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Creado por cerysroche
hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta | Respuesta |
Newton's Second Law of Motion | The rate of change of a body's momentum is proportional to the resultant force acting on it, and the direction of change is that of the resultant force |
The principle of conservation of Momentum | The vector sum of the momenta of the bodies in a system is constant, provided there is no resultant force from outside the system |
In an Elastic collision... | no kinetic energy is lost or gained. |
Centripetal Acceleration | A body is moving at constant speed around a circular path is accelerating, because its velocity is always changing (in direction) Centripetal- always directed towards the circle centre |
Spring Constant | The force exerted by the spring, per unit extension |
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) | A body performs SHM if its acceleration is proportional to its displacement from a fixed point, but is in the opposite direction to its displacement. |
Natural Oscillations occur... | when a body on a spring, a pendulum, or any other system with a mass and a force pulling it towards an equilibrium point, is displaced from equilibrium and released. |
Damped | Amplitude decreases with time due to resistive forces Periodic time is constant, amplitude falls exponentially |
Critical Damping | Doesn't oscillate if displaced, returns to equilibrium. |
Moles | A batch of 6.02x10^23 molecules The number of molecules per mole is called Avogadro's constant |
Boyle's Law | For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the pressure exerted is inversely proportional to the volume occupied. pV=constant |
0 Kelvin | Absolute zero, -273.2'C |
Ideal Gas equation | pV=nRT (using temperature in Kelvin) |
Kinetic Theory of Gases | 1. collisions between molecules are elastic 2. molecules occupy negligible fraction of container volume 3. compared to forces exerted on container walls, molecules exert negligible force on each other. |
Thermodynamics | The internal energy of a system, and transfers of energy as work and heat into and out of the system |
Rapid Expansion of an Ideal Gas | Rapid change doesn't allow time for much heat flow. Q=0, therefore dU=-W |
Slow Expansion of an Ideal Gas (Isothermal) | Gas temperature will not be able to fall, thus the expansion is isothermal (constant temperature), dU = 0 therefore 0=Q + W Q = W |
Specific Heat Capacity | The heat input required to raise the temperature of mass, m, of a solid or liquid by dT. Q = mcdT c = SHC (J kg^-1 K^-1) |
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