17775311
Descripción
Fichas por John Rivada, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por John Rivada
hace más de 5 años
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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| What is a Bronsted acid? | Species having tendency to lose a proton |
| What is a Bronsted base? | Species having tendency to accept a proton |
| What is the equation for pka/ka? | ** |
| Define amphoteric | Compund that can be acid OR base |
| What must the Ka value be for an acid to be completely dissociated? | Ka >= 10^6 |
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Is the following reaction capable of happening? Why or why not?
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Yes! Because the pka of HBr is really low and pkb of acetic acid is really high I think? |
| What is a zwitterion? | An ion with both positive and negative charges in the same molecule |
| If acid is weak, is pH high or low? | high |
| If acid is strong, is pH high or low? | low |
| If acid is strong, is pka high or low? | low |
| If acid is weak, is pka high or low? | high |
| If base is weak, is pH high or low? | low |
| If base is strong, is pH high or low? | high |
| If base is strong, is pka high or low? | high |
| If base is weak, is pka high or low? | low |
| Define pka and pkb | pka = ability to lose proton pkb = ability to gain proton |
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**turn this into a question |
| Conjugate base is MORE stable than acid: strong or weak acid? | Strong |
| Conjugate base is LESS stable than acid: strong or weak acid? | Weak |
| What makes an anion/conjugate base stable? | -Spread out/ diffuse charge -Charge on electronegative atom -Weak H-A bond |
| Conjugate acid is MORE stable than base: strong or weak base? | strong |
| Conjugate acid is LESS stable than base: strong or weak base? | weak |
| What makes a conjugate acid stable? | -Delocalized/resonating positive charge -If base was negatively charged, charge was on an electropositive (C,H) or moderately electronegative and small element (N) -Strong H-A bond |
| Examples of HARD | F-, Cl-, RO-, Li+, Mg2+, H+ Cu(II) Carbonyls Carbonyls of a,b unsaturated carbonyls Acid Chlorides Silicon O lone pair F lone pair |
| Common HARD reagents | R-MgX R-Li LiAlH4 LiBH4 DIBAL |
| What is the full name and chemical structure for DIBAL What is its main use? |
diisobutyl aluminium hydride
**use?
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| Examples of SOFT | I-, RS-, RSe-, S2-, Br- Cu+, Hg+, Hg2+ RSH, R3P, alkenes, aromatics, alkenes of a,b-unsaturated carbonyls lonep airs on: S, P, Br, I |
| Common SOFT reagents | R2CuLi R-Mgx Cu(i) salt as cat. H2 + cat. PD Rh Pt (CuH)6 R-I R-Br |
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Calculate Keq of the above equation. Is it a complete reaction?
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No!
Keq is not >= 10^6
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| How do you calculate log Keq? Or just Keq? | log(Keq) = pka product acid - pka reactant acid or Keq = ka product acid - ka reactant acid |
| Why is that H3O+ is strongest acid in water? | Because pka = -1.74 Stronger acids just make more H3O+ |
| True or false: do solvents affect pKa? | True! Better solvent is at stabilizing the ions, the LOWER the pka |
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Pka?
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0 |
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Pka?
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5 |
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Pka?
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8 (binary/octet-stream)
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5 |
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Pka?
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9 (binary/octet-stream)
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10 |
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Pka?
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10 (binary/octet-stream)
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10 |
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Pka?
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11 (binary/octet-stream)
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10 |
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Pka?
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12 (binary/octet-stream)
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10 |
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Pka?
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13 (binary/octet-stream)
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15 |
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Pka?
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14 (binary/octet-stream)
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15 |
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Pka?
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20 |
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Pka?
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25 |
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Pka?
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25 |
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Pka?
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35 |
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Pka?
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35 |
| Pka of alkanes? | 50 |
| Pkb range of alkyl- and aryllithiums? | ~48-53 |
| Pkb of LDA? | ~35 |
| Does an EWG make a compound more or less acidic? | More |
| Does an EDG make a compound more or less acidic? | Less |
| Does hybridization make a compound more or less acidic? Ie is an alkyne more or less basic than an alkane? | More |
| What is good about LDA | Not a good nucleophile So its good when we need to deprotonate and avoid nucleophilic addition to a carbonyl |
| Mechanism of LDA formation? |
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| Are alkali metal hydrides good nucleophiles? Good bases? | Bad Nucleophiles but great bases |
| PKb of H-? ie Pka of H2? | ~35-36 |
| Pkb >= pka - 6 Equilibrium favours which direction? | Favour starting materials ** double check this |
| What is an amidine? (chemical structure) |
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