GCSE Geography Climate change

Pregunta	Respuesta
Orbital change	Affects how much sunlight we receive. It takes 100,000 years for the earths orbit to change from being more circular, to an ellipse, and back again. It takes 41000 years for the earths axis to tilt, straighten up, and tilt back again.
Solar output	Sun spots cause an uneven temperature on the suns surface. Temperatures are greater when there are plenty of sunspots.
Volcanic activity	Major volcanic eruptions lead to a brief period of global cooling, due to ash being ejected into the atmosphere and blanketing the earth.
The little ice age	Unusual cold conditions between 1300-1850 AD. Increased illness and famine. Livestock survival and crop productivity decreased. Food cost increased.
Methane	Released by: swamps landfill farming cattle
Nitrious oxide	Released by: combustion of fossil fuel sewage treatment wet tropical forests
Water vapour	Condense into clouds which reflect solar radiation- cooling effect. As temperatures rise more water evaporates from ground sources.
Carbon dioxide	Released by: burning fuel deforestation cement production
Ozone	Causes warming and cooling effect. Levels nearly doubled since the 1800's. Released by: car emissions industrial pollution
Halocarbons	Used primarily as cooling agents, propellants and cleaning solvent. CFCs HFCs
Bangladesh	Higher temp melts snow from Himalayas- causes increased flooding and river erosion. Crops are destroyed. Low lying land- floods easily. Cannot afford protection from flooding.

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