Evolution

Pregunta	Respuesta
adaptions	evolution of features that make a group of organisms better suited to live and reproduce in their environment
allele	alternate form of a gene
biogeography	study of the past and present distribution of species
Charles Darwin	British naturalist during the nineteenth century who helped develop the theory of evolution and wrote the book The Origin of Species
comparative anatomy	comparison of the anatomy of different species
comparative embryology	comparison of the embryo development across species
convergent evolution	separate organisms not related independently evolve similar traits due to living in similar environments
divergent evolution	buildup of differences between related species populations, leading to speciation
evolution	change in traits of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection; all species are related and gradually change over time
cladogram	branching diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species
fitness	ability to survive to reproductive age, find a mate and produce offspring
fossil	remains or impressions of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock
genotypes	genetic makeup of a cell, which determines one of its characteristics
homologous structures	an organ or bone that appears in different animals, shows anatomical similarities demonstrating descent from a common ancestor
isolation	little genetic mixing between organisms of the same species; result of isolation mechanisms that prevent successful reproduction
molecular	relating to or consisting of molecules
trait	a feature of an organism
vestigial structure	structure in organism that has lost its original function due to evolution
mutation	changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in new form that can be passed down to offspring
natural selection	process where organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
phenotype	set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its phenotype with the environment
phylogeny	study of evolutionary relationships among biological entities - often species, individuals or genes
population	number of organisms of the same species that live in a particular geographic area
sexual reproduction	mode of reproduction involving the fusion of a female gamete and male gamete, forms a zygote that develops into an offspring
speciation	formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution
species	largest group of organisms where two individuals of the appropriate mating types can produce fertile offspring

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	Creado por Olivia Paul hace más de 5 años