National Maritime Heritage Museum (Purtugal + India - Lothal GJ) Kheer Bhawani Mela - Kashmiri pandit fest in Jyeshtha Ashtami Vaccine for Alzheimer’s Disease - Dr. Kiran Bhaskar (an Indian-American scientist at the University of New Mexico) led team has developed an early version vaccine for Alzheimer’s disease. Vaccine intervention could rescue memory impairments and prevent neurons from dying by reducing tau tangles in parts of the brain that are critical to memory and learning * Alzheimer - neurological disorder which causes brain cells to degenerate and die. This leads to loss of memory, problems with words in speaking or writing, poor judgment, changes in mood and personality, confusion with time or place, and increases with time. Ozone-depleting substances include: Ozone layer in Stratosphere (Upper Atmosphere) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) Hydrobromoflurocarbons (HBFCs) Halons Methyl bromide Carbon tetrachloride Methyl chloroform * Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Causes - High temperature + humid (overeating of litchi also causes vomiting as it contains hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropyl-glycine toxins which causes Low blood pressure in undernourished children) Symptoms - confusion, disorientation, coma, or inability to talk, high fever, vomiting, nausea, and unconsciousness and inflammation of brain. Viruses are the main causative agents in AES cases, although other sources such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, spirochetes, chemicals, toxins, and noninfectious agents have also been reported over the past few decades. It is not vaccine-preventable. In 2016 at least 103 children dies because of JE and AES after consuming CASSIA occidentalis beansoccidentalis beans also known as "Bada Chakunda" in Odisha - Malangiri as govt as Govt has burn the plant, information awareness in Tribal areas and Vaccination included in regular basis. C. occidentalis grows throughout the tropical and subtropical United States, Africa, Asia and Australia. commonly weed found throughout the India. * Libra Cryptocurrency - Facebook The name is inspired by the origins of money in Ancient Rome, where the Libra was a unit of weight used to mint coins. App CALIBRA   * WHO's AWaRe - safer use of antibiotics, curb resistance, safer use of antibiotics, curb resistance which will help policy maker and health worker. A = Access to medicine, Wa = Watch the availibility, Re - Reserve for last resort. Link about AWaRe and Antibiotic resistance - https://www.insightsonindia.com/2019/06/19/aware-a-who-tool-for-safer-use-of-antibiotics/ clause J of rule 56 of the Fundamental Rules - Compulsory retirement by President which is in public interest. * Markendeshwar temple - Maharashtra In gadchiroli district on river wainganga n of Shiva,vaishnava n Shakti belief n nagara style temple. Also called as khajuraho of vidarbha. * Back to Villages’ program under which government officers visit villages to redress grievances of people at their doorsteps. * Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963 - international treaty btwn independent states. Under art 36, it States that host country should intimate the arrested individuals embassy in the host country n give consular access * Pathamadai Silk Mat – Tamilnadu (GI tag) - Pathamadai mat is made up of Korai grass specially for Wedding ceremony having couple name and date woven. * National Policy and Action Plan for Implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Indian Judiciary – 2005

Defending In Numbers - Bianniel report by the Asian Forum for Human Rights and Development (FORUM‐ASIA). report documented 688 cases of violations and abuses affecting 4,854 people — including human rights organisations, local communities and media outlets — across 18 countries in the continent between 2017 and 2018. The World Population Prospects 2019’ published by the Population Division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, India is projected to surpass China as the world’s most populous country by 2027 and surpass china, published by the Population Division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs and remain most populous till the end of century. Population to increase by 2 bn more by 2050. By 2050, 1 in every 6 people will be above age of 65 yrs (16% from 11% in 2019) due to incresed life expentency and decreased fertility. Europe and North america will have most. Many countries will see population decrese by 1% due to high infertility rate and emigration. Life expentancy continue to b low in poor county and males will continue to outnumber the females till end of century. World Best Universities Ranking - QS World University Rankings. MIT topped for 8th consecutive year. IIT-B topped from india. majority being Govt run College/Universities out of 23 (only 5 Pvt org) under 1000 university. International trade center (WTO+UN in 1964) report the same competitiveness outlook 2019 : big money for small business. enhancing access to SME's - SDG-9.3 N SDG-8.3 WHO 2018 GLOBAL TB REPORT - nearly half of the world's MDR-TB (24%) are in India. SDG 2030 to end TB. RBI released 19th FINANCIAL STABILITY REPORT which mentions indian financial system remains stable in backdrop of improving banking sector ILO in its report ‘Working on a Warmer Planet: The Impact of Heat Stress (above 35 dregree) on Labour Productivity and Decent Work’ revealed that rising heat stress due to climate change could lead to the loss of 80 million jobs by 2030 based on 1.5 degree warming of planet. As per WHO heatwave wl cause 38k extra dealth worldwide between 2030 - 50. https://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/876image2.webp. Affected Sectors - Agri, Construction (most affected) and environment goods and services. Around 2% of total working hour loss (2.4 Trillion). Most affected region are "South asia n Western Africa = (5 working hours)" will increase more inequality btwn developed n developing nation. Global Innovation index - by WIPO, INSEED n Confederation of Indian industry. First tym being launched in emerging country.anually it is published by WIPO, INSEED n Cornell University. India has been consistently improving with 52nd spot from 57 In 2018. As per report of Journal nature, proper diet containing amino acid with chemotherapy can reduce cancer tumor. India’s Ecommerce Market as per Morgan Stanley report – 2019, India is adding 1 Internet user every 3 Seconds. https://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/727image3.webp Global Liveability Index - By The Economic Intelligence Unit considered 140 cities for rankings. Consider 5 parameter- healthcare , education, stability, infrastructure and Culture n environment World Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index 2019, released by the World Economic Forum ranked India 36th from 40th in 2018 publishes biannually Rule of law report by World justice project n got 68th rank Child’s Well-Being Index Report - kerla,Tamil Nadu,HP topped. MP worst by IFMR LEAD & an NGO World Vision India. World bank report - "quality unknown - the invisible water crisis" mentions that heavily polluted river can reduce economic growth upto a third in some countries. SARAL - State rooftop solar attractiveness index by min of new n renewable energy reports Karnataka topping the list. Govt aims to install 175 GW of renewable energy by 2022 of which 100 GW is from solar power. Ease of doing business - by world bank. India moved to 63rd position from 77th in 2018. Have improved in starting a business, construction permit, Resolving insolvency n trading across border. Economist Intelligence Unit’s 2019 Global Microscope on Financial Inclusion report, India (ranked at 5th position)  Min of rural development released  5th edition of wasteland atlas 2019 National health profile 14th edition by Central Beauro of health intelligence (under director general of health services,1961) . Started since 2005. Global wealth report - by Credit Suisse. India's household wealth increased by 5.2% in dollars. India's household wealth grew fastest in the world & accounts 2% of World's millionaire. Globally 0.9% people hold 44% of wealth. Global Competitiveness Index 4.0 (GCI 4.0) - WEF (10 points drop from 48 to 58. Negative turn in 8 out of 12 points) Germanwatch (independent international environment think tank) report - Global climate risk index 2020 - India on 5th position on index n most affected are Japan, phillipines and Germany. data released by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), India topped the list of arms importer accounting for 13% of the trade in weapons platform between 2012-2018. UNEP Emissions Gap Report - India is 4th largest emmitter of GHG in the world after China, US, EU respectively. If world wants to keep the emmision level as per UNEP 2degree celcius then annual decrease of 7% should be achieved between 2020 to 2030. World press freedom index by Reporters without borders ranked India 140 out of 180 countries. Geochemical baseline atlas prepared by CSIR-NGRI (national geophysical research institute founded in 1961) to study toxic  chemical in soil, asses companies contribution in soil toxicity n soil toxicity contaminating ground water.

* Anthrax - Anthrax is a disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a germ that lives in soil. It does not spread directly from human-human or animal to human but spread through pores (Skin). If human wear cloths or shoes of infected person. Takes a week time for symptoms after exposure. Initially shows like cold, then nemonia etc. Are used in Bioterrorism also. Treatment - 60 days antibiotic course. 17 Rights of patient - In its present form, the charter details 17 rights of patients, including right to adequate and relevant information about their illness and treatment, right to emergency medical care without any conditions, right to informed consent before any test or treatment, right to confidentiality as well and human dignity and privacy, right to a second opinion, right to transparency in rates, right to non-discrimination and right to redressal in case of complaints against a doctor or hospital * Hidden hunger: People posing Malnutrition and Obesity both. * Encephalities - https://www.insightsonindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/editorials.png * Nail Lacquer (fortified with an antifungal drug Luliconazole) for Onychomycosis  developed by Researcher from Delhi - India medical science and research. Can be applied as Nail police which release 75% over a period of 24 hours due to its ability to prolonged  drug delivery. Onycomycosys is fungal infection of the nails which affect Toe nail more than fingers caused by mostly dermatophytes (fungi). * Superbug - Bug which are mostly anti ressistent to most of the antibiotics today that causes pneumonia, urinary tract infections and skin infections. Researcher from University of Southern California found that antibiotics can be transmitted from plants to Humans.  Superbug is facilitated by inappropriate use of medicines and Inadequately treated sewage waste etc. * ‘Versavo (bevacizumab)’, a biosimilar of Roche’s Avastin in India. The drug is for the treatment of several types of cancers. * Curcumin - As per recent report Curcumin (turmeric form) can b used for BCG vaccine which increases the T memory cells. * Sample Registration System (SRS) is a large-scale demographic survey for providing reliable annual estimates of Infant mortality rate, birth rate, death rate and other fertility & mortality indicators at the national and subnational levels. * Florescence - florescence is phenomena which when absorbs the light, emit the same. In Tubelight Mercury vapour is used which gets excited after electric current passes through and emit the same. Phosphor coating then emits the lights. * NAA is harmone of auxin family which prevent fruits from immature falling from tree n for not occur naturally. * 1st most common cause of Death in India is Cardiovascular decease. 2nd most is cancer. 8th is road fatalities. * Maxo milatry is mosquito repellent developed by DRDO. * Carbarly pesticide - IIT Bombay has developed something which completely remediate the pesticide. * Lumpy skin desease by neethling virus - skin desease in Animal which cause infertility, poor growth, reduced milk production n chronic Debility. * ETVAX - vaccines trail in Sweden for E.Coli bacteria which causes diaherrea. *

Solanum plastisexum; Australia’s new sex-changing tomato: Also known as Dungowan bush tomato, distant relative of eggplan. Coringa Mangroves - Located on estuaries of Godaveri + Krishna. 2nd largest mangrove in india. Famous for Olive ridley turtle numerous endangered species including the fishing cat, otter, jackal, sea turtles, sea gull, pelican, stork, heron, snipes, flamingos etc. HOPE ISLAND in CWLS. Mangrove - Happens to be in Tropical and Sub tropical countries on Inter Tidal zone. act as buffer between sea and land, filters water, woody tree production, support veriety of habitat. As per India State of Forest Report, 2017, India has nearly 3.3% of the world’s mangrove vegetation. Mangroves Location in India - https://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/312image1.webp El Salvador Recognises Forests as Living Entities Bangladesh declared river as legal person National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD)  now under Min of Jal Shakti (After merging Min of water resource River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation along with Drinking Water and Sanitation)  is responsible for implementing the centrally sponsored national river conservation plan for all rivers across the country except river Ganga and its tributaries (as issues related to Ganga and its tributaries are taken up by National Mission for Clean Ganga). provide clean drinking water, international and inter-states water disputes, to the Namami Gange project aimed at cleaning Ganga and its tributaries, and sub-tributaries. The ministry has roll out the government’s ambitious plan (‘Nal se Jal’ scheme under jal jivan plan) to provide piped water connection to every household in India by 2024. Micryletta aishani - NE Frog specie (Does not have foot web and breed b4 monsoon unlike other species which breed in monsoon) * 2 head Green turtles (right head controls left flipper and right manages right flipper) are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters. Status – Endangered by IUCN & CITES I appendix * Mischogyne iddi(M iddi – Endangered by UNESCO) in Usambra mountain (located in easternmost ranges of Eastern Arc mountain) in Tanzania and unknown of wildlife dependent on these trees. * Niche Tourism – specific tourism such as Golf tourism, Polo tourism, Wildlife tourism, wellness tourism etc. * Saras crane – Vulnerable and list IV of Wildlife protection act 1972 and tallest flying bird in the world is state bird of UP. * 19 million years old Heracles inexpectatus parrot Fossil found which is extinct in new Zealand's st. Nathan's place n termed as largest bird. Bird was flightless n 1 mtr tall n weight around 7kg Twice the size of critically endangered Newzeland kakapo (which was till now largest bird). * Tardigrades - microscopic, multicellular n most durable Earthlings can bear extream heat around 150 degree n -270 degree n can b found anywhere on land,marine n Freshwater area is like 8 legged animal. They can bear near 0 pressure in outer space n crushing depth in Mariana trench. * Mexico prickly pear cactus can replace plastic with bio degradable n would b boon fir world environment As per researchers. * Dampa tiger reserve , mizoram having highest no of clouded leapord which is vulnerable (IUCN) n state animal of meghalaya. Protected under Project tiger n integrated development of wildlife habitat (Centrally sponsored scheme). * Blue flag certification- by FEE (Foundation for environment education) Started in 1985 (Spain tops with 566 beaches). * RePlaN - Reducing plastic in nature by KVIC. * Fly ash app launched by min of power to track Flyash in environment. * Norman myres first gave concept of Biodiversity hotspot. * Pilosaures - predatory reptiles lived in sea 150 mn years ago. Their bones are found in Poland. They are largest carnivorous reptiles ever lived n often called Sea monsters. * Poison Fire Coral - thought to be native to Japan n korra. detected recently in Australia. It is deadly poinsonous coral which can effect person just by touching it n can cause dermatitis n inflammation. If eaten can cause brain damage n organ failure. * Atapaka bird sanctuary at kolleru (on btwn Delta's of Krishna n godavari ) lake in AP. It is listed in Ramsar site. * Senna spectabilis - invasive species threatening the butterfly habitat of wayanad life sanctuary by invasion of their nector plant n larval plants. Butterfly census by kerla forest dept on Wayanad wildlife sanctuary. They found 6 new species of butterfly out of which 3 are rare species such silver forget me not which used to be seen only in Chinnar wildlife sanctuary * Nagarjunasagar-srisailam tiger reserve in AP is largest tiger reserve in the country. Tiger population has increased. Krishna basin cuts though this reserve. Include 5 district of AP, mostly consist of nallamala forest * Odisha - first city to establish plastic park. Min of chemical n fertilizer has planned for four Plastic Parks in Assam (Tinsukia), Madhya Pradesh (Raisen), Odisha (Jagatsinghpur) and Tamil Nadu (Thiruvallur)   * 1. Individual i) Ecads/Ecophene temporary change ii) Ecotype- changes starts getting permanent iii) Ecospecies - Same species bt ...... iv) Species  2. Population - Same species population 3. Community - different population or species. i) Zoocenocis - Faunal community ii) Phytocenocis - Plant it Floral community iii) Microbiocenocis - microbial community 4. Ecosystem - community interact with each other n with their environment by exchanging energy. eg carbon cycling 5. Biosphere   * Sumatran Rhinos - extinct in Malaysia. Javan n sumatran rhinos are critically Endangered and Great one horned rhino or Indian rhino is vulnerable. Great one horned is only rhino found in India out of 3 rhino specie. * Clontridium botulinum bacteria Which releases dangerous toxin can be found in soil, rivers and seawater. Found in low oxygen n warm temperatures which cause mescular paralysis in any living being including human. Recently birds died due to this toxin in Sambhar lake RJ.   * Thylacine or Tasmanian tiger which was believed to be extinct in 1930's is found in tasmania. They have dog like head with powerful jaws and pouch as kangaroo. *

* African Union - Founded on 2001 in Addis ababa, Euthopia mainly to replace org. of African unity - 1963. 55 members of Africa except europian in north africa. * International Atomic energy Agency created in 1957 is an independent org reports to UNGA annually n to UNSC as per their Needs. IAEA’s headquarters is in Vienna, Austria. * India - Founding member of org. WHO -1948 * International whaling commission - governed under International Convention for regulation of whaling n banned whale hunting 1986. 86 members are signatory including India. Japan recently withdrew it's membership. * Universal postal union is speacialized UN agency which is established in 1874 and is the second oldest international organization worldwide after International Telecommunication Union (1865). HQ - Bern swetzerland with 192 member. * International civil aviation Organisation - only for civil aircraft n not for state aircraft and it UN Specialized agency Established in 1944 for standard n procedure of Global air space in chicago. HQ - Montreal , Canada. India is one of it's 193 member. * BIMSTEC (Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Thailand, Bhutan n Nepal) formed in 1997 after Bangkok declaration. * 16th Asian summit in Bangkok, Thailand. * UN Human Rights Council ( Geneva ) It is an inter-governmental body under UN. Created by UNGA in 2006 replacing United nation commission on Human right. * WMO - inter governmental org under UN with 193 member established in 1950. (Geneva swetzerland.) * Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) is an international research expedition to study the physical, chemical, and biological processes that coupled the Arctic atmosphere, sea ice, ocean, and ecosystem. * UN Human Rights Council ( Geneva ) It is an inter-governmental body under UN. Created by UNGA in 2006 replacing United nation commission on Human right. * Minsk duologue forum In 2015 in Belarus to talk abt arms race btwn west n east. Minsk duologue forum inagurated in 2018.   * International Criminal Court (ICC) It is governed by an international treaty called 'The Rome Statute’ which was adopted in 1998. The International Criminal Court (ICC) is the world’s first permanent international criminal court. Headquarters: Hague, Netherlands. * International Court of Justice (ICJ) The ICJ was established in 1945 by the United Nations charter and started working in April 1946. It is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, situated at the Peace Palace in the Hague (Netherlands). * Goldman environment award by Goldman environmental foundation based out of San Francisco, US given to 6 people accross 6 region n till now 6 people from India has won this award. Also called as Green Nobel. * International institute for management n development (IMD - B school based in Switzerland) ranked India 59th from 53rd in 2018. India is lagging behind BRICS Nation only ahead of Brazil (61st). Switzerland topped followed by Denmark n Sweden. The report has 3 parameter 1. investment n dev, 2. Appeal 3.Readiness.   * OPEC plus (countries exporting crude oil other that OPEC countries) countries include Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Brunei, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, Oman, Russia, South Sudan and Sudan. OPEC is intergovernmental organisation is founded in 1960 by Venezuela, soudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq and quwait in Bagdad declaration. As of now OPEC has 14 member countries viz. Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates(UAE), Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Libya, Nigeria, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Republic of Congo, Angola, Ecuador and Venezuela.   * Kimberly process certification scheme - started in 2003 n India is one of the founding member. It Stops the trade in conflict diamonds (conflict diamonds are used by rebel against the govt) 55 members represents 82 countries Including EU with 28 countries. Described in UNSC resolution. * 6th ASEAN Defense minister meeting plus (ADMM+) include ASEAN with other 8 member countries (India, China, Japan, Australia, new zealand, South Korea, USA n Russia) First ADMM+ was held in Hannoi, Vietnam in 2010 which was decided in 2nd ADMM meet in 2007 in Singapore. ADMM plus follows the ADMM+ chairmanship and currently chaired by Thailand.   * Accelators lab - initiative of UNDP , quatar and ....... In India UNDP collaboration with Atal innovation mission for innovation in Environment n climate change solution n pollution. *

* Reciprocal Trade agreement- Countries use bilateral/regional trade agreements to increase market access and expand trade in foreign markets. It can be free trade agreement, preferential trade etc. * Digital trade - according to digital trade report by hinrish foundation n all India mgt association Indias digital trade will grow 14 folds n export in digital growth with 238% by 2030 taking today's base. * When the general price level rises in a country because of the rise in prices of imported commodities, inflation is termed as imported. * PMI (Purchase Manager Index) is an indicator of business activity- in the manufacturing and services sectors saperately and then composite index is constructed. It is realeased on the scale of 0 to 100. Above 50 is considered Expansion & below is called Contraction and at 50 is called no change and usually released at the beginning of the month. * Female labour force participqtion is among the lowest with 23.3% in Asian contries as per world bank report 2019. Vietnam (74%) China (61%), Singapore (50%) Bangladesh (34%). *

Arogyapacha (Miracle Plant) - Plant inhibits in Agasthyamalai range of Kerla which has medicinal properties such as antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumour, anti-ulcer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic and used to treat Fatigue.  Managed by indegenous Kani tribe who live in the agastya rage and physician among them is known as Plathi.

* NASA Curiosity Mission - Largest and most capable rover sent on Mars which landed on 2012 to find chemical and mineral evidence of past habitable environments on Mars. * The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) - Joint mission of ROSCOMOS + ESA to find traces of Gases on Martian Planet which can also help in biological evidences on the planet and operation began in 2016. It will also look for seasonal changes on the mars and Ice sheets beneath.2nd mission ExoMars 2020, is planned for launch in 2020 and will include a rover capable of drilling about 6 feet.  * NASA (Sperm Bank on Mars) - Planned to colonise mars by 2023. Recent study shows that frozen sperms is in same condition as it is on mars and said first person to walk on Mars will be Women. * Orion’s Launch abort system is also called the Ascent Abort Test-2 (AA-2) is tested for NASA's Artemis mission to Moon in 2024. Where orion capsule will b fetched in case of rocket faliour n fall back in Atlantic ocean. * India based nutrino observatory - 51k iron calorimeter (ICAL) is set up at theni destruct of Tamil Nadu to observe the Naturally occurring nutrinos. INO measure Cosmic Ray's. * Ramanujan machine - by Israeli Researcher 'technion' developed it. It is supposed to reverse the process of result by taking result as input n provide scenario what can cause such output * K218b planet - only orbiting star outside solar system (Exoplanet) have water vapour n temperature which may support habitat. It has larger size n gravity n orbit dwarf star k218. 8 times larger than Earth's Mass n found by NASA kepler spacecraft in 2015. * INS Sahyadri and Kiltan The ships are part of the Indian Navy's Eastern Naval Command, based at Visakhapatnam. INS Sahyadri is a Shivalik-class multi-role guided missile stealth frigate. INS Kiltan is a Kamorta-class anti-submarine warfare corvette. INS Sahyadri and Kiltan, are the latest, indigenously designed and built multi-role ships of the Indian Navy. * Tech-saksham - min of MSME to improve the capability of MSME with the help of technology. * Subaru telescope located in Huwaai discovered 20 new moons of Saturn making it planet with most moons with 82 moons n Jupiter with 79. But largest moon in Solar system Ganymede is of Jupiter. Saturn's famous moon - 1. Enceladus - water jets on North n south pole, top part covered with ice. 2. Dione - Rocky planet like Earth's moon.  3. Titan - Possibility of life due to methane availability. NASA's mission dragonfly is on this. * Multidisciplinary Drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) is an international research expedition to study the physical, chemical, and biological processes that coupled the Arctic atmosphere, sea ice, ocean, and ecosystem. * GEMINI (Gagan enabled Mariner instrument for navigation and information) - launched by min of Earth science, the Device is developed for effective dissemination of emergency information and communication on Ocean States Forecast and mapping of Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ) to fishermen. Drawback - one way communication n expensive (9k). Govt panned to subsidised to 90%. * Nutrinos study- First study conducted in Kolar in Karnataka in 1965 at the depth on 2000 meter. * Ultima Thule renamed as Arrakoth. * Winter grade diesel or Alpine diesel developed by State run Indian oil which will be in liquid condition even in -33 degree celcius. Normal diesel contain paraffin wax which freezes during winter in ladakh. * Starlink by SpaceX - Launched 60 satellites in low Earth orbit to provide low cost internet access to people n where there is no internet at all. *

WindRush - UK about citizenship to commonwealth nation and perople residing in UK from so long. One Health Concept - Inter-connectivity of Animal+Human+Environment health by World org of Animal health (OIE - french name abbreviation) Anshula Kan - Firs women CFO of world bank n she is appointed as Managing director of world bank.  Palau joins ISA lies in the western pacific Ocean that consists of coral and volcanic islands surrounded by single barrier reef. http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/924image1.webp Operation thirst - by railways to check for unauthorized selling of packed water. Silk samagra - by central silk board under min of textiles. Dracaena cambodiana - dragon tree found in Assam Working holiday maker program - Australian govt's cultural exchange program which enables young travellers to have extended holiday n earn money through short term employment but it requires certain qualifications such as certain level of English n holding or studying in tertiary education. * BHARATMALA - https://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/529image1.webp * Global goalkeeper award to pm modi on swachha Bharat mission n sanitation by bill n Melinda Gates foundation. * Kajin Sara lake - Can be highest lake in Nepal n world n replaced tilicho lake in Nepal. * Tirur vettila - betal leave have high protein n clorofil have lot of medicinal property from mallalpuram kerla got GI tag. * Operation Bedlam’  is launched for the tourism sector in Kashmir. * Agent Smith - malware to affect Android phone. * Shahariya tribe- Belongs to austro Asian family n speak Munda language. * Plogging for india - movement which started in Sweden n taken as mass movement in 2016 is about jogging with picking up litter. * Ramon Magsaysay (3rd prez of Philippines) Award was established in 1957 and is considered as Asia’s premier prize and highest honour. Ravish Kumar from India has been awarded for journalism. Termed as Noble counterpart of Asia. * Gottiprolu, AP (now renamed as Sri PottiRamulu) on the right bank of River swarnamukhi is said to be oldest trade center of AP. Life sized Vishnu Idol pallava period -8th century) n molded female terracotta figurine along with some indo Greek pottery found. * Pegasus - Malware affecting WhatsApp users worldwide, developed by Israeli firm NSO. * Tort law is the body of laws that enables people to seek compensation for wrongs committed against them * Chiang Mai initiative is multilateral currency swap arrangements btwn Asean + 3 countries setup aftermath of 1997 Asian financial crisis. * National highway 766 - passes through bandipur tiger reserve (2nd highest population of tiger after pench Tiger reserve, MP) where night travelling is been banned by Central govt since 2009 n for which Kerla govt passed a legislation to get it lifted by Central govt. * Cyclone bulbul (7th in 2019) named by Pakistan in Bay of Bengal along odisa n WB. * Cyclone Kyarr, (most intense) Maha,  * Tulagi island - Solomon island’s northern part in South Pacific Btwn Australia n US. * Mt paektu or chengbai (in Chinese) - btwn border of North Korea n China is considered sacred by Korean as they believe that It is their origin n founder Kim sung II born there. It was last errupted 1000 years back, with 9kft height n highest in Korean peninsula. * Thengal char island or bhashanchar uslans, Bangladesh - Formed 2 decades ago due to deposits of Meghana river.  Bangladesh govt has asked Rohigya refugees to go to Bhashan char island which is prone to flooding etc. * Kiribati n Solomon both recognises Taiwan as integral part of China. * Iceberg D28 It is a part of the Amery ice shelf which is the third-largest ice shelf in Antarctica. * India's first E-waste clinic - Bhopal, MP * Saturn has maximum moons with (82) and Jupiter (79) as IAU report reported new 20 moons. * Meghalaya state decided to exclude Bodo-Kachari, Hajong, Koch, Mann, and Rabha are clubbed together as ‘unrepresented tribes' from unrepresented tribe group 6th schedule. * Smominru - malware which infect Botnet to steal credentials n data etc. It doesn't target any specific computer n target any computer. It has capability to reattack the old infected system n use the system for crypto mining at owners expense. * Turkey Launched milatry operation named 'operation peace spring' against Syrian Kurdish militia (YPG) in Northeast Syria. YPG was Ally to US against Islamic state n they are vulnerable after US planned to leave the country. * White island of newzeland is made up of volcanic erruption from last 1.5 lac years is located in Bay of plenty which is north of the country. This volcano is 70% below sea also known as whakari n it sits on Australian plate n Pacific plate. * INS Baaz - Located on Campbell bay of Nicobar island which is southernmost point of India very near to Malacca strait and Banda aceh (250km) from Indonesia. * Pegasus - can also turn mobile phone into spying device by switching on its camera or microphone. * Suranga bawari - Karnataka ( vijayapura) known as Karez (underground water supply system) built during Adil shahi rule for water supply got funding from World monument fund in 2 years timespan, US NGO (founded in 1965) after it got listed in world monument watchlist (launched in 1995 n select heritage site in need biannually) * Sisseri River bridge btwn lower dibang valley n siang in arunachal Pradesh under the Project brahmank. There are four projects of BRO (border road org) in Arunachal Pradesh namely Vartak, Arunank, Brahmank, and Udayak.   *SWARM - attack by houthis of Yemen on Abraiq n Khurais oil refinery of Saudi. Abquik oil refinery is of Saudi Arabia. * Hamas is terror outfit based out in Gaza strip n attack on Palestine. * Novaya zemlya - Russia near arctict region installed S-400 missile system. * Bougainville referendum - due to over exploitation of natural resources n ineuqal distribution and is not accordance with Autonomous Bougainville Government 2001 Accord by Papua New Guinea. Panguna reserve - largest rock cut copper mine in the world n largest reserve of world. * Dallol geothermal field in Danakil field in Ethiopia which is inhabitable. * Etalin hydroelectric project in Arunachal Pradesh built over dibang river ( 2 of it's tributaries) consist on 2 dams.   *

National strategic plan to eliminate TB by 2025. National Nutrition mission (Kuposhan Mukta Bharat or Malnutrition free India by 2022) - This cover women, adolecents and children malnutrition free. National Electric Mobility Mission: 2020 - Demand side incentives,  R&D in technology,charging infrastructure,  Supply side incentives, retro-fitment of on-road vehicles. National Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction (NAPDDR) for 2018-2025 by min of social justice and empowerment - Focus on prevention, Treatment n rehabilitation and high vulnerable district. National Mission on Transformative Mobility and Battery Storage  Doubling Farmers Income by 2022 by Ashok dalwai committee recommendation. This can be largely made possible if farmers generate Solar energy on field along with their crops free India of single-use plastics by 2022 - Plastic waste mgt act 2016 AIDS - eliminating aids by 2030 n mother to child by 2020 by UNAIDS. Call to Action to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis by 2021’

As per IMD, there is deficient rainfall of 33% in Month of june due to Al-Nino which started in January 2019. * Sugar MSP - MSP is decided by central n state govt. Central govt announces prices based on recommendation of Commission for agriculture cost n prices ( attached office of min of agriculture, established in 1965) by Cabinet committee of economic affairs chaired by PM. State advices prices are announced by key sugarcane producer state which are usually higher than central govt. * Komodo dragon - largest living species of lizard, in Komodo Ireland of Indonesia is vulnerable in IUCN list.  * Min of agriculture had launched variety of wheat named Pusa Yashasvi also known as HD-3226. Has Higher content of zinc, protein n gluten.  Resistance against all major rust fungi. * CPI - 40% weightage is given to food 30% service sector. RBI calculates Inflation based on CPI. * Rabi crop - BMWLPG

* Garuda exercise- indian air Force n France 6th edition hosted by France * Nomadic elephant n khaan quest - India mangolia Milatry exercise. * SITMEX - Singapore+India+ Thailand navy exercise held at andman n nicobar island. * Joint Military Exercises of India with Other Countries -  - Yudh Abhyas - USA - Surya Kiran - Milatry Exercise with Nepal - Shakti - France - Mitra Shakti - Sri Lanka - Kurukshetra - Singapore - Hand-in-Hand - China - Ekuverin - Maldives - Garuda Shakti - Indonesia * Maitree - India thiland milatry exercise in meghalaya. Started in 2006. * CORPAT (coordinated patrol) btwn India n Thailand navy in Indian ocean since 2005. * Samudra lakshaman - India Malaysia navy exercise * Defence Exercises between India and France: Varuna – Naval exercise Garuda – Air exercise Shakti – Army exercise * Mitra Shakti - India n shrilanka milatry exercise * Garuda Shakti - India j Indonesia milatry exercise * India - Oman exercise Naseem Al-Bahr is the naval exercise Al - Nagah - Army exercise EX EASTERN BRIDGE-IV - Air exercise (2019 in Oman, Jamnagar 2017) * India Bangladesh- Army (Exercise Sampriti) and Navy (Exercise Milan) * Exercise ekuverin (friends in maldivian language) - 10th joint milatry exercise held in Pune for 14 days. * India Bangladesh- Army (Exercise Sampriti) and Navy (Exercise Milan) * INDRA - India Russia triservice exercise. * bilateral maritime exercise Zair - Al-Bahr (Roar of the Sea) is conducted between India and Qatar * India US exercise Tiger triumph- first time ever triservice humanitarian assistance and disaster Relief (HADR) exercise Is held in vishakhapatnam and kakinada. Military training: Yudh Abhyas and Vajra Prahar Air Forces: Cope India Naval Exercise along with Japan: Malabar *

Min of Power - autonomous min since 1992 to acheive and production of energy in the aountry. 1. Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY): The rural electrification scheme provides for (a) separation of agriculture and non-agriculture feeders and metering 2. Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS): The scheme provides for (a) strengthening of sub-transmission and distribution networks in urban areas & metering 3. Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY): The scheme has been launched for operational and financial turnaround of Discoms. 4. GARV (Grameen Vidyutikaran) App: To monitor transparency in implementation of the electrification schemes, Grameen Vidyut Abhiyantas (GVAs) have been appointed by the government to report progress through GARV app ‘4 Es’ in the revised Tariff Policy: The 4Es include Electricity for all, Efficiency to ensure affordable tariffs, Environment for a sustainable future, Ease of doing business to attract investments and ensure financial viability. * One Nation, One Grid" - in budget 2019-20 = to provide electricity to all household in affordable rate. * PM ujjwala yojna - Around 10.27 propects have filled KYC n 7.30 crore have beniffiltted as of 1.7.2019. More than a crore have gave up the subsidy under 'give it up' campaign. * swadhar Greh scheme - for women who are deserted from their home due to domestic violence or natural disasters. * PM Research fellow scheme - for meritorious student to get admission for PhD program in iisc,Iiser n Iits. Student will get monthly payment n yearly 2 lac a year for 5 year, research grant to carry out research in cutting edge science n technology domain with focus in national interest. Govt initiative -  CV Raman Post-Doctoral Fellowship Scheme by University Grants Commission (UGC), Ramanujan Fellowship, JC Bose Fellowship, Young Scientist Project Award, Women Scientist Scheme by Department of Science & Technology (DST) GIAN (global initiative for academic network) - invite researchers from world including indian origin scientist * Sahmati - an private plateform which will aggregate account which is based on depa. * Wordskill international competition - India is participating in the competition which is going to be held in kazan, Russia. It is held biannually n called Olympic in skill which has 55 skill variants. * Flipkart SAMARTH initiative for Weaver , artisans n maker of handicrafts to bring them on online platform. * SANKALP (Skill acquisition n knowledge awareness for livelihood) - by Min of skill dev n entrepreneurship for developing the skill in youth with collaboration of world bank n is centrally sponsored scheme. Objective- convergence of all skill training activities of center n state funded at state level. Improving the quality of skill training. Robust monitoring n evaluation. Providing skill training to disadvantage section n creating industry led n demand driven training. * STRIVE (skill strengthening for industrial value enhancement) is world bank assisted ,govt of India project (center sector scheme) to enhance the industrial training efficiency provided at ITI's. * Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) demand driven placement linked skill training initiative working under National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) under Min of Rural Development. KVKs (100% FINANCED BY GOI) have been functioning as Knowledge and Resource Centre of agricultural technology supporting initiatives of public, private and voluntary sector for improving the agricultural economy of the district and are linking the NATIONAL AGRICULTURE RESEARCH SYSTEM with extension system and farmers. * Manipur (1st) & Rajasthan new move to ban Mob lynching * Madhya Pradesh recently became the second state of the country after Kerala to bring action plan to manage Antimicrobial resistance. * Orissa passed a new law for 33% reservation for women in parliament * BEE (statutory body under min if power) launched ANGAN (augmenting nature by green affordable new habitat) which will look for most economic way for home building n conserving energy ,water etc along with German based GIZ and other 15 countries * Pradhan mantri fasal bima yojna - launched in 2016 by min of agri n farmer welfare. Subsumed earlier 2 scheme - National agriculture insurance scheme n modified national agriculture scheme. Unified premium rate -1.5% for Tabhi crop, 2% for kharif crop n 5% for horticulture or commercial crop * NISHTHA - national initiative for school heads n teachers holistic advancement by min of HRD to train approx 40k teachers n associates n being 1 of the largest of it's kind in the world. * San-Sadhan hackathon -divyang accessible toilet under swachha Bharat mission by min of Jal shakti, bill n Melinda gates foundation, dept of empowerment of person with disability, atal innovation mission -niti aayog, 91 springhood. * Kaushal Godavari (KG)- Skill development * Sathidar abhiyan - Initiative for empowerment of women and children through eradication of social evils in jabua district, MP. * Jivhala (nagpur,MH) - prevent and awareness of child sexual harrasment in tribal ashram. * E-megh -initiative provides Early Flood Warning System in Valsadh , GJ. * Debo Na Nebo Na - anti corruption Movement with phone mobile application in Assam. * Skills Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Scheme (SANKALP) & Skills Strengthening for Industrial Value Enhancement Scheme (STRIVE) is centrally sponsored scheme with world bank assistance. * Digital Connectivity through FSOC - Google’s X FSOC or Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) has enabled the remote tribal villages located in the east godavari hills to get connected with the outside world. * Central board of indirect taxes n customs, Min of finance launched 2 initiative on line of ease of doing business - ICEDASH- For improved monitoring of customs clearance of imported goods. Developed in collaboration of National informatics center (NIC). ATITHI - For facilitating arriving international passengers. App to facilitate travelers to File custom declaration in advance. * GOAL (Going online as leader) Ministry of Tribal Affairs and Facebook to digitally mentor 5000 young women in India’s tribal-dominated districts. * Danx 2019 - defence of andman n nicobar command - Air force, navy n special forces of newly formed armed forces special operation division (AFSOD) * Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) India has launched ‘Youth Co:Lab’ which aims at accelerating social entrepreneurship and innovation in young India. Youth Co-Lab - started in 2017 by UNDP n Citi foundation to help young mind in entrepreneurship skills. operational in 25 countries in asia Pacific region. Niti aayog, UNDP India n AIM has launched same in India to work on SDG 5-8 n 12 -13 through their Innovation n entrepreneurship skills. * India's first E-waste clinic - Bhopal, MP * DHRUV - Pradhan mantri innovative learning program - objective is to encourage students to realize full potential n henceforth contribute to society.they will b called DHRUV Tara which means they will shine through their work n also lead path for others. Areas are performing arts n science with 60 students boarly from 9 to 12th class of govt n pvt. * Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) India has launched ‘Youth Co:Lab’ which aims at accelerating social entrepreneurship and innovation in young India. Youth Co-Lab - started in 2017 by UNDP n Citi foundation to help young mind in entrepreneurship skills. operational in 25 countries in asia Pacific region. Niti aayog, UNDP India n AIM has launched same in India to work on SDG 5-8 n 12 -13 through their Innovation n entrepreneurship skills.   * SAMEER app - air pollution provide hourly update on Air pollution quality index with colour coding of cities. Developed by CPCB n ranks 100 cities accross India * Skill build platform - by IBM launched by Min of Skill Development & Entrepreunership for artificial intelligence, n cloud computing etc for ITI students n teachers. India is 4th country in world who has launched skill development platform after Germany, France n UK. * Jal Jivan mission - Provide functional household tap water in rural areas by 2024 implemented by Dept of drinking water n sanitation. * Min of forest n climate change has launched Swatchha Nirmal tat Abhiyan in 10 costal areas of country which is beaches cleanliness n awareness program. * QuEST Program- to study quantum computing *

* Min of Power - autonomous min since 1992 to acheive and production of energy in the aountry. 1. Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY): The rural electrification scheme provides for (a) separation of agriculture and non-agriculture feeders and metering 2. Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS): The scheme provides for (a) strengthening of sub-transmission and distribution networks in urban areas & metering 3. Ujwal Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY): The scheme has been launched for operational and financial turnaround of Discoms. 4. GARV (Grameen Vidyutikaran) App: To monitor transparency in implementation of the electrification schemes, Grameen Vidyut Abhiyantas (GVAs) have been appointed by the government to report progress through GARV app ‘4 Es’ in the revised Tariff Policy: The 4Es include Electricity for all, Efficiency to ensure affordable tariffs, Environment for a sustainable future, Ease of doing business to attract investments and ensure financial viability. One Nation, One Grid" - in budget 2019-20 = to provide electricity to all household in affordable rate. * Wildlife Institute of India - 1982 - The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate change * CSIR – 1942 - Autonomous * National board for wildlife -2002 under wildlife protection act 1972, chaired by PM n Minister of environment n forest as vice chairperson.total 47 members. * MPEDA for fisheries development established in 1972 under Marine Products Export Development Authority Act (MPEDA), 1972. * NGT created in 2010 under NGT act 2010 headed by retired justice of supreme Court or chief justice of High court with 20 expert n 20 judicial member. * UNCTAD is a permanent intergovernmental body established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1964. HQ - Geneva swetzerland. * Geological Survey of India (GSI) was set up in 1851 primarily to find coal deposits for the Railways.it is attached office of min of mines. It's main job is to Create n update National Geo scientific Info n mineral information. * National agriculture cooperative marketing federation of India (NAFED) was established in 1958 Under multistage cooperative Society act. It's main job is cooperative marketing and agriculture produce benifits to Farmers. * District mineral foundation- statutory body under mines n minerals act 2015 under min of mines to cater the welfare of people affected due to mining. Implements Pradhan mantri khanij Kshetrq Kalyan yojna * Information Fusion Centre for the Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) setup in 2018 has started functioning as information Hub Of maritime data. * Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) The BEE is a statutory body under the Ministry of Power, Government of India. * IMD - under min of Earth science. Is also one of the 6th specialized Regional metrology center. * Petroleum and explosive Safety organisations under Dept for promotion of industry n internal trade, min of commerce established in 1898 as a nodal agency for regulating safety of substances such as explosives, petroleum n compressed gases.

Shanta Kumar committee on exess food procurement  Recommendation- - Negotiable warehouse receipt system promotion - sell excess food in market or export them - scientific procurement of foodgrain, stringent quality check - no procurement on excess or surplus foodgrain from State which announces bonus - end to end computerization of food grain status - cash subsidy replaced by 6 months advance food grain  * Doubling Farmers Income by 2022 by Ashok dalwai committee recommendation. This can be largely made possible if farmers generate Solar energy on field along with their crops. * P balram committee on improving research culture n anti plagiarism by UGC. * Bhore n mudliar committee recommendation on creating multidisciplinary cancer treatment unit in all medical college n stand alone cancer speciality hospitals for Cancer prevention. * Justice rohini committee on OBC (340) * Injeti srinivas committee on CSR recommendation report submitted to Min of Corporate affairs. (CSR happens to b levied on company having 1kcr turnover, 500cr net worth n 5cr profit.) 1. Company CRS amount less than 50 lacs need not to form CSR committee. 2. CSR amount to b tax exempted. 3. CSR amount spent more than 5 cr should have impact assessment. 4. CSR unspent amount can be carried forward for 3 to 5 yrs. 5. Unspent CSR amount should not b sent to Central govt fund instead it should be sent to specified category like PM relief fund, swachha Bharat fund etc. 6. CSR activities mentioned under company's act should be alligned to SDG. 7. Companies defaulting on CSR activity should be civil offence n should b imposed penalties. * Subhash Chandra garg committee- legality of crypto currency appointed in 2017 Sept said crypto currency should b banned as it doesn't hv intrensic value of its own but bank shud keep open mind for technology that it use. * Akhilesh ranjwn committee- direct tax law report. * Delhi declaration on emergency preparedness * Arrea formula - platform used by UNSC since it's establishment in March 1992 to discuss abt victims of suppression n perscution of religious minority * Police reform committies- Gore committee Padmanabhaih committee Reibero committee National police reform (Dhqramveer committee) Prakash Singh case judgement on police reform-  * Tapan Ray committee - Core investment Companies ( specialized NBFC's having 100cr n above asset) * Liberhan Commission (1992) that was formed after demolition of the Babri Masjid was planned. This was one man committee after 10 days of masjid demolition on 16th dec 92. It was supposed to submit the report in 3 months but with 48 extension it submitted it's report in 2010 making it longest committee inquiry in independent India.

Mount Etna is the highest Mediterranean island mountain and the most active stratovolcano in the world Strait of Magellan – South America continent (deviding chille sothern part). Chile's port city, Punta Arenas was once very imp until panama canal opened in 1914. Uranium deposits in the world- high grade only in Athabasca basin of Canada. Kazakhstan n Australia along with Canada have largest uranium deposit in the world. Fordow plant near Tehran for uranium enrichment program of Iran is against the Joint comprehensive action plan (JCAP) or Iran nuclear deal signed in 2015 btwn P5+1(Germany) n Iran. Dar e salaam - largest n economic capital of Tanzania. Located at east bay coast of indian ocean. Zanzibar - island In Indian ocean located in East coast of east African peninsula.  Iceberg D28 - It is a part of the Amery ice shelf which is the third-largest ice shelf in Antarctica. Saturn has maximum moons with (82) and Jupiter (79) as IAU report reported new 20 moons. Pamba river - Rises in Iddukki district of kerla n entire catchment is in kerla. It has Western Ghat on Western side n Arabian sea on West in which finally drain. Achankovil river - rises in Western Ghat in pathanmthitta district of kerla n lies entirely in Kerla. It meets pamba at Veeyapuram. Vaippar river - rises in eastern slope of Varushnad hill of Western Ghat in tirunelveli district n flow eastern south direction b4 finally meets gulf of mannar. Surrounded by Western Ghat on West n Bay of Bengal in East. Willingdon island (named after Lord willingdon in 1936) island in Kochhi, kerla is one of the largest artificial island covered by backwater (water which has little or no currents) This island is carved out of vembnad lake and connected via rail n road n Venduruthy bridge. Jayakwadi dam on godavari river was built to arrest flood n drought in marathwada region of Maharashtra. Recently seismometer n phizometer stopped working Pavoor uliya island is situated in middle of netravati river 10km off to mangluru, KA. Origins in chikmangaluru district of KA and major source of water to Bantwal n manglore. Kalash - banduri is tributary of mahadayi (originated in KA bad run 30 km here n 80km in Goa) river which is called as Mandovi in Goa. Kalash - bhanduri project was panned in 1989 by KA to divert it's water to Malprabha river to provide water to Dharwad, Belgaum n Gadak district of KA Mount Mantap - North Korea uses this for Nuclear testing. In 2017 it tested the nuclear program now ISRO is using it's satellites to Find the 2017 underground nuclear test which was 17 times of Hiroshima explosions. Earthquake siesmometer are used to analyse the same. With the analysis we can get the info like wat kind Bomb or degree of know how of the test. Dallol geothermal field in Danakil field in Ethiopia which is inhabitable. Rohtang tunnel - world's longest tunnel above 10kft feet from lahwul Spiti to rest of the country.

Cham Dance is a famous masked dance from Ladakh also performed in Tsechu festival. Chenchu tribes of annamala district, AP. recently in news Due to uranium mining in this range. * Galo tribe of arunachal Pradesh keeps lineage track upto 20 generation due to naming system (suffix of father will be prefix of son). Genelogy is patriarchal. - Tani group inhabiting Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, besides Tibet. Mopin is main Festival N popir dance is their dance. Nuakhai festival (nua -new, khai - food) to celebrate New rice of the season in Western Odisha n eastern jharkhand. Assam - Shankaradev in 1450 - vaishnav => Borgeet- a new form of spiritual music, Bhaona- a mythology-based theatrical performance, and , Monastic dances that evolved into the classical Sattriya Hori Habba', is a popular bull-catching event in Karnataka like Jalikattu in Tamil Nadu n kambala in dakshina Kannada district. Goura - Gauri festival is celebrated in Chhattisgarh after Diwali day. Arunachal Pradesh hosts Tawang Festival, Orange Festival, Ziro musical festival, Bascon organic festival and Mechuka Adventure festival. Other festivals celebrated by the tribes of Arunachal Pradesh- Arunachal Pradesh Festivals = Tribes Mopin and Solung = Adis Lossar = Monpas Boori-boot = Hill Miris and Sherdukpens Dree = Apatanis Si-Donyi = Tagins Reh = Idu-Mishmis Nyokum = Nishs Shilpotsava 2019 in Delhi by artisan of weaker section of society n backed by Apex body of min of social justice and empowerment. Rangdum monastery  - 18th century Tibetan monastery of Gelugpa sect on suru valley in ladakh. Suru river forms the valley which is tributary of indus. Petta Thullal is the ritualistic sacred dance to celebrate the victory of good over evil in the legend of Lord Ayyappa in kerla. Meghalaya state decided to exclude Bodo-Kachari, Hajong, Koch, Mann, and Rabha are clubbed together as ‘unrepresented tribes' from unrepresented tribe group 6th schedule. Guru arjan dev 5th guru of silkhism has documented the hymes along with his 4 successor n other poets like Kabir, raidas etc. 10th guru ,giving sing added Composition of 9th guru tegh bahadur called guru granth sahib. India has 38 world heritage site. 30 heritage, 7 natural and 1 mixed site. China n Italy having largest number of sites both having 55 sites.

TB - India accounts for 27% of world TB patients and wants to eliminate TB by 2025. Min of health n family welfare now conduct scheme to scan all children below age of 18 years to detect early TB detection n cure.earlier it was for children btwn 0 to 6 n students learning in govt or govt aided college. * Measels (red rash caused by viral infection) - 36% of world measels in India. Measels - attacks malnourished children n those with reduced immunity.can cause blindness, encephalitis,severe diarrhea,ear infection n pneumonia. * Rubella- called German measles. Mild viral infection happens in children n young adults. It can cause fetal death in pregnant women n congenital defects called "congenital rubella syndrome" which is irreversible birth defect. * Leprosy - 66% of total leprosy cases By WHO report. India officially eliminated leprosy in 2005 with 0.72/10k (leprosy can b said to be eliminated if 1 case per 10k happens in country) However as per newly setup National leprosy elimination program it is reported to have more than 2 case per 10k in Many states. * Rabies virus - India accounts for 1/3rd if total dealth due to rabies in the world. Death occurs in 4 days to 2 weeks due to cardio-respirstory failure. * India has 16% of the world population, but only 4% of freshwater resources with 2.5% land. * Labour force participation rate - 49.7% in 2018 from 55% in 2012. Women participation declined From 31% to 24% in same period. * India is 3rd largest producer n exporter of tobacco after China and Brazil. * India 2nd Largest Producer of Sugarcane in world.

* Susta and kalapani issue - India & Nepal * Feni river - originates in tripura's Sabroom town ( south most point if state ) border with Bangladesh then passes though Bangladesh n drail into bay of Bengal. India Bangladesh have 54 rivers in common n only one river has proper samjhauta which is Ganga *