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Creado por Jin Braicovic
hace casi 9 años
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Pregunta | Respuesta |
Group 1 metals | do not precipitate |
Precipitation Reactions | when two ionic substances are mixed, sometimes a new ionic substance forms. - it is insoluble - that insoluble substance is called a precipitate |
sulphate | so4-2 |
carbonate | co3-2 |
Hydroxide | oh- |
nitrate | no3- |
Acetate | ch3coo- |
nitrates | are all soluble |
Chlorides Bromides Iodides | cl- Br- I- are mostly soluble |
Periods | horizontal rows on the periodic table |
Groups | Vertical columns on the periodic table |
metals | left of the staircase |
non-metals | (and hydrogen) |
Mettaloids | |
Noble gases | group 18 unreactive and stable |
Alkali metals | Group 1 |
Alkali earth metals | Group 2 |
Halogens | Group 17 |
radioactive | lead (number 83) or higher technetium promethium also radioactive |
order of valency | +1,+2,+3, +_4, -3,-2,-1,-0 |
roman numerals | oxidation state some metals can exist in both states |
Reactants | the substances that present before the chemical change takes place written on the left (before) |
Products | are the one present in the end Written on the right (after) |
Catalysts | speed up the reaction |
chemical reactions occur when... | Reacting species collide effectively |
oxidation | loss of electrons |
Reduction | gain of electrons |
solid -> gas | sublimation |
Gas->solid | Deposition |
mole | a unit of measurement for amount of substance |
Atomic number | equal to the amount of protons the number on the element |
Ion | A molecule that does not have the same amount of elections as protons |
Mass number | the number of protons and neutrons together |
Atomic weight | the weight of the element |
valency | elements in the same group have the same valency |
ionic bonding | metals combine with non-metals the transfer of electrons |
Covalent bonding | non-metals combine with non-metals the sharing of electrons |
Metallic bonding | metals combine with metals |
what do atoms do during chemical reaction? | no new atoms are created atoms rearrange to form new bonds |
Protons | the atomic number positively charged (pro) |
electrons | atomic number negatively charged (el-iminate) |
neutrons | the mass number - the atomic number have no charge (neutral) |
acid | a compound that easily releases hydrogen |
Base | that will neutralize an acid does not dissolve in water |
salt | a compound containing metallic and non-metallic elements |
diatomic | Diatomic molecules are molecules composed of only two atoms |
carbonic acid | H2CO3 |
Hydrochloric acid | HCl |
Sulfuric acid | H2S04 |
Nitric acid | HN03 |
Acetic acid | C2H4O2 |
Phosphoric acid | H3PO4 |
Neutralisation reaction | when acids react with a variety of other chemicals |
Acid + metal --> | salt + hydrogen gas |
Acid + Carbonate --> | salt + carbon dioxide + water |
Acid + base --> | salt + water |
Cations | positive ions and form when a neutral atom loses electrons (ca-nt believe i lost an ion) |
anions | positive ions that form when a neutral atom gains an electron. (an- ion) (gain) |
Elements | pure substances composed of atoms with the same atomic number |
solute | the substance being dissolved |
solvent | the substance that dissolves the solute |
Electron configuration | the distribution of electrons in an atom |
Exothermic reactions | Release energy |
Endothermic Reactions | Absorbs energy |
Decompositition reaction | When a single reactant forms 2 or more products |
Hydrogen Bonds | When hydrogen bonds to elements: N, O and F (nitrogen, oxygen and Fluorine) |
indicators | change colour in the presence of an acid or a base -litmus -methyl orange Phenolphthalein |
Prefixes | if it has a metal, DONT put prefix Mono, di, tri, tetra, penta |
Ammonia | NH3- |
Ammonium | NH4- |
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