topic 23 - Experimental design

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A-Level (RESEARCH METHODS) Psychology A2 Fichas sobre topic 23 - Experimental design, creado por Charlotte Hewson el 21/04/2015.
Charlotte Hewson
Fichas por Charlotte Hewson, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Charlotte Hewson
Creado por Charlotte Hewson hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta Respuesta
describe a repeated measures design all participants do every condition
describe an independent groups design participant allocated to a group. each group takes part in one condition
describe matched pairs design pairs of participants are matched on key variables (e.g. age, gender, intelligence) one member of each pair is under one condition, the other members do the other condition
what are 2 limitations of repeated measures? -order effects -more likely to guess the aim
how would an order effect change results? they may do better through practice, or worse through boredom/tiredness
what may participants guessing the aim lead to? altered behaviour, this then affects the validity of the results
what are 2 limitations of independent groups? -lack of control over participant variables -more participants are needed than in repeated measures
what do participant variables act as? extraneous variables
how can this be prevented? random allocation
how many more participants are needed for independent measures design? twice as many
what ae two limitations of matched pairs? -time consuming -cant control all participant variables
why is it so time consuming? must start with very large group and sort through to find sufficiently matched participants
why cant you control all participant variables? the potential list is too long
what do these uncontrolled variables act as? extraneous variables
what is counterbalancing? each condition is tested first or second in equal amounts
what are the two ways to do this? some participants do condition A then condition B other participants do condition B then condition B
what is the other way to do this? ABBA design. all participants are tested 4 times
what happens in a single blind trial? participants re 'blind' to the aims of the study. they may be given a cover story to stop them guessing the aim.
what happens in a double blind trial? both the participants and researcher are 'blind' to the aims of the study.
what does a double blind trial reduce? experimenter effects
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