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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| The Sthaviras (Pali: Tera) | ‘The Elders’. One of the two groups after the split in early Buddhism over arahantship. |
| The Mahasamghikas | The majority ‘the Universal Sangha’. One of the two groups after the split in early Buddhism over arahantship. |
| The Jataka tales | A type of early Buddhist literature. Tales of the Buddha’s childhood, which emphasise Gautama’s progress to becoming a Buddha. |
| The Avadanas | A type of early Buddhist literature. Tales which tell of the huge power derived from devotion to the Buddha. |
| Abhidamma/Abidharma texts | Texts that discuss skandhas, analyse the dhammas (all phenomena/ appearances/ things) and look at modes of dependent origination. |
| The Pudgalavadins | One of the four main movements that emerged from the Sthavira-Mahasamghika schism. Unhappy with the dismissal of the notion of ‘self’ in Buddhism. |
| The Vibhajyavadins and The Sautrantikas | Two of the four main movements that emerged from the Sthavira-Mahasamghika schism. Held that only present dhammas existed, not past or future ones. |
| The Sarvastivadins | One of the four main movements that emerged from the Sthavira-Mahasamghika schism. Held that past, present and future dhammas were all equally real. |
| Savaka-buddha | One of three goals of early Buddhism. To become an ‘awakened disciple’. |
| Pacceka-buddha | One of three goals of early Buddhism. To become a ‘solitary awakened one’. |
| Samma-buddha | One of three goals of early Buddhism. To become a ‘perfectly awakened one’. |
| Paramai/ paramita | Moral and spiritual perfections |
| The Emperor Ashoka | The Maurya-dynasty emperor who converted to Buddhism in the third century BCE. |
| Sutras/Suttas | Scriptural discourses of the Buddha that emerged in the first or second centuries CE and became the foundation of Mahayana Buddhism. Mostly in Sanskrit. |
| Tathagata-garbha | A major idea in Mahayana, from the third century CE onwards. Means “something like ‘embryonic Buddha’. It represents the ‘Buddha-potential’ within all beings. |
| Tathagata | A term which the Buddha used of himself in the Pali canon. Probably consists of two terms (Tatha-gata) and means something like ‘thus gone’. |
| The Lotus Sutra | One of the earliest and most influential of the new Sutras. Developed the notion of upaya-kausalya, skilful means. |
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