Parasitology Cestodes

Descripción

Basic info covering Mesocestoides spp., Diphyllobothrium spp., Spirometra mansonoides, Echinococcus spp., Taenia spp., Diphylidium caninum, Maniezia, and Anoplocephala
Cassie Bowling
Fichas por Cassie Bowling, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Cassie Bowling
Creado por Cassie Bowling hace casi 6 años
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Moniezia and Anoplocephala Distribution Course in body Definitive Host Life Cycle Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Zoonotic? Worldwide GI tract Moniezia (Ruminants) and Horses (Anoplocephala) Indirect Cycle: Eggs in manure, oribatid mite ingests egg, hatch and mature to cysticercoids, horse ingests mite, travel to ileocecal junction, mature and reproduce Clinical signs: Diarrhea and colic Diagnosis: ID segments, eggs in feces, antigen test Treatment: albendazole (ruminants) or praziquantel/pyrantel (horses), control mites, stocking density, pasture rotation, feces removal Not zoonotic
Moneizia and Anoplocephala (clear, triangular to square)
Moniezia and Anoplocephala (large, long, wide proglottids, white, flat, unarmed suckers and lappets)
Dipylidium caninum (packets, brown, undulating surface, ~25-30 eggs per packet)
Dipylidium caninum (long, white, flat, 2 lateral pores on proglottids)
Dipylidium caninum Distribution Course in body Definitive Host Life Cycle Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Zoonotic? Cucumber seed, flea tapeworm Worldwide Small Intestine Indirect Cycle: Proglottid with egg packet in feces, larval flea or biting louse ingests- develop to hexacanth embryo- develop to cysticercoid after flea feeds, host eats flea Clinical signs: perianal pruritus DIagnosis: ID segments, egg packets in fecal float/sediment Treatment: praziquantel, epsiprantel, flea control Zoonotic
Taenia spp. Distribution Course in body Definitive Host Life Cycle Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Zoonotic? Worldwide Small intestine Dogs (pisiformis), cats (taeniaeformis), humans (solium[pig] and saginata[cattle]) Indirect cycle: proglottid with egg packet in feces, ingested by intermediate host, penetrate intestine and encysts in intermediate host, develop to infective stage, ingested by host, mature in small intestine Clinical signs: impaction, (inflammation, myositis, stiffness, head tilt, behavior change, ataxia, blindness, meningoencephalitis, convulsions, death, distension, lethargy) Diagnosis: ID proglottid/adult, sediment/float Treatment: fenbendazole (dogs), praziquantel, epsiprantel, prevent predation/scavenging, rodent control Zoonotic
Taenia spp. or Echinococcus (Dark, striated shell, hexacanth embryo, smaller than roundworms)
Taenia spp. (varied size, 4 suckers, armed rostellum, rectangular proglottids, alternating unilateral genital pore)
Echinococcus (small, ~3-5 segments)
Echinococcus spp. Distribution Course in body Definitive Host Life Cycle Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Zoonotic? Worldwide Small intestine Carnivores Indirect Cycle: Segment with eggs released in feces, eaten by ruminants/swine/equine-through GI wall-blood vessels -unilocular hydatic cyst, ingested by host, mature Clinical signs: (intermediate hosts) pressure necrosis, hemorrhagic masses, loss of organ function Diagnosis: eggs in feces, ELISA, PCR Treatment: Praziquantel, epsiprantel, surgical resection, albendazole+praziquantel, prevent predation, clean up feces Zoonotic
Spirometra mansonoides Distribution Course in body Definitive Host Life Cycle Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Zoonotic? Zipper tapeworm Worldwide (aquatic habitats) Small intestine Carnivores Indirect Cycle: egg in feces, develop/hatch in fresh water, coracidium hatches, copepod eats-procercoid, eaten by 2nd intermediate host-plerocercoid in muscle/subcue, eaten by host, mature Clinical signs: diarrhea, weight loss,vomiting, sparganosis Diagnosis: float or sediment, ID adults or plerocercoids Treatment: 5x praziquantel for 2 days, fence off aquatic area, prevent predation Zoonotic
Spirometra mansonoides (smooth, operculum, similar to trematode eggs)
Spirometra mansonoides (long, medial genital pore, bothria, wider than length)
Diphyllobothrium spp. (smooth surface, operculum)
Diphllobothrium spp. (long, medial genital pore, bothria, proglottids wider than long)
Diphyllobothrium latum Distribution Course in body Definitive Host Life Cycle Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Zoonotic? Broad fish tapeworm Worldwide (aquatic habitats) Small intestine Carnivores Indirect cycle: Egg in feces, hatch and develop to coracidium in water, eaten by copepod-procercoid, eaten by fish-plerocercoid, eaten by paratenic or definitive host, develop and reproduce in small intestine Clinical signs: diarrhea, weight loss, vomiting, b12 deficiency Diagnosis: Sediment (looks like fluke egg), ID adults Treatment: 5x praziquantel for 2 days, fence off aquatic area, don't feed fish scraps Zoonotic
Mesocestoides spp. Distribution Course in body Definitive Host Life Cycle Clinical Signs Diagnosis Treatment Zoonotic? Worldwide-Australia Small intestine Mammals, birds Indirect Cycle: proglottid with embryonated eggs in feces, eaten by arthropod-cysticercoid, eaten by vertebrate second intermediate host-tetrathrydium-multiply, ingestion by host, mature in small intestine Clinical signs: (intermediate) anorexia, weight loss, ascites, abdominal distension, death Diagnosis: ID proglottids, eggs in float/sediment, tetrathyridia in fluid aspirate/PCR Treatment: Praziquantel, surgical removal/lavage+fenbendazole, prevent predation Zoonotic
Mesocestoides spp. (thin, clear, smooth, hexacanth embryo)
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