Demand, supply and the market

Descripción

Flashcards on 'demand, supply and the market' for South African students. (Made with love by a South African ECON1016 student at Wits University in 2015) Thank you to Wikipedia for the great economic surplus diagram :) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_surplus
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta Respuesta
Define a 'market' A place or an arrangement where buyers and sellers exchange goods and services.
Define 'demand' The quantity that buyers want to buy at a reasonable price.
Define 'supply' The quantity of a good that sellers want to sell at a price that should make them profit.
Define 'equilibrium price' The price at which supply meets demand.
What's the difference between excess demand and excess supply? Excess demand is when demand for the item exceeds the supply. Excess supply is when supply for the item exceeds the demand.
What's the difference between a 'substitute' and a 'complement'? A substitute is the best valued alternative e.g. if the price of petrol increases, there's always public transport. A complement is something that works with the good i.e. petrol works with your car.
Define an 'inferior good' Usually, a cheap good that's low quality that some people would buy and others would spend a little more on the normal good.
What is 'price control'? Government rules/laws setting price floors and ceilings.
Define 'Economic Surplus' The sum of the consumer and the producer surplus.
Define 'Consumer Surplus' The area below the market demand but ABOVE the equilibrium line.
Define 'Producer Surplus' The area above the market demand but BELOW the equilibrium line.
Define 'Price Ceiling' Reduces the quantity supplied to lead to excess demand. Must be placed below equilibrium price for maxiumum effectiveness.
Define 'Price Floor' Reduces the quantity demanded, unless the government intervenes with another plan for the demand. Must be placed above equilibrium price for maxiumum effectiveness.
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