutual responsibilities is called?
Respuesta
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Marriage
  • • Survey and sampling methods

Pregunta 137

Pregunta
• According to C. Wright Mills the group who controls the wealth and power in the society are referred to as
Respuesta
  • • Middle Class
  • • Aristocratic Families
  • • Ruling Elite
  • • The politicians

Pregunta 138

Pregunta
• The movement of individuals or groups from one social class to another is known as:
Respuesta
  • • Relocation
  • • Emigration
  • • Social mobility
  • • Evacuation

Pregunta 139

Pregunta
• Sociologists has defined two categories of poverty as:
Respuesta
  • • Underclass and working poor
  • • Poor and homeless
  • • Absolute and Relative
  • • Abject and absolute

Pregunta 140

Pregunta
• The behavior that is against the norms and invites serious disapproval in society is known as?
Respuesta
  • • deviance
  • • crime
  • • taboo
  • • stigma

Pregunta 141

Pregunta
• In survey research the group of respondents targeted for the research process is called?
Respuesta
  • • population
  • • Samples
  • • Respondents
  • • focus group

Pregunta 142

Pregunta
• Parsons argued that the two main functions of the modern family were:
Respuesta
  • • Food and House provision
  • • Security and education
  • • Marriage and child bearing
  • • Primary socialization and personality stabilization

Pregunta 143

Pregunta
• Which of the following is not a calculation of average?
Respuesta
  • • Mean
  • • Mode
  • • Median
  • • percentage

Pregunta 144

Pregunta
Research materials from previous research works are known as?
Respuesta
  • • Secondary data
  • • Interviews
  • • Statistical analysis
  • • Questionnaires

Pregunta 145

Pregunta
• Describe the three (3) steps that precede a sociological research
Respuesta
  • • Report/analysis of materials/research method
  • • Research method/data analysis/literature review
  • • The topic/the problem/literature review
  • • research topic/research problem/literature review

Pregunta 146

Pregunta
Proper references must be given for all material sources to avoid what?
Respuesta
  • • Data loss
  • • Plagiarism
  • • Paradigm Shift
  • • Hypothesis

Pregunta 147

Pregunta
• Which research method is most suitable for studying problems facing a company?
Respuesta
  • • Document study
  • • Interview method
  • • Observation method
  • • Experiment method

Pregunta 148

Pregunta
• In sociology social facts are considered to be:
Respuesta
  • • religion, politics and education
  • • meditation, shaping and yoga
  • ideas, feelings, and ways of behaving that we learn from birth
  • • love and romantic feelings

Pregunta 149

Pregunta
• According to K. Marx the capitalist (bourgeoisie) exploits:
Respuesta
  • • The workers.
  • The women.
  • • little children.
  • • the middle class.

Pregunta 150

Pregunta
• Which of these is NOT a belief?
Respuesta
  • • the place where individuals fit in the world
  • • ideas that people accept as true about how the world operates.
  • • ideas rooted in blind faith, experience, tradition, or observation.
  • • general and shared conceptions of what is good, right, and important

Pregunta 151

Pregunta
• What are society norms?
Respuesta
  • • rules of appearance, ways of greeting others, eating, sleeping arrangements, and so forth
  • • only unwritten rules that specify how people should behave
  • only written rules that specify how people should behave
  • the written and unwritten rules that specify how people should behave in particular kinds of situations.

Pregunta 152

Pregunta
• What are the two categories of norms?
Respuesta
  • • folkways and mores
  • • The politicians
  • • traditions and folkways.
  • • values and mores

Pregunta 153

Pregunta
• People who violate Social Norms
Respuesta
  • • often provoke intense reactions or may be severely punished by society.
  • • may be sanctioned
  • • may be severely punished by society.
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 154

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below is an example total institution?
Respuesta
  • • Maternity home
  • • Prison penitentiary
  • • old people’s house
  • • political party

Pregunta 155

Pregunta
• The process by which foreign knowledge, inventions or some other cultural aspects are spread in a society is known as?
Respuesta
  • • Technology transfer
  • • cultural process
  • • culture diffusion
  • • innovation process

Pregunta 156

Pregunta
• What is Re-socialization?
Respuesta
  • • old ways of life
  • • the process of changing old values and acquired new ones
  • • when people change jobs
  • • when people marry again

Pregunta 157

Pregunta
• If a deviant act is 'normalized', it is:
Respuesta
  • • recognized as breaking an important norm of behaviour
  • • seen as a temporary aberration from an otherwise 'normal' character
  • • attributed to the person's genetic or anatomical make up
  • the first step in establishing a deviant career

Pregunta 158

Pregunta
• The term 'secondary deviation' refers to:
Respuesta
  • • the punishment or stigmatization of deviant acts
  • • the labelling of an act as deviant through social reactions to it
  • • the ways in which taking on a deviant role affects future action
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 159

Pregunta
• Sutherland's study of the 'professional thief' suggested that:
Respuesta
  • • people are socialized into a life of crime by associating with others who define it in positive terms
  • • the majority of crime is committed by middle class people in professional occupations
  • • those who were arrested and charged with theft did not define themselves as thieves
  • • the most dangerous criminals on the street were those who were highly skilled thieves

Pregunta 160

Pregunta
• Structural-Functionalists describe society as:
Respuesta
  • • a source of conflict, inequality, and alienation
  • • a complex network of interaction at a micro-level
  • • an unstable structure of social relations
  • • a normative framework of roles and institutions

Pregunta 161

Pregunta
• If Aina and Amir both remarry and each enters the marriage with children from their previous marriages; this is an example of what family?
Respuesta
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family
  • • Single-parent family
  • • Blended family

Pregunta 162

Pregunta
• A type family which consists of two generations of relatives, parents and children living together is:
Respuesta
  • • Blended family
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family
  • • Single-parent family

Pregunta 163

Pregunta
• A family which consists of one generation of parents and children living together is called:
Respuesta
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family
  • • Blended family
  • • Single-parent family

Pregunta 164

Pregunta
• Which of the statements below best describes a family?
Respuesta
  • • a group of people who are living together in the same house
  • • a group of people who are related by marriage or blood only
  • • husband and wife living together with their children
  • • a group of people who are related by marriage, blood or sometimes adoption

Pregunta 165

Pregunta
• Bagira divorced her husband 2 years ago and now lives together with her two children, this family type is called?
Respuesta
  • • Single-parent family
  • • Nuclear family
  • • Extended family
  • • Blended family

Pregunta 166

Pregunta
• Sociologists believe that a woman who plays the roles of the maid, cook, baby-sister in a nuclear family could suffer from:
Respuesta
  • • Depression and stress
  • • Disappointment and anxiety
  • • physical burnout
  • • All of the above

Pregunta 167

Pregunta
• What does Universality of family imply?
Respuesta
  • • It is an old way of life
  • • Family is found in every human society: barbarian, savage or civilized
  • • Family is the smallest unit in the society
  • • Family provides everything for you

Pregunta 168

Pregunta
• The hunting and gathering society maintained small families because:
Respuesta
  • • They did not produce enough food to feed many mouths
  • • they preferred qualitative culture
  • • the cared more about nature
  • • there wasn’t enough work for many people to do

Pregunta 169

Pregunta
• The Artificial Intelligence is likely to change our:
Respuesta
  • • Ideas of traditional cultures and values
  • • The way we see each other
  • • Working and shopping
  • • People’s nature

Pregunta 170

Pregunta
• The agricultural society probably maintained large families because:
Respuesta
  • • They have devised new farming technology
  • • They were able to produce more food to feed lots of people
  • • They lived a permanent settlement in small communities
  • • They began to have city states

Pregunta 171

Pregunta
• The most important criteria for effective communication are that it must be:
Respuesta
  • • Loud and Concise
  • • Interesting and Informative
  • • Clear and Concise
  • • Narrative and Detailed
  • • Interesting to hear

Pregunta 172

Pregunta
• Communication is described as:
Respuesta
  • • Ability to have many friends
  • • Becoming very popular among family and friends
  • • Being very sociable
  • • transmission of essential information from one side to another

Pregunta 173

Pregunta
• Good communicators often possess two distinct characteristics:
Respuesta
  • • They are extroverts
  • • They are good listeners and self-confident
  • • They are introverts
  • • They are very sociable

Pregunta 174

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below is an example of open ended question?
Respuesta
  • • Can you please say your name?
  • • Where did you come from originally?
  • • Is this your first visit to Astana?
  • • It’s a lovely day today, isn’t it?

Pregunta 175

Pregunta
• What is Plagiarism?
Respuesta
  • • Using someone’s written work without references to the author
  • • Stealing a research paper
  • • Buying a ready project paper
  • • Copy and paste article from the internet

Pregunta 176

Pregunta
• What does research imply?
Respuesta
  • • Academic hoax
  • • Academic work
  • • The work you do to get a university degree
  • • An extensive reading and writing work for the purpose of getting a new kind of knowledge

Pregunta 177

Pregunta
• The Internet of Things imply?
Respuesta
  • • Wi-Fi enhanced machines
  • • Interaction between people
  • • The work you do on the internet
  • • Interactions between people and machines via Wi-Fi

Pregunta 178

Pregunta
• What does marriage to a minor imply?
Respuesta
  • • old ways of life
  • • a marriage of an adult to someone who is under the official marriage age
  • • marriage of a man to a young woman
  • • when people marry again

Pregunta 179

Pregunta
• What does Peter Berger’s sociological perspective imply?
Respuesta
  • • The ability to see the specific in a general phenomenon and to see things from different perspectives
  • • Internalizing problems
  • • Ability to think clearly
  • • Externalizing social problems

Pregunta 180

Pregunta
• Which of the groups below form the Ruling Elite according to C.W. Mills?
Respuesta
  • • Top politicians
  • • Top Military officers
  • • Corporate magnates
  • • All of the above

Pregunta 181

Pregunta
• The vast majority of people in Kazakhstan fall into which of the class categories below?
Respuesta
  • • Upper middle and low middle class
  • • Middle class and working class
  • • upper class and upper middle class
  • • working class and lower class

Pregunta 182

Pregunta
• People in society are stratified according to:
Respuesta
  • • occupation, leisure and lifestyle
  • • wealth, power and status
  • • money and power
  • • education and prestige

Pregunta 183

Pregunta
• Sociologists are concerned about what aspects of the Industrial 4.0?
Respuesta
  • • over dependency on technologies
  • • the social impact of AI
  • • deep poverty
  • • displaced workers

Pregunta 184

Pregunta
• The philosophy behind technologies is that:
Respuesta
  • • the man would never design machines that he could not control
  • • machine would control people
  • • machine would build machines
  • • people would become lazy

Pregunta 185

Pregunta
• According to the author, Ray Kurtzwel, SINGULARITY is:
Respuesta
  • • Computers becoming smaller by 2024
  • • Computer would become as smart as humans by 2024
  • • Solution to mathematical equations
  • • A view of the future with the supercomputers

Pregunta 186

Pregunta
• Youth is defined as who?
Respuesta
  • • The most active group in society
  • • People in the age 13-30 years
  • • Young men
  • • People who do sport

Pregunta 187

Pregunta
• What is co-habitation according to sociologists?
Respuesta
  • • One-person household
  • • a man and woman living together not married officially
  • • family members living together in a household
  • • people living together in one house

Pregunta 188

Pregunta
• Why do people in industrial society prefer smaller families?
Respuesta
  • • They don’t like children much
  • • they have preference for one-man-one-wife and a more quality life culture
  • • they cannot afford many children
  • • the live city life with difficult living conditions

Pregunta 189

Pregunta
• Crimes and inequality are lacking in Hunting and Gathering society because?
Respuesta
  • • They live the old ways of life
  • • People live in small communities without properties
  • • People often change professions and move about a lot
  • • People do various jobs every day

Pregunta 190

Pregunta
• What are some of the negativities found in families?
Respuesta
  • • bad parenting could damage a child’s psyche forever
  • • families can suppress a person’s freedom and progress
  • • woman and child abuse are common features in many families
  • • all of the above

Pregunta 191

Pregunta
• Which of the listed below is true for nuclear families?
Respuesta
  • • Regular conflicts make them unstable
  • • The woman is stressed and depressed from burnout:(cleaning, cooking, shopping and caring for everyone)
  • • Children are often lonely, abused and egoistic
  • • All of the above are true

Pregunta 192

Pregunta
• How do societies pass their culture to the next generation?
Respuesta
  • • When they fight wars with other groups
  • • with language and by watching actions
  • • when people emigrate
  • • when people marry and start a family

Pregunta 193

Pregunta
• What does ethnocentricism imply?
Respuesta
  • • A way of thinking that one’s culture is better than that of others
  • • the process of changing old values and acquiring new ones
  • • Homophobia
  • • Aculturization process

Pregunta 194

Pregunta
• What does culture diffusion imply?
Respuesta
  • • Borrowing a culture
  • • the process of spreading a culture
  • • learning a foreign language
  • • the process of controlling people

Pregunta 195

Pregunta
• In which of these ways can cultures come to a society?
Respuesta
  • • Indoctrination, imitation and conditioning
  • • Borrowing and diffusion,
  • • War, conquer and immigration
  • • All of the above

Pregunta 196

Pregunta
• Why must culture continue to change as the people change with time?
Respuesta
  • • To keep old ways of life
  • • To make the culture modern and more creative
  • • To kill the culture
  • • To adopt a new way of life

Pregunta 197

Pregunta
• The term social Darwinism was coined by who?
Respuesta
  • • H. Spencer
  • • R. Dahrendorf
  • • T. Parsons
  • • P. Piaget

Pregunta 198

Pregunta
• Who inveighed that all our problems are social problems?
Respuesta
  • • T. Parsons
  • • G. H. Meads
  • • C. Wright Mills
  • • M. Weber

Pregunta 199

Pregunta
• What does inter-generational mobility imply?
Respuesta
  • • The process of changing jobs to improve career
  • • movement into different occupational categories between generations
  • • ability to move from one class to another
  • • vertical or horizontal class movement

Pregunta 200

Pregunta
• What is a nuclear family?
Respuesta
  • • two generations of mother, father and their children living together
  • • when two divorced people marry again
  • • family that either has no children or none living with the parents
  • • when people marry their relatives
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