CSC 101

Pregunta	Respuesta
Computer	a fast electronic device that accepts INPUT information, Processes it according to a PROGRAM, and produces the resultant OUTPUT information
Instrumentalism	Technology can be used and is only a tool (it is neutral) It's not about technology itself, its about how you use it
Techological Determinism	Technology is this autonomous force that is unstoppable
Media Ecology	the study of media as environment (the media affects us just like our natural environment does, maybe even more)
Marshall McLuhan's 4 Laws of Media Effects	1. What does the media enhance? 2. What does the media make obsolete (no longer needed)? 3. What does the media bring back from the past that used to be obsolesced? 4. What does the media flip into when pushed to the extreme?
Who Invented Javascript Programming?	Brendan Eich 1995
What should all Javascript statements end with?	;
In Javascript, when is the escape character used?	before an apostrophe so as to not let the computer think that that is the end quote (escape character - \)
Attribute for when the mouse goes over an image	onmouseover
Attribute when a mouse is clicked	onclick
name of of the computing issues related to robots	robots take care of the weaker members of society. Robots who do nat have emotions. We ourselves lose the ability to care for others and others lose the feeling of human companionship
TRUE/FALSE "Put the right kind of software into a computer, and it will do whatever you want it to. There may be limits on what you can do with the machines themselves, but there are no limits on what you can do with software."	FALSE
TRUE/FALSE For any given problem, there is only one algorithm	FALSE
TRUE/FALSE The parseFloat function in JavaScript takes a numeric input and returns the corresponding string value	FALSE
TRUE/FALSE Source code refers to the collection of computer instructions written in binary	FALSE
TRUE/FALSE A translator (or compiler) provides real-time translation	FALSE
Algorithm	step-by-step instructions for accomplishing a given task
This is a binary language that runs directly on the hardware of a particular machine	Machine Language
What is made freely available and may be redistributed and modified in the case of open source software?	Source Code
Father of the Computer	Charles Babbage -difference engine: mechanical calculator - analytical engine: general purpose programmable computer
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)	controls method which messages are broken down into packets and reassembled at their final destination
Internet Protocol (IP)	labelling the packets for delivery and controlling packet's paths
Distributed network	Alternate routes for messages
Packet-switching	breaking a message into small pieces, sent independently (helps with band width and preventing corruption)
Generation 0	Mechanical Charles Babbage Ada Lovelace (first programmer)
Generation 1	Vacuum Tubes control electric current through a vacuum in a sealed container (perform calculation much quicker) ENIAC: large scale electronic digital computer Alan Turing ELIZA: simulated psychotheropist
Generation 2	Transistors smaller, cheaper, reliable, energy efficient Compiler Grace Hopper
Compiler who invented?	a program that translates English language instructions into the language of the Computer by Grace Hopper
Generation 3	Integrated Circuit (IC) enabled numerous transistors to be manufactured on a single chip (smaller, faster, less expensive)
Generation 4	VSLI (Very Large Scale Integration) millions of transistors on a single chip
First Personal Computer	Altair 8800
Generation 5	Parallel Processigna and Networking PP: using multiple processors in a single computer to share computational load Networking: Computers are no longer stand-alone, they are interconnected
Ada Lovelace	first programmer
Design Norms	Cultural Appropriateness Transparency Stewardship Aesthetic Norms Justice Caring Trust
Phishing Attacks	way of attempting to acquire sensitive information by masquerading as a trustworthy site
Informationism	faith in the collection and dissemination of information as a route to social progress and personal happiness
parseFloat	converting strings into values
Difference b/w HMTL and JavaScript	HTML is a static webpage JavaScript creates dynamic webpages
Who Developed JavaScript?	Brendan Eich 1995
Event Handlers	listens for an event and responds by running code
String	sequence of characters enclosed in quotes
Boolean	meaning a true or false statement
sequencial search	general purpose but relatively slow start at the beginning and continue through
binary search	restricted use but fast continually cutting the desired search list in half until item is found. Only applicable if list is ordered
machine language	instructions that correspond directly to the hardware operations of a particular machine
assembly language	evolved from machine languages and substituted words for binary code
high-level language	allows one to write code closer to the way humans think
source code	the collection of computer instructions written in a computer language
Program Translation: Interpretation	used to provide a real-time translation the interpreter hears a phrase, translates and immediately speaks the translation (JavaScript)
Program Translation: Translator (Compiler)	Translates the entire speech off-line makes copy of speech, returns when the entire speech is translated Ad: once translated it can be read over and over very quickly Dis: must wait for entire speech to be translated (Commercial Software)
Parity Bits	find row or colomn that doesn't have an even number of 1s
von Neumann Architecture	virtually all modern computers have the same underlying structure
Central Processing Unit (CPU)	carries out the instructions to process information acts as the brain of the computer
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)	Circuitry that performs the actual operations on data (addition, subtraction etc)
Registers	memory locations built into the CPU (to provide fast access)
Bus	the transfer of data between registers and main memory occurs across a collection of wires called a bus
Control Unit (CU)	circuitry in charge of fetching data and instruction from main memory, as well as controlling the flow of data between registers and the ALU

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