Gender Bias

Descripción

A level (Issues and Debates) Psychology Fichas sobre Gender Bias, creado por Chanelle Titchener el 01/10/2018.
Chanelle Titchener
Fichas por Chanelle Titchener, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Chanelle Titchener
Creado por Chanelle Titchener hace alrededor de 6 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta Respuesta
Gender Bias The difference in treatment or representation of men and women based on stereotypes rather than the real differences
Alpha Bias The tendency to exaggerate the differences between men and women - Hare & Marecek 1988 - Devalues one gender in comparison to another
Beta Bias The tendency to ignore the differences between men and women - Androcentrism -
Androcentrism Predominantly male studies that do not demonstrate how women may behave
Universality The aim to produce theories and research that apply to both men and women. Beta bias = aim to eradicate differences
Alpha Bias - Freud - Freud - Reflected the 19th Century culture alpha biased theory of psychoanalysis Femininity = failed masculinity
Alpha Bias - Josselson 1988 - Josselson = women cannot undergo the Oedipus Complex Superego develops during the OC Women = Morally inferior
Beta Bias - Stress Research - Fight or flight Biological research is predominantly carried out on male participants Hormonal changes in females make biological studies more difficult to carry out on female participants
Implications of Gender Bias - Evaluation - May create misleading interpretations of female behaviour Tavris (1993) = normal for women to feel abnormal May provide scientific "justification" to deny women opportunities
Sexism - Evaluation - There is a lack of women at senior levels = female concerns may not be reflected in research Lab experiments - women may be labelled as unreasonable, irrational, and unable to complete the tasks Denmark et al (1988) - Psychology is institutionally sexist and creates bias
Reflexivity - Evaluation - Modern researchers are beginning to recognise the effect of their own values on research Leads to greater awareness of personal bias
Essentialism - Evaluation - Most biases are based on the essentialist perspective = genders are fixed and enduring
Feminist Psychology - Evaluation - Worrell (1992) - women should be studied in a real-life context - Diversity within groups of women rather than between men and women
Alpha Bias - Evaluation - + Lead some theorists to assert the value of feminine qualities + Healthy criticism of cultural values that praise male qualities - Sustains prejudices and stereotypes - Focuses on the differences between the genders.
Beta Bias - Evaluation - + Makes people view men and women as the same. Equal treatment and access. - Draws attention to the differences in power - Elagitarian approach = results in major misinterpretations
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