History exam questions

Pregunta	Respuesta
Name some colonies of the British Empire?	India America Australia Canada
Explain why and how Britain developed an empire?	How- Seize foreign countries and import slaves to work on the land. Why- power, money,greed,imports and exports, trade.
Why was India an important part of the British Empire?	Imports- Tea, spices, cotton, indigo dye to Britain. East India Company- expanded trading routes. India had lots of coastal ports.
What are some Key words or phrases that describe the "middle passage".	long shackled to shelves lying in excrement breeding ground for disease forced to exercise every day over crowded may died and were thrown over board.
How were slaves treated on the plantations?	Hard labour small houses, unhygienic long hours separated from family no privileges bad punishments- whipping, wearing piked metal collar.
What were the main reasons for the Abolition of the Slave Trade?	1807- The British Slave Trade abolished. Meaning the buying, selling and transporting of slaves in the British Empire was illegal. WHY- Freed slaves started telling tales bout their life on plantations. Slavery stopped making so much money/profit. People realised how the slaves were suffering and started to think about human rights. Petitions were signed.
What were the main reasons for the Abolition of Slavery?	1823- New Anti-Slavery society formed. trying to stop slavery all together. Boycotting sugar+ telling shops not to by slave mad products. 1833- Slavery Abolished. Change in economic interest Resistance by enslaved people(Passive+Active) Parliamentary reform. Abolition campaigns.
Why did people want reform of Parliament in 19th Century?	odd constituency make-up( 1 constituency only had one voter). Only places with land owners could have MPs. Voting held openly- people could be bribed to vote for someone. people who owned and could be members of Parliament. 5% of the population could vote, they were all male land owners.
Who were the Chartists?	Moral Force Chartists: Led by William Lovett, held peaceful demonstrations and signed petitions. Physical Force Chartists: Led by Fergus O'Connor tried to achieve chartitst aims by violence= The Newport Rising, where a chartist leader was set free from prison. 30 people died.
What did the Chartists demand?	Votes for all men over 21 Constituencies all the same size Secret Ballot MPs to be paid No property qualifications for MPs Elections held annually
Why did Chartism Fail?	Try to achieve too many aims at once. The Physical Force moment meant Chartists weren't taken seriously. 1 petition sent to Parliament claimed to have 5 million signatures on it, it didn't. some of the names weren't real and were written in the same handwriting. Queen Victoria's signature was forged.
What were the long term causes of WW1?	The Kaiser's ambition to have "a place in the sun". The Kaiser's jealousy of Britain's empire. Started build up Germany's army and navy, an arms race started between them and Britain. Rivalry between France and Germany. Rivalry between Austria-Hungary and Serbia.
What were the short term causes of WW1?	Germany Seizing Alsace-Lorraine. Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, 28th June 1914, in Sarajevo, Bosina by extremest group, The Black Hand.
What power was responsible for WW1?	It is unclear,but there were many different triggers from different countries.
What did the Germans expect would happen when they launched the Schlieffen Plan?	Belgium: They thought Belgium would let them pass with no fuss. They would stand back while the Germans try to get through in 6 weeks. France:They thought the French would think they were attacking through Alsace-Lorraine, and wouldn't think of them coming through Belgium. Once in France the Germans would surround and capture Paris.
What did the Germans expect would happen when they launched the Schlieffen Plan?	Britain:They thought the British wouldn't come to the aid of the French, or the Belgians "over a scrap of paper" (The Treaty of London 1839) Russia: They thought it would take ages for the Russian army to mobalise. Germany decided to take France before attacking Russia.
What went wrong with the Schlieffen Plan?	Belgium:Belgians fought back, slowing the Germans down. Germany captured part of Belgium. France:Germans attacked through Belgium taking French ports, they advanced to take Paris and were met by the British for The Battle Of the River Marne. That was where the trenches were dug.
What went wrong with the Schlieffen Plan?	Britain:The British helped defend Pairs against the Germans. Russia:The Russians mobalised quicker than the Germans had anticipated. Russian army attacked Germany whilst half of the German army as in France. They were now fighting a war on 2 fronts.
How did the Schlieffen plan change the nature of the war?	It changed the nature of war from a war of movement to trench warfare and a war on 2 fronts.
What were the main problems for the soldiers in the trenches?	They weren't trained properly short on equipment disease no wash for a week
What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?	Germany accepted full responsibility for starting the war. The German army was cut to 100,000 men, only volunteers no conscription+ only 6 battle ships. Warned to keep troops out of the Rhineland. All of Germany's colonies were taken away and give to allies. League of Nations set up. 1921= Forced to pay £6600 million in reparations- gold+goods. Territorial changes- Germany lost land to France, Denmark and Poland.
Explain the German response to the treaty?	Outrage, as hey thought they didn't start the war so why are they having to pay the costs.
Why did people vote for the Nazis?	Promised a better German: jobs and bread. Hitler was a good speaker. He motivated the German people. Use of propaganda showed how great the Nazis were. People saw the Nazis as people who would get them out of The Depression. People were angry at the Treaty of Versailles, so liked it when the Nazis said they would rip it up. Rich businesses men feared the communists would take away their property so they invested small amounts in the Nazis.
How did Hitler become Dictator of German?	he Enabling Act- 1933 gave Hitler the power to pass laws without consulting Parliament. (a dictatorship)

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