Key Terms Attachment

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Attachment and Social Relationships
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ATTACHMENT The strong, emotional bond between parents and carers.
SEPARATION ANXIETY Distress when a child is separated from their caregiver. (Bowlby)
STRANGER ANXIETY Distress when a child meets an unfamiliar face. (Bowlby)
CRITICAL PERIOD A time frame in which babies must meet milestones that is essential for development. (Bowlby)
SENSITIVE PERIOD A time frame in which babies must meet milestones that is optimal for development. (Bowlby)
PRE-ATTACHMENT PHASE When a baby shows little or no variation in response to caregiver and others. (Bowlby)
EARLY ATTACHMENT PHASE When a baby recognises the main caregiver and seeks comfort from them. (Bowlby)
SEPARATION PROTEST PHASE When an infant seeks close proximity with the caregiver and displays separation anxiety. (Bowlby)
GOAL CORRECTED PHASE When a child understands concepts of attachment; trust, affection, approval. A child will also seek independence. (Bowlby)
SECURE BASE Helps the child explore the world safely, is emotionally available and physically available. (Ainsworth)
SAFE HAVEN Responds sensitively in stressful situations, provides reassurance, comfort and protection. (Ainsworth)
AVOIDANT Infant shows little or no signs of attachment when the caregiver leaves or returns. (Ainsworth)
SECURE The infant misses the caregiver in absence and makes attempts to reunite when they're back. (Ainsworth)
AMBIVALENT The child is distressed when the caregiver leaves but cant settle when she returns. (Ainsworth)
DISORGANISED Child has various different behaviours when the caregiver leaves and returns. (Ainsworth)
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