Tablets

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Tablet Definition
-A solid Preparation each containing a single dose of one or more active ingredients and usually obtained by compressing uniform volumes of particles   

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Advantages of Tablets
Convenient  accurate  stable Consistency cheap

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Disadvantages of Tablets
poorly soluble drugs  poor bioavailability  local irritation harmful effects on GI tract

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Types of tablets
Convential  Buccual coated  effervescent controlled released  Stamped  Scored  Sublingual

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Official Tests
Content Content uniformity Reproducible drug release  Disintegration time  Dissolution rate Friability/Hardness  Microbial Quality 

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Excipients: Ideal Properties
Non-toxic Known Functionality Inactive in physiological conditions No idiosynchratic effects in the bodies  Stable Reliable  Reproducable supply Cheap/effective in cost  Tasteless, Colourless and odourless 

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Making Tablets
Powders compressed in a die Top Punch Pushes down and compresses the contents of the powder into the die  Bottom punch ejects the contents of the Tablet out  Powder needs to be treated with excipients for it to be optimumly removed

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Tablet Requirements
Flow must flow into the die in a reproducable manner Particles must cohere to eachother to form the tablet under a compressive force  Tablet must be ejected from press with no  Cracks Chips Capping Lamination

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Types of excipients
Dilutant  Binding Agent Lubricants Glidants Disintegrants 

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Disintegrant
Disintegrant types include: Water uptake facilitators Tablet-rupture promoters They cause the tablet to expand or rupture on contact with water, causing the tablet to break down Polymers: Structure improves water access to the tablet, swelling and breaking result  Disintegrants can also react and form carbon dioxide gas bubbles, resulting in tablet rupture Examples of a disintegrant include Pregelatenised starch, PVP cross linked and carboxymethylcellulose 

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Lubricants
Helps the compressed compact be released from the die safely Too much lubricant reduces dissolution and/or tablet strength  Examples include magnesium stearate and talc 

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