OCR - History: British Depth Study (Slides)

British Depth Study

Welcome to this British Depth Study slide shows! designed for OCR History. In this I will try to cover all the topics so you can get a good understanding of each topic! Topics include (I will hopefully be making a second set of slides to cover the last seven focus points) What impact did the Second world war have on the British people? What Immigrants were living in Britain in 1945? Why did different groups migrate to Britain between 1948 and 1972? What were the experiences of immigrants in Britain? What contribution had immigrants made to British society by the early 1970's? What was the impact of the NHS on people's lives? What was life like for Most women in the 1950s

Home Front

Everyone no matter age had to have a gas mask Britain was divided into Three zones: Evacuation Areas, Reception Areas, Neutral Areas Britain was preparing for war well before it actually started. Precautions were being taken months before war started. Millions of people were evacuated in 1939. Yet from January of 1940 onwards people began to return home to their families. No bombs had fallen and families didn't see any reason for being split up any longer! two days before war was finally declared - black out was introduced.

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Pie de foto: : Underground stations were often used for Air Raid shelters. People had to resort to sleeping on the tracks!

American GI's in Britain

American GI's: American GI's had a huge impact in the United kingdom.  These GI's were very open and friendly and got on well with the locals - they were especially popular with the ladies.  So much so that around 80,000 British woman became 'Gi Brides' and after the war moved to America with their new husbands. The GI's were well paid! These soldiers began arriving in Britain from 1942 onwards

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African American GI's

African American GI's: A large minority of the American GI's were black 130,000 African American service men and women came to Britain In Britain the US military was also segregated Whilst the Americans were not class conscious. They were very race conscious.

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Common Wealth Troops

Common Wealth Troops Large numbers of Canadians, Australians, New Zealanders and Indians served in the British forces. These incomers were usually warmly welcomed There we over 40,000 marriages between Canadian servicemen and British women The was also a large contingent from the Caribbean's as well

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Prisoners of War

Prisoners of War The largest groups of POW camps were German and Italian troops captured in the fighting in North Africa After 1944 the number of German POW's increased significantly as allied forces advanced across Europe There were over 1500 facilities which held prisoners At its highest the POW population numbered 157,000 italians and 402,000 Germans. The prisoners also had access to medical care just like allied troops. They even got paid wages! ... although very small wages.. At the end of the war a substantial number of prisoners (including around 25,000 German POW's) adopted Britain as their new home

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Poles

Poles One significant group who settled in Britain during the war were the polish.  Around 14,000 of them served in the Royal Air force. Many more served in the other armed forces in Britain and in other parts of the empire. So many poles chose to settle in Britain - around 120,000 in all. The PM had a personal interest in the polish contribution to the war effort.  The poles were generally popular in Britain and Britain was suffering from a desperate shortage of workers in the years after the second world war. By the end of 1948 there were 65,000 polish workers in British industry whilst under the polish resettlement scheme.

 

Why did different groups migrate to Britain between 1948 and 1972?

Caribbean's 

Push factors  To some Jamaica was a backwater where nothing was happening! Some people had gambling debts which had pushed them to leave By the late 1940's, unemployment in Jamaica and other islands was a major problem. The sugar trade collapsed and there wasn't really a tourist trade either Hurricanes had devastated Jamaica in 1944 and again in 1951 The Caribbean's had poor housing, poor wages, poor healthcare and an inadequate education system.

Pull factors Because of the war, Britain was short of workers. People felt strong loyalty toward the UK.. some people referred it as the "motherland". The people of the empire admired Britain. The education system had taught them British history and British literature. troops had told them stories of how Britain seemed like a land of opportunity Britain was facing a labour shortage in the late 40's and early 50's. Thanks to the Nationality act, citizens of the British empire had unrestricted access to Britain. The act became law in 1949 Success of previous immigrants drew more people in By the late 50's money from workers in Britain was the second largest source of foreign income for Jamaica after food exports.

Indian Subcontinent immigratiom

Indian Subcontinent There was a lot of poverty in India and Pakistan The sikhs (who lived in Punjab a very dangerous territory full of fighting) were a minority The majority of people worked to fill labour shortages People had relations and friends in the UK. Many had served in the British army during WWII and had contacts in the UK. the 1948 Nationality act gave citizens of the empire unrestricted access to the UK

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Kenyan Immigration

Kenya This was a former British colony which gained its independence in 1963. There were 100,000 asians who lived in Kenya. Kenyatta (the P.M.) gave asians a choice - become Kenyan or remain British.. But they could not be both. 95,000 decided to stay British Asians were resented in Kenya for being successful and high earning. in 1967 - the Kenyan government declared all Non-Kenyan asians were foreigners and could only stay and work on a temporary basis. Many fled to Britain having feared the worst

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Ugandan Immigration

Uganda The Asian community had helped build up Uganda. Resentment had built-up among Uganda's black population. In 1972 President Idi amin issued a decree expelling asians from Uganda 60,000* had to be gone within 90 days Amin declared a second decree stating that all professionals had to stay in Kenya. Britain offered Ugandan asians a choice. Either an Indian passport or a British passport - most chose British. 27,000 Asians flew into Britain from Uganda with only what they could carry * Depending on the source