Ecology

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Ecology	The study of earth and the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical environment.
Ecosystem	All of the living organisms and non-living environment in a particular place.
Community	All of the interacting organisms in an area. It does not include non-living factors.
Population	All of the organisms of one type species in an area.
Organism	A living thing. e.g weta
Species	a group of organisms that share similar features, processes and behaviours. They can interbreed with each other
Habitat with e.g	A place where an organism lives. e.g swamp
Adaptation with e.g	A feature or characteristic which helps something survive in its environment. e.g wings
What are the 3 types of adaptations?	Structural Behavioural Physiological
What is a structural adaptation?	A body part which helps an organism survive. e.g whiskers, spikes
What is a behavioural adaptation?	Things that an organism does to survive. e.g living in a flock hunting at night
What is a physiological adaptation?	A way in which an organism's body works to help it survive. e.g dogs pant to keep cool Aloe Vera stores water in its leaves
Food chain	A diagram that shows the energy flow between living things. e.g producer (plant) - primary consumer (herbivore) - secondary consumer (carnivore) - apex predator - decomposers (bacteria, fungi, insects)
Food web	Interlinked food chains. It represents what eats what in an ecological community.
Classification key	An identification system which consists of a series of questions used to classify an organism.
Herbivore with e.g	A consumer that eats only plants. It is a primary consumer. e.g sheep
Carnivore with e.g	A consumer that feeds on only animals. It is a secondary consumer. e.g wolf
Producer	an organism that makes its own food using photosynthesis. It provides energy for the rest of food chain. e.g. kowhai tree
Consumer with e.g	An organism which gets its energy and nutrients by consuming another living organism e.g wolf
Trophic level	The position that an organism occupies in a food chain.
Vertebrate with e.g	An animal that has a backbone and a skeleton. e.g human
Invertebrate with e.g	An animal that does not have a backbone or a skeleton. e.g snail, ant
Animal with e.g	Multicellular eukaryotic organisms with no cell walls. e.g tiger
Plant	Multicellular eukaryotic organisms with cell walls that can carry out photosynthesis.
Predator with e.g	An animal that hunts and kills another animal, primarily for food. e.g lion
Prey with e.g	An animal that is hunted and killed by another animal. e.g elephant
Abiotic factors with e.g	Non-living parts of an environment. e.g temperature
Biotic factors with e.g	Living parts of an environment. e.g Kereru
Decomposer with e.g	An organism that breaks down dead or decaying material and turns it into nutrients in the soil. e.gbacteria,fungi,insects.
Omnivore with e.g	a consumer that eats both plants and animals e.g. rat
Organelle	A small organ contained inside a cell
Chloroplast	an organelle inside plant cells which is where photosynthesis occurs.
Chlorophyll	A green pigment that is found inside chloroplasts. It makes plants green. It also allows plants to absorb energy from light.
Vacuole	A compartment inside a plant cell which is used to store water and nutrients.
Photosynthesis	The process of using the energy from sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This occurs in the chloroplasts.
Cell wall	A layer around the outside of the cell membrane in plants cells, that is made of a tough substance called cellulose. The cell wall gives the cell protection and structural support.
Cell membrane	It separates the cell from the outside environment and controls what enters and exits the cell.
Nucleus	Controls and regulates the cell: where DNA is found.
Cytoplasm	A jelly-like fluid which allows a cell to hold its shape.
Mitochondria	Produce energy for the cell through a process called cellular respiration. In this process glucose reacts with oxygen, releasing energy.
Ribosomes	Make proteins the cell can use
Endoplasmic reticulum	Transports proteins around the cell.
Golgi apparatus	Folds proteins into their correct shape, packages them and sends them on to where they are needed in the cell.
Respiration	a chemical process in which energy is released from food substances glucose+oxygen = Carbon dioxide+Water+energy.
What classifies something as living? MRS C GREN	Movement - getting around Reproduction - making new organisms Sensing - responding to stimuli e.g light, gravity. Cells - every living thing has these Growth - growing Respiration - Food + O2 = energy Excretion - getting rid of waste Nutrition - eating and drinking.
Plant cell diagram	Image: 1458548079274 2640426197787939 Optimised (binary/octet-stream)
Animal cell diagram	Image: 1458261983110 3718192812095906 400 (binary/octet-stream)

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	Creado por Bahaar Mahal hace más de 6 años