Early Middle Ages

Pregunta	Respuesta
Feudalism	a political and social structure (system) of service in medieval Europe between a lord and vassal who have sworn loyalty to the lord
Fief	land given in exchange for loyalty and protection (a noble gives land to a knight)
Habeas Corpus	a writ (document) that says a person cannot be detained/arrested for a long period of time without a trial
Manor	property owned by a lord that included the castle, fields, villages, peasants, church etc.
Papacy	the authority of the Pope (head of the Catholic Church)
How did Christianity spread and WHO helped?	Missionaries; St. Patrick
Why did St. Patrick want to spread Christianity to his homeland in Ireland?	He felt compelled (he had to) share about God's goodness to everyone
How did Christian Monks and Nuns or Monasteries influence European Society? (list 4)	1. Provided Schools and hospitals 2. taught skills 3. Spread Christianity 4. Copied down Greek and Roman Christian writing to preserve history/teachinga
Who was Charlemagne?	"Charles the Great" united Europe for the first time since the fall of Rome
What are two examples of conflict between the Papacy and the European monarchs?	Pope Gregory VII and King Henry IV arguing over who had the power to appoint Bishops and Role of church in politics and government
What are two examples of cooperation between the Papacy and the European Monarchs?	Spread Christianity and Pope Leo III crowning Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor
Who brought feudalism to Europe and then over to England?	William the Conqueror
What are four facts about William the Conqueror?	Duke of Normandy in France Brought Feudalism to England Wrote the Domesday book Won the Battle of Hastings in 1066
What Battle brought Feudalism to England?	Battle of Hastings
What year did the battle of Hastings take place?	1066
Who was fighting in the Battle of Hastings?	Harold Godwinson of England vs. William the Conqueror Duke of Normandy
What is a Medieval Manor?	Castle where nobles lived, church, fields for crop rotation, serf’s homes close together, Village Green area to hang out and watch tournaments; mill (water, wind) to grind grains or work the wine press
What are four important facts about Magna Carta?	1: limited the King’s power 2. Gave power to the nobles 3: Signed by King John in 1215 C.E. 4: Inspired our American Constitution & human rights around the world
Who signed the Magne Carta and when was it signed?	King John; 1215 C.E.
What does this show? Image: Feudalism (binary/octet-stream)	Feudalism
What are seven characteristics about Feudalism?	serfs and peasants worked the farms and fields of their lords - distinctive lower working class develops across Europe serfs were tied to the land serfs and peasants received protection in return for their work vassals were awarded land in return for military service to their lord lords provided services such as courts and protection for their vassals and serfs $farming dominated local economies across Europe $Crop rotation - made farming more economically viable manors/fiefs
Which group was the largest population and made up the main workforce?	Peasants
How did feudalism influence Europe’s economy?	$farming dominated local economies across Europe $Crop rotation - made farming more economically viable $*Trade grew- Nobles repaired roads and bridges, knights protected them, and trade was allowed to begin and flourish once more
Under the Feudal system, who controls all political life?	Leading lords
List three Monarchs that cooperated with the Catholic Church	Charles Martel, Pepin, and Charlemagne
List four new agriculture methods that allowed towns and cities to grow in size and population.	Heavy wheeled plow with an iron blade; Horse Shoe; Water and wind power; Crop rotation methods

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