The brain stem is located in the hind brain and includes the Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata and the spinal cord.
MID BRAIN - Concerned with certain sensory processes such as locating where things are. Midbrain is the important system of dopamine-releasing axons. Among other things, this dopamine system is involved in the performance of voluntary movements.
PONS- Contains several clusters of cell bodies that contribute to the regulation of sleep and arousal.
MEDULLA - Attaches to the spinal cord and has charge of largely unconscious but essential functions, such as regulating breathing, maintaining muscle tone and regulating circulation.
CEREBRUMMM - Includes the brain areas that are responsible for our most complex mental activities, including learning, remembering, thinking, voluntary movement and consciousness itself
The cerebrum contains Four lobes.
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
INCLUDES THE PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX, - THE AREA DEVOTED TO THE CONTROL OF VARIOUS MUSCLES AND LIMBS.
PRE- FRONTAL CORTEX - AREA RESPONSIBLE FOR HIGHER ORDER CONDITIONS SUCH AS WORKING MEMORY, REASONING AND DECISION MAKING.
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TEMPORAL LOBE
INCLUDES THE PRIMARY AUDITORY CORTEX - THE CORTICAL AREA DEVOTED TO AUDITORY PROCESSING.
CRITICAL TO THE COORDINATION OF MOVEMENT AND TO THE SENSE OF EQUILIBRIUM, OR PHYSICAL BALANCE. DAMAGE TO THE CEREBELLUM DISRUPTS THE FINE MOTOR SKILLS, SUCH AS THOSE INVOLVED IN WRITING OR TYPING.
E.G FIRST PART OF THE BRAIN THAT IS AFFECTED WITH ALCOHOL.
BALANCE, CO-ORDINATION.
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FOREBRAIN
THE LARGEST AND MOST COMPLEX REGION OF THE BRAIN-ENCOMPASSING A VARIETY OF STRUCTURES INCLUDING THE:
- THALAMUS
- CEREBRUM
- LYMBIC SYSTEM
- HYPOTHALAMUS