Level 1 Biology Flashcards (SET THREE)

Pregunta	Respuesta
Nucleusi	Cell part that contains chromosomes
Deoxyribonucleic Acid	DNA Substance carrying organism's genetic information
Chromosome	Threadlike structure of DNA and prtein found in the nucleus of cells - carries the genetic information in the form of cells
Homologous Chromosomes	Having the same structural features (length) and pattern of genes
Karyotype	Photograph of an individuals chromosomes cut out and arranged according to their size
Gene	Short length of DNA that carries the genetic code for a particular trait/characteristic or cell activity
Base	Parts of DNA involved in pairing - cytosine, guanine, adenine and thymine
Nucleotide	Forms the basic structural unit of DNA, composed of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group and a base
DNA	Carries instructions to the next generation and determines the phenotype
Trait	A genetically determined characteristic
Variation	Differences between organisms within a population - can be continuous or discontinuous
Mitosis	Cell division in the body cells for growth and repair - produces 2 new cells genetically identical to each other and to the parent
Meiosis	Cell division in the testes and ovaries producing 4 new cells (gametes) - genetically different to each other, and to the parent cell
Gamete	Reproductive cells that contain half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cell
Zygote	A fertilised ovum/egg that contains the full set of chromosomes

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