Indigenous Studies

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TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER FLAG Image: torres.gif (image/gif)	Designed by: Bernard Namok Recognised: 1992 Official:1995 Meanings: Green: Represents the land Blue: Represents the sea White: Represents peace Black: Represents the Indigenous peoples The dhari (headdress) represents Torres Strait Island people and the five pointed star represents the 5 major Island groups. The star also represents navigation, as a symbol of the seafaring culture of the Torres Strait.
The Aboriginal flag Image: australian_aboriginal_flag (image/jpg)	Designed by: Harold Thomas ( rover ) First Flown: National Aborigines Day, 12 July 1971 Meaning: Black: Represents the Aboriginal people of Australia Red: Represents the red earth, the red ochre and a spiritual relation to the land Yellow: Represents the Sun, the giver of life and protector
THE FILM KANYINI	Documentary film , 2006 About Bob Randall who lives next to Uluru “Kanyini” means the 4 aboriginal connections they can not live without 1. spirituality 2. community 3. land 4. family
THE NATIONAL APOLOGY	The Apology to Australia's Indigenous Peoples was delivered by then Prime Minister Kevin Rudd on February 13, 2008, and acknowledged in particular the Stolen Generations.
THE DREAMING	Today Aboriginal storytellers prefer to use The Dreaming as a way of describing their stories and their oral history because The Dreaming in Aboriginal culture is not considered something that occurred in the past, it is continually occurring and is ever-present in their culture.
WELCOME TO COUNTRY/ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF COUNTRY. - The difference and meanings	‘Welcome to Country’ is an important ceremony by Aboriginal people and inviting them to perform it helps non-Indigenous people recognise Aboriginal culture and history. An ‘Acknowledgement of Country’ can be done by everyone, Indigenous or non-Indigenous, to pay respect to the fact that one is on Aboriginal land.
ABORIGINAL GEOGRAPHY Names of the mobs traditional owners of the gold coast, Brisbane and stradbroke island mob	gold coast mob: the combabry people Brisbane: turrable and the jagera peopletraditional owners of north Stradbroke island: , quandamooka, noonucal
THE REFERENDUM	In 1967, after ten years of campaigning, a referendum was held to change the Australian Constitution.
Key dates for white settlement	1770 captain cook claims east coast “ Terra nullius” 1788 first fleet arrives 1799 beginning of the black wars 1802 proclamation 1804 British flag raised in Tasmania 1819 they expand to Brisbane
What is ICIP?	ICIP is a short way of saying Australian “Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property”. ICIP refers to all the rights that Indigenous people have, and want to have, to protect their traditional arts and culture.
Aboriginal Tent Embassy Image: tent-embassy (image/jpg)	On 26 January 1972, 4 Aboriginal men arrived in Canberra from Sydney to establish the Aboriginal Embassy by planting a beach umbrella on the lawn in front of the now Old Parliament House. The Embassy was established in response to the Government's refusal to recognise Aboriginal land rights. McMahon instead favoured a new general purpose lease for Aborigines which would be conditional upon their 'intention and ability to make reasonable economic and social use of land' and it would exclude all rights they had to minerals and forestry. The beach umbrella was soon replaced by several tents and Aboriginal people and non-indigenous supporters came from all parts of Australia to join the protest. During the first six months of its life in 1972 the Embassy succeeded in uniting Aboriginal people through
THE STOLEN GENERATIONS	Over 100,000 children were removed from their families Removing children from their families was official government policy in Australia until 1969. However, the practice had begun in the earliest days of European settlement, when children were used as guides, servants and farm labour. The first 'native institution' at Parramatta in 1814 was set up to 'civilise' Aboriginal children. Aboriginal girls in particular were sent to homes established by the Board to be trained for domestic service.
THE ABORIGINIES PROTECTION ACT	In 1909 the Aborigines Protection Act gave the Aborigines Protection Board legal sanction to take Aboriginal children from their families. In 1915, an amendment to the Act gave the Board power to remove any child without parental consent and without a court order.
Carpetbagging	Buying for heap and reselling and making profit of other peoples art Taking advantage of someone else's misfortune to make profit for yourself
Secret and Sacred Knowledge	Reassures to the knowledge thats controlled stickily under customary laws. it may only be - available only to initiated - used at a particular time - used for a specific purpose
NAIDOC (National Aboriginal and Islander Day Observance Committee) Week	6-13 JULY Australian observance lasting from the first Sunday in July until the following Sunday. NAIDOC Week celebrates the history, culture and achievements of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The week is celebrated not just in the Indigenous communities but also in increasing numbers of government agencies, schools, local councils and workplaces.
THE ELDERS	http://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/people/respect-for-elders-and-culture
Ownership The difference between ownership for indigenous and non indigenous people	It reflects the community and the dreamnig
Resale and royalty rights	Legislation: Resale Royalty for Visual Artis act 2009 - Applies to commercial resale of works of visual art - Applies to resale of an artwork occurring on or after the commencement date ( on or after 9 june 2010 ) - only applies to the second and subsequent sales that occur after the commencement date - Royalty is 5% of the resale price ( Inc Gst ) - royalty applies for the lie of the artist plus 70 years - Payable when resale price is $1000 or more - The royalty right con not be waived or transferred - Administered by copyright agency
Trea nuliouse	Terra nullius is a Latin expression deriving from Roman law meaning "land belonging to no one", which is used in international law to describe territory which has never been subject to the sovereignty of any state, or over which any prior sovereign has expressly or implicitly relinquished sovereignty. Sovereignty over territory which is terra nullius may be acquired through occupation, though in some cases doing so would violate an international law or treaty.
Mabo	Mabo Day occurs annually on 3 June. It commemorates Eddie Koiki Mabo a Torres Strait Islander whose campaign for Indigenous land rights led to a landmark decision of the High Court of Australia that, on 3 June 1992, overturned the legal fiction of terra nullius which had characterised Australian law with regards to land and title since the voyage of James Cook in 1770. In 2010 a campaign was launched to make it a national holiday in Australia It has been suggested that Mabo Day is more significant to Australians than the Queen's Birthday (a national holiday in Australia), since it 'marks the day that non-indigenous Australians were given the opportunity to reverse the damage caused by the colonisation process'.[4] In 2002, on the tenth anniversary of the High Court decision, Mabo's widow, Bonita Mabo, called for a national public holiday on 3 June. On the eleventh anniversary, in 2003, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) launched a petition to make 3 June an Australian Public Holiday. Eddie Mabo Jnr, for the Mabo f
1962 and1967	aboriginal can vote though whenever there was a counting of a population aboriginal people were not including untill 1967

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