1527134
| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| Constructed Terms | Words made up of multiple word parts that are combined to form a new word. |
| Eponym | Terms derived from the names of people. |
| Medical Terminology | The universal language of medicine. |
| Word Root | Word part that provides the primary meaning of the term. |
| Breaking down medical terminology. | First look at the meaning of the suffix, then the prefix, then the word root. |
| Combining Vowel General Rule | Used when connected a word root with a suffix that begins with a consonant. |
| lith | Root word meaning Stone |
| maxim | Root word meaning Biggest/Highest |
| derm | Root word meaning Skin |
| anti- | Prefix meaning against, opposite of |
| brady- | Prefix meaning slow |
| endo- | Prefix meaning within |
| epi- | Prefix meaning upon, over, above, on top |
| neo- | Prefix meaning new |
| pre- | Prefix meaning to come before |
| append/o appendic/o | Word root meaning appendix |
| bi/o | Word root meaning life |
| cardi/o | Word root meaning heart |
| cerebr/o | Word root meaning brain, cerebrum |
| dermat/o | Word root meaning skin |
| electr/o | Word root meaning electricity |
| encephal/o | Word root meaning brain |
| gastr/o | Word root meaning stomach |
| hem/o | Word root meaning blood |
| hepat/o | Word root meaning liver |
| hyster/o | Word root meaning uterus |
| laryng/o | Word root meaning voice box, larynx |
| leuk/o | Word root meaning white |
| mamm/o | Word root meaning breast |
| mast/o | Word root meaning breast |
| ment/o | Word root meaning mind |
| nat/o | Word root meaning birth |
| neur/o | Word root meaning nerve |
| path/o | Word root meaning disease |
| proct/o | Word root meaning rectum, anus |
| psych/o | Word root meaning mind |
| rhin/o | Word root meaning nose |
| tonsill/o | almond, tonsil |
| vas/o | vessel |
| -al | Suffix meaning pertaining to |
| -ectomy | Suffix meaning surgical excision, removal |
| -emia | Suffix meaning condition of blood |
| -gram | Suffix meaning a record or image |
| -ia | Suffix meaning condition of |
| -iatry | Suffix meaning treatment, specialty |
| -ic | Suffix meaning pertaining to |
| -itis | Suffix meaning inflammation |
| -logist | Suffix meaning one who studies |
| -logy | Suffix meaning study or science of |
| -pathy | Suffix meaning disease |
| -philia | Suffix meaning loving, affinity for |
| -plasty | Suffix meaning surgical repair |
| -scope | Suffix meaning instrument used for viewing |
| -tic | Suffix meaning pertaining to |
| If the term ends in a, the plural is usually formed by adding __________? | e |
| If the term ends in "is" the plural form is usually formed by ___________? | changing the "is" to "es" |
| If the term ends in "itis" the plural form is _________________? | itides |
| If the term ends in "on" or "um" the plural form ______________? | drops the "on" or "um" and adds "a" |
| If the term ends in "ma" the plural form is change to _____________? | mata |
| If the term ends in "y" the plural form __________________? | drops the "y" and adds the ending "ies" |
| If the term ends in "us" the plural form ______________? | drops the "us" and adds the ending "i" |
| Constructed medical terms use ____________ to unite two word roots. | combining vowels |
| -meter | Suffix meaning measure, measuring instrument |
| -ous | Suffix meaning pertaining to |
| -scope | Suffix meaning instrument used for viewing |
| -scopy | Suffix meaning process of viewing |
| -drome | Suffix meaning run, running |
| syn- | Prefix meaning together |
| -emesis | Suffix meaning vomiting |
| -malacia | Suffix meaning softening |
| -opsy | Suffix meaning view of |
| -oxia | Suffix meaning condition of oxygen |
| -phil -philia | Suffix meaning loving, affinity for |
| -phagia | Suffix meaning eating, swallowing |
| -phasia | Suffix meaning speaking |
| a- | Prefix meaning without, absence of |
| -physis | Suffix meaning growth |
| hypo- | Prefix meaning below |
| -plegia | Suffix meaning paralysis |
| quadri- | Prefix meaning 4 |
| -oma | Suffix meaning tumor |
| oste | Root word meaning bone |
| -stasis | Suffix meaning standing still |
| -algia | Suffix meaning condition of pain |
| arthr | Word root meaning joint |
| -asthenia | Suffix meaning weakness |
| -atresia | Suffix meaning a closure, absence of a normal body opening |
| -cele | Suffix meaning hernia, swelling, protrusion |
| -dynia | Suffix meaning pain |
| -osis | Suffix meaning condition of |
| -ism | Suffix meaning condition, disease |
| -penia | Suffix meaning deficiency, abnormal reduction in number |
| -phobia | Suffix meaning fear |
| -plasia | Suffix meaning formation, growth |
| -rrhagia | Suffix meaning abnormal discharge |
| -rrhea | Suffix meaning discharge |
| -rrhexis | Suffix meaning rupture |
| -sclerosis | Suffix meaning condition of hard |
| spasm -spasm | Word root and Suffix meaning sudden involuntary muscle contraction |
| -od | Suffix meaning toward |
| -hemia | Suffix meaning condition of blood |
| poly- | Prefix meaning excessive, over, many |
| cyt | Word root meaning cell |
| -ary | Suffix meaning pertaining to |
| -ar | Suffix meaning pertaining to |
| -a | Suffix meaning singular |
| -ac | Suffix meaning pertaining to |
| -practic | Suffix meaning practice |
| -centesis | Suffix meaning surgical puncture |
| -clasia -clasis -clast | Suffix meaning break apart |
| -desis | Suffix meaning surgical fixation, fusion |
| -gram | Suffix meaning record, image |
| -graph | Suffix meaning instrument for recording |
| -graphy | Suffix meaning recording process |
| -metry | Suffix meaning measurement, process of measuring |
| -pexy | Suffix meaning surgical fixation, suspension |
| -phylaxis | Suffix meaning protection |
| -rrhaphy | Suffix meaning suturing |
| -stomy | Suffix meaning surgical creation of an opening |
| -tome | Suffix meaning cutting instrument |
| -tomy | Suffix meaning incision |
| -tripsy | Suffix meaning surgical crushing |
| -ion | Suffix meaning process |
| aden/o | gland |
| aut/o | self |
| cutane/o | skin |
| cyan/o | blue |
| derm/o dermat/o | skin |
| follicul/o | little follicle |
| kerat/o | hard |
| onych/o | nail |
| seb/o | sebum oil |
| integumentary system | Forms the entire surface area of the body. |
| dermis | skin |
| abrasion | A common injury to the skin caused by scraping and produces a superficial wound. |
| abscess | A localized elevation of the skin containing a cavity, which is a sign of a local infection. |
| Pus | A mixture of bacteria, white blood cells, damaged tissue, and fluids found in an abscess cavity. |
| Cellulite | A local uneven surface of the skin and is a sign of subcutaneous fat deposition. |
| Cicatrix | scar scar tissue |
| Comedo | Clinical word for pimple. A local elevation of the skin arising from the buildup of oil from sebaceous glands. Plural: comedones |
| Contusion | Commonly known as a bruise. Discoloration and swelling of the skin that is symptomatic of an injury, such as a blow to the body. |
| Cyanosis | It is a blue tinge of color to an area of the skin and is a sign of cardiovascular disturbance. |
| Cyst | A closed sac or pouch on the surface of the skin that is filled with liquid of semisolid material. |
| Edema | Clinical term for fluid accumulation. Caused by leakage of fluid across capillary walls. |
| Erythema | Redness of the skin. Common sign of injury or infection. |
| Fissure | Clinical term for narrow break or slit in the skin. |
| Furuncle | What the local swelling on the skin is called when an abscess is associated with a hair follicle. |
| Induration | A local hard area on the skin or elsewhere in the body. Usually a sign of an excess deposit of collagen or calcium. |
| Jaundice | The clinical term for an abnormal yellow coloration of the skin and eyes. Usually a sign of liver or gall bladder disease. |
| Keloid | An overgrowth of scar tissue that forms an elevated lesion on the skin. |
| Laceration | Common result of an injury caused by a tear or perhaps a cut by a sharp object with an irregular surface. |
| Macule | A discolored spot on the skin surface such as a freckle. |
| Nevus | Similar to a macule, but darker in color. Commonly called a mole. |
| Pallor | An abnormally pale color of the skin. Sign of an internal condition causing a decreased flow of blood to the skin. |
| Papule | A general term describing any small, solid elevation on the skin. An example is a comedo or pimple. |
| Petechia | Sign of a circulatory disorder that occurs when a blood vessel supplying the dermis of the skin ruptures. |
| Pruritus | Itchy skin "Itching" |
| Purpura | Purple-red skin discoloration. Usually the result of a hemorrhage that spreads blood through the skin. |
| Pustule | General term for an elevated are of the skin containing pus. |
| Ulcer | AN erosion through the skin or mucous membrane. |
| Urticaria | A common allergic skin reaction to medications, foods, infection, or injury produces small fluid-filled skin elevations. Also known as hives. |
| Verruca | A wart. A sign of infection by a papilloma virus. |
| Vesicle | Small elevation of the epidermis that is filled with fluid. Ex: Blister |
| Wheal | A temporary, itchy elevation of the skin, often with a white center and red perimeter. |
| ec- | Prefix meaning outside out |
| par- | Prefix meaning alongside abnormal |
| actin/o | radiation |
| albin/o | white |
| carcin/o | cancer |
| cellul/o | little cell |
| chym/o | juice |
| crypt/o | hidden |
| hidr/o | sweat |
| kerat/o | hard |
| melan/o | black |
| myc/o | fungus |
| pedicul/o | body louse |
| scler/o | hard |
| trich/o | hair |
| xer/o | dry |
| -a | Suffix meaning singular |
| Acne | Uncomfortable condition of the skin resulting from bacterial infection of sebaceous glands and ducts. Characterized by numerous open comedones (blackheads) and numerous closed comedones (whiteheads) |
| Actinic keratosis | Precancerous condition of the skin caused by exposure to sunlight. Forms skin lesions resulting from overgrowths of the epidermis, usually with scaly surfaces. |
| Albinism | Genetic condition characterized by the reduction of the pigment melanin. "Condition or disease of white" |
| Alopecia | A loss or lack of scalp hair. AKA Baldness |
| Burn | Injury to the skin caused by excessive exposure to fire, electricity, chemicals, or sunlight. |
| -ad | Suffix meaning toward |
| angio | blood vessel |
| Carbuncle | Skin infection composed of a cluster of boils. |
| Carcinoma | Cancerous tumor |
| Cellulitis | Inflammation of the connective tissue in the dermis. |
| Dermatitis | Generalized inflammation of the skin involving edema of the dermis. |
| Ecchymosis | Condition of the skin caused by leaking blood vessels in the dermis producing purplish patches of purpura larger in size than petechiae. "condition of leaking out" |
| Herpes | A skin eruption producing clusters of deep blisters. |
| Hidradenitis | Excessive perspiration due to inflammation of sweat glands. "inflammation of sweat gland" |
| Impetigo | Contagious skin infection. "scabby eruption" |
| Kaposi's sarcoma | Form of skin cancer arising from the connective tissue of the dermis. Indicated by brown or purple patches on the skin. Common in HIV/AIDS |
| Leukoderma | Skin lightening due to reduced activity of pigment producing cells. "white skin" |
| Melanoma | Skin cancer "black tumor" |
| Onychocryptosis | Ingrown nail. "condition of hidden nail" |
| Onychomalacia | Abnormally soft nail. "softening of the nail" |
| Onychomycosis | Fungal infection of one or more nails. "condition of fungus of the nail" |
| Paronychia | Infection around the nail. "condition of alongside the nail" |
| Pediculosis | Parisitic body louse. |
| Psoriasis | Painful chronic disease of the skin "to itch" |
| Scabies | Skin eruption caused by the female itch mite which burrows into the skin to extract blood. |
| Scleroderma | Abnormal thickening or hardness of the skin caused by overproduction of collagen in the dermis. "skin hardness" |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | Chronic progressive disease of connective tissue. |
| Tinea | Fungal infection of the skin. Aka: RIngworm |
| Trichomycosis | Fungal infection of the hair. |
| Xeroderma | Disease characterized by abnormally dry skin. "dry skin" |
| abras/o | to rub away |
| rhytid/o | wrinkle |
| Biopsy | Minor surgery involving the removal of tissue for evaluation. |
| Debridement | Excision of foreign matter and unwanted tissue. |
| Dermabrasion | Process of rubbing away skin. A form of cosmetic surgery. |
| Dermatoautoplasty | Process of using ones own skin as a graft. |
| Dermatome | Instrument used for cutting thin slices for a graft. |
| Dermatoplasty | General term for surgical procedure of the skin. Skin tissue is transplanted to the body surface. |
| Emollient | Chemical agent that softens or smooths skin. |
| Rhytidectomy | Surgical removal of wrinkles |
| articul/o | joint |
| burs/o | purse or sac bursa |
| carp/o | wrist |
| chondr/o | gristle cartilage |
| condyl/o | knuckle of a joint |
| cost/o | rib |
| cran/o crani/o | skull cranium |
| fasci/o | fascia |
| femor/o | thigh femur |
| fibr/o | fiber |
| fibul/o | fibula |
| ili/o | flank, hip, groin, ilium of the pelvis |
| ischi/o | haunch, hip, joint, ischium |
| menisc/o | meniscus |
| muscul/o | muscle |
| my/o myos/o | muscle |
| myel/o | bone marrow |
| orth/o | straight |
| ost/o oste/o | bone |
| pariet/o | wall |
| patell/o | patella |
| ped/o | child |
| petr/o | stone |
| phalang/o | phalanges |
| phys/o | growth |
| pub/o | pubis |
| radi/o | radius |
| sacr/o | sacred sacrum |
| skelet/o | skeleton |
| spondyl/o | vertebra |
| stern/o | chest sternum |
| synov/o synovi/o | synovial |
| tars/o | tarsal bone |
| ten/o tendon/o | stretch tendon |
| vertebr/o | vertebra |
| a- | Prefix meaning without absence of |
| dys- | Prefix meaning bad, abnormal painful difficult |
| hyper- | Prefix meaning Excessive Abnormally high Above |
| kinesi/o | motion |
| tax/o | reaction to a stimulus |
| troph/o | development |
| -y | Suffix meaning process of |
| -asthenia | Suffix meaning weakness |
| ankyl/o | crooked |
| kyph/o | hump |
| lith/o | stone |
| lord/o | bent forward |
| por/o | hole |
| sarc/o | flesh meat |
| scoli/o | curved |
| -genesis | Suffix meaning origin cause |
| -ptosis | Suffix meaning drooping |
| -lysis | Suffix meaning loosen dissolve |
| ACL | Abbreviation meaning anterior cruciate ligament |
| CTS | Abbreviation meaning carpal tunnel syndrome |
| DJD | Abbreviation meaning degenerative joint disease |
| DMD | Duschenne muscular dystrophy |
| DO | Abbreviation meaning Physician specializing in osteopathy |
| EMG | Abbreviation meaning electromyography |
| HNP | Abbreviation meaning herniated nucleus pulposus, a herniated intervertebral disk |
| MG | Abbreviation meaning myasthenia gravis |
| NSAIDS | Abbreviation meaning nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| OA | Abbreviation meaning osteoarthritis |
| ortho | Abbreviation meaning orthopredics |
| RA | Abbreviation meaning rheumatoid arthritis |
| ROM | Abbreviation meaning range of motion |
| SCI | Abbreviation meaning spinal cord injury |
| THR | Abbreviation meaning total hip replacement |
| TKA | Abbreviation meaning total knee arthroplasty |
| TKR | Abbreviation meaning total knee replacement |
| TMJ | Abbreviation meaning temporomandibular joint |
| angi/o | blood vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| arter/o arteri/o | artery |
| atri/o | atrium |
| cardi/o | heart |
| coron/o | crown or circle, heart |
| my/o myos/o | muscle |
| pector/o | chest |
| valvul/o | little valve |
| vascul/o | little vessel |
| vas/o | vessel |
| ven/o | vein |
| ventricul/o | little belly, ventricle |
| dys- | bad abnormal painful difficult |
| rhythm/o rrhythm/o | rhythm |
| sten/o | narrow |
| -a | Suffix meaning singular |
| -algia | Suffix meaning condition of pain |
| -dynia | Suffix meaning condition of pain |
| -genic | Suffix meaning pertaining to producing, forming |
| -ia | Suffix meaning condition of |
| -osis | Suffix meaning condition of |
| -plegia | Suffix meaning paralysis |
| -sis | Suffix meaning state of |
| -spasm | Suffix meaning sudden involuntary muscle contraction |
| angina pectoris | The primary symptom of an insufficient supply of oxygen to the heart. "chest choke: |
| angiospasm | Abnormal muscular contractions, or spasms, of the smooth muscles forming the vessel walls. |
| angiostenosis | Narrowing of a blood vessel. "condition of a narrow blood vessel" |
| arrhythmia | Loss of the normal rhythm of the heart. "condition of without rhythm" |
| dysrhythmia | Heartbeat with an abnormal rhythm. |
| bradycardia | Abnormally slow heart rate. "slow heart" |
| cardiodynia | Chest pain. |
| cardiogenic | A symptom or sign that originates from a condition of the heart. |
| cardioplegia | Paralysis of the heart. |
| cyanosis | Condition in which a blue tinge is seen in the skin and mucous membranes. "condition of blue" |
| palpitation | A symptom of pounding, racing, or skipping of the heartbeat. |
| tachycardia | A rapid heart rate. |
| ather/o | fatty |
| isch/o | hold back |
| phleb/o | vein |
| sept/o | putrefying. wall, partition |
| tampon/o | plug |
| thromb/o | clot |
| varic/o | dilated vein |
| -megaly | Suffix meaning abnormally large |
| aneurysm | An abnormal bulging of an aterial wall. |
| angiocarditis | Inflammation of the heart and blood vessels. angi/o/card/itis |
| angioma | Term describing a tumor arising from a blood vessel. |
| aortic insufficiency | When blood flow usually blocked by the aortic valve is able to return back through. AKA aortic regurgitation |
| aortic stenosis | A narrowing of the aorta. |
| aoritis | Inflammation of the aorta |
| arteriopathy | Disease of an artery |
| arteriosclerosis | "condition of hard artery" |
| atherosclerosis | Specific form of arteriosclerosis in which one or more fatty plaques form on the inner walls of arteries. "condition of hard fat" |
| atrial septal defect | Congenital condition characterized by the failure of the foramen ovale to close at birth. |
| atrimegaly | Abnormally enlarged or dilated atria. |
| atrioventricular block | Injury to the AV node. |
| cardiac arrest | Cessation of heart activity. |
| cardiac tamponade | Acute compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity. "pertaining to heart plug process" |
| cardiomegaly | Abnormal enlargement of the heart. |
| cardiomyopathy | Disease of the myocardium of the heart. |
| cardiovalvulitis | Inflammation of the valves of the heart. |
| coarctation | To press together of the aorta. |
| congestive heart failure | Chronic form of heart disease caused by the failure of the left ventricle to pump enough blood to supply systemic tissues. |
| cor pulmonale | Chronic enlargement of the right ventricle. AKA right ventricular failure |
| coronary artery disease | General term for disease that afflicts the coronary arteries supplying the heart. |
| abdomin/o | abdomen |
| an/o | anus |
| append/o apendic/o | appendix |
| bil/i | bile |
| cec/o | blind intestine, cecum |
| chol/e | bile, gall |
| choledochc/o | common bile duct |
| col/o colon/o | colon |
| cyst/o | bladder, sac |
| dent/o | teeth |
| duoden/o | twelve, duodenum |
| enter/o | small intestine |
| esophag/e esophag/o | gullet, esophagus |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| gingiv/o | gums |
| gloss/o | tongue |
| hepat/o | liver |
| ile/o | to roll, illeum |
| jejun/o | empty, jejunum |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| or/o | mouth |
| pancreat/o | sweetbread, pancreas |
| peps/o pept/o | digestion |
| peritone/o | to stretch over, peritoneum |
| proct/o | rectum, anus |
| pylor/o | pylorus |
| rect/o | rectum |
| sial/o | saliva |
| sigm/o | the letter "s" sigmoid colon |
| stomat/o | mouth |
| dia- | Prefix meaning through |
| dys- | Prefix meaning bad, abnormal, painful, difficult |
| re | Prefix meaning back |
| flux/o | flow |
| halit/o | breath |
| phag/o | eat, swallow |
| steat/o | fat |
| -algia | Suffix meaning condition of pain |
| -dynia | Suffix meaning condition of pain |
| -emesis | Suffix meaning vomiting |
| -emia | Suffix meaning condition of blood |
| -ia | Suffix meaning condition of |
| -megaly | Suffix meaning abnormally large |
| -osis | Suffix meaning condition of |
| -rrhea | Suffix meaning discharge |
| cheil/o | lip |
| cirrh/o | orange |
| diverticul/o | diverticulum |
| enter/o | small intestine |
| an- | Prefix meaning without, absence of |
| mal- | Prefix meaning bad |
| gloss/o | tongue |
| orex/o | appetite |
| parat/o | parotid gland |
| polyp/o | small growth |
| volv/o | to roll |
| -oid | Suffix meaning resembling |
| -ptosis | Suffix meaning drooping |
| -ectasis | Suffix meaning expansion, dilation |
| acid/o | a solution or substance with a pH less than 7 |
| fec/o | feces |
| lapar/o | abdomen |
| lith/o | stone |
| nas/o | nose |
| pylor/o | pylorus |
| vag/o | vagus nerve |
| -centesis | Suffix meaning surgical puncture |
| -spasmodic | Suffix meaning pertaining to a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction |
| -stomy | Suffix meaning surgical creation of an opening |
| -tomy | Suffix meaning incision, to cut |
| BE | barium enema |
| C&S | stool culture and sensitivity |
| EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| FOBT | fecal occult blood test |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| LGI | lower GI series |
| LI | lactose intolerance |
| N&V | nausea and vomiting |
| UGI | upper GI series |
| albumin/o | albumin (a protein) |
| blast/o | germ, bud, developing cell |
| glomerul/o | little ball, glomerulus |
| gluc/o | sweet, sugar |
| glyc/o glycos/o | sweet, sugar |
| meat/o | opening, passage |
| nephr/o | kidney |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| ren/o | kidney |
| ureter/o | ureter |
| urethr/o | urethra |
| ur/o urin/o | urine |
| azot/o | urea, nitrogen |
| glycos/o | sweet, sugar |
| ket/o keton/o | ketone |
| noct/o | night |
| olig/o | few in number |
| py/o | pus |
| -urea | Suffix meaning urine |
| -uresis | Suffix meaning urination |
| -uria | Suffix meaning pertaining to urine |
| urinalysis | Clinical procedure that examines the composition of urine using a variety of tests including microscopy. |
| albuminuria | Physical sign of abnormal renal filtration. |
| anuresis | The inability to pass urine. |
| anuria | "pertaining to without urine" |
| azotemia | Sign of abnormally high levels of urea and other nitrogen containing compounds in the blood. |
| bacteriuria | Abnormal presence of bacteria in the urine. |
| diuresis | Excessive discharge of urine. |
| dysuria | Difficulty or pain experienced during urination. |
| glycosuria | Abnormal presence of sugar in the urine. |
| hematuria | Abnormal presence of blood in the urine. |
| ketonuria | Abnormal presence of ketone bodies int he urine. |
| nocturia | Need to urinate frequently at night. |
| oliguria | Urination of less thank 500mL per 24 hours. |
| polyuria | Chronic excessive urination. AKA diuresis |
| proteinuria | Presence of any protein in the urine. |
| pyuria | Presence of pus in the urine. |
| en- | Prefix meaning within, upon, on, over |
| spadias/o | rip, tear |
| -cele | Suffix meaning hernia, swelling, protrusion |
| cystitis | Inflammation of the urinary bladder. |
| urethrocystitis | Inflammation of the urinary bladder and the urethra. |
| cystocele | A herniation of the urinary bladder. |
| cystolith | A stone or calculus in the urinary bladder. |
| enuresis | Involuntary release of urine. |
| epispasias | Congenital defect resulting from the abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus. "a rip or tear upon" |
| glomerulonephritis | Inflammation of the glomeruli. |
| hydronephrosis | Distension in the renal pelvis caused by a back up of urine. |
| hypospadias | "rip or tear below" |
| incontinence | The inability to control urination. |
| nephritis | Inflammation of the kidney. |
| nephroblastoma | Tumor originating from kidney tissue. AKA Wilms' tumor |
| nephrolithiasis | The presence of one or more stones within a kidney. AKA renal calculi |
| nephroma | General term for tumor arising from kidney tissue. |
| nephromegaly | Abnormal enlargement of one or both kidneys. |
| nephroptosis | The condition of downward displacement (drooping) of a kidney. |
| polycystic | Kidney condition characterized by the presence of numerous cysts. "pertaining to many bladders" |
| pyelitis | Inflammation of the renal pelvis. |
| pyelonephritis | Inflammatory condition of the renal pelvis and nephrons. |
| strictures | Condition of abnormal narrowing. |
| Ureteral stricture | ureter is narrowed |
| urethral stricture | urethra us narrowed |
| ureterovesical stricture | junction of the ureter and bladder is narrowed. |
| uremia | Presence of excess urea and other nitrogenous wastes are present in the blood. |
| ureteritis | Inflammation of the ureter. |
| ureterocele | A herniated ureter. |
| ureterolithiasis | Presence of one or more stones in the ureter. |
| urinary retention | Abnormal accumulation of urine within the urinary bladder. |
| urinary supression | An acute stoppage of urine formation by the kidneys. |
| urinary tract infection | An infection of the urinary organs. |
| son/o | sound |
| tom/o | to cut |
| vesic/o | bladder |
| -pexy | Suffix meaning surgical fixation, suspension |
| -tripsy | Suffix meaning surgical crushing |
| blood urea nitrogen | A clinical lab test that measures urea concentration in a sample of blood. |
| creatinine | Protein the is a normal component of urine and is a by-product of muscle metabolism. |
| cystectomy | Surgical removal of the urinary bladder. |
| cystography | An x-ray procedure producing an image of the urinary bladder with injection of a contrast medium or dye. |
| cystourethrogram | An x-ray procedure producing an image of the urinary bladder and urethra with injection of a contrast medium or dye. |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram |
| cystolithotomy | A procedure in which an incision is made through the urinary bladder wall to remove a stone. |
| cystoplasty | Surgical repair of the urinary bladder. |
| cystorrhaphy | Suturing of the urinary bladder wall. |
| cystoscopy | A procedure using a modified endoscope to view the interior of the urinary bladder. |
| cystostomy | The surgical creation of an artificial opening into the urinary bladder. |
| cystotomy | An incision through the urinary bladder wall. |
| fulguration | A surgical procedure that destroys living tissue with an electric current. |
| hemodialysis | A procedure that pushes a patient's blood through permeable membranes with an instrument. |
| lithotripsy | A surgical technique that applies concentrated sound waves to pulverize or dissolve stones into smaller pieces. |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
| nephrectomy | Procedure that removes a kidney. |
| nephrogram | An X-ray image of a kidney. |
| nephrology | The medical field that studies and treats disorders associated with the kidneys. |
| nephrolysis | Surgical procedure during which abnormal adhesions are removed a kidney. |
| nephropexy | Surgical fixation of a kidney. |
| nephroscopy | Visual examination of kidney nephrons. |
| nephrosonography | An ultrasound procedure that provides an image of a kidney for diagnostic analysis. |
| nephrostomy | A procedure that surgically creates and opening through the body wall and into a kidney. |
| pyelostomy | Catheter inserted from the exterior to the renal pelvis for urine drainage. |
| nephrotomogram | A diagnostic procedure that images the kidney with sectional x-rays to observe internal details. |
| peritoneal dialysis | Processing of fluids and electrolytes by artificial filtration as a cleansing treatment to compensate for kidney failure. |
| pyelogram | An x-ray of the renal pelvis. |
| pyelolithotomy | Incision into the kidney performed during surgery to remove a stone from the renal pelvis. |
| pyeloplasty | Surgical repair of the renal pelvis. |
| renal transplant | Surgical replacement of a dysfunctioning kidney with a donor kidney. |
| renography | An examination that uses nuclear medicine by IV injection of radioactive material into the patient's kidneys. |
| specific gravity | The measurement of the density of substances in a liquid compared to water. |
| ureterectomy | Surgical removal of the ureter. |
| ureterostomy | Surgical creation of an external opening from the ureter to the body surface. |
| ureterotomy | Incision into the wall of the ureter. |
| urethropexy | Surgical fixation of the urethra. |
| urethroplasty | Surgical repair of the urethra. |
| urethrostomy | Surgical creation of an opening through the urethra. |
| urethrotomy | Incision into the wall of the urethra. |
| urinalysis | A combination of clinical lab tests that are performed on a urine specimen. |
| urinary catheterization | The process of inserting a urinary catheter. |
| urinary endoscopy | The procedural use of an endoscope to observe internal structures of the urinary system. |
| meatoscope | Specialized endoscope for inserting into the meatus. |
| nephroscope | Specialized endoscope for viewing a kidney. |
| urethroscope | Specialized endoscope for viewing the urethra. |
| cystoscope | Specialized endoscope for observing the interior of the urinary bladder. |
| urinometer | An instrument that measures specific gravity in a sample of urine. |
| urologist | The medical field specializing in disorders of the urinary system. |
| vesicourethral suspension | A surgery that is performed to stabilize the position of the urinary bladder. |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| cath | catheter, catheterization |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| IVP | intravenous pyelogram |
| RP | retrograde pyelogram |
| SG | specific gravity |
| UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram |
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