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| Pregunta | Respuesta |
| Mesopatamia | "land between the rivers" : located in the region known |
| Sumerians | creators of the first mesopotamia civilization |
| Polytheistic | belief in many gods |
| ziggurats | massive stepped tower |
| theocracy | government by divine authority |
| cuneiform | "wedge-shaped" system of writing |
| Hammurabi's law code | system of strict justice |
| patriarchal | men dominated the society |
| Nile River | begins in the heart of Africa and courses northward for more than 4000 miles. longest river in the world |
| inundation: annual flooding of the Nile River | Egyptians referred to the rivers flooding as the "miracle" of the Nile |
| Cataracts: waterfalls along the Nile River | The Blue Nile Falls is a waterfall on the Blue Nile river in Ethiopia. It is known as Tis Abay in Amharic, meaning "smoking water". It is situated on the upper course of the river, about 30 km downstream from the town of Bahir Dar and Lake Tana. The falls are considered one of Ethiopia's best known tourist attractions. |
| King Menes | united upper and lower egypt into one kingdom and ruled them with the first royal dynasty |
| dynasty | family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on within the family |
| pharaoh | "great house" or "palace" |
| vizier | the steward of the whole land |
| Silt | rich, black soil left behind by the yearly flood |
| Mummification | A process of slowly drying a dead body to prevent it from rotting |
| "ba" + "ka" | Parts of the soul |
| Canopic Jars | used to preserve remains or organs of a person |
| Great Pyramid | Largest pyramid built for King Khufu |
| King Khufu | Second pharaoh of the 4th dynasty and had the great pyramid built |
| Sphinx | It has a body of a lion and the head of a king or god |
| Old kingdom | Collapsed followed by a period of disorder that lasted about 150 years |
| Middle kingdom | Came to an end with an invasion by a group of people from western Asia |
| New Kingdom | new temples were built and new pharaohs ruled |
| Queen Hatshepsut | built a great pyramid and was one of the first women as pharaoh |
| King Tut | the most famous and instantly recognizable Pharaoh in the modern world |
| Fertile Crescent | the region in the middle east which curves like a quarter moon shape known as the cradle of civilization |
| King khufu's boat | discovered in 1952 buried under the great pyramid it would be needed to ferry king khufu's spirit across the sky to be with Ra the sun god |
| hieroglyphics | egyptian picture writing |
| The Rosetta stone | a stone with writing on it in two languages |
| Hyksos | invaded egypt and ruled for 200 years introduced the horse drawn chariot |
| Akhenaten | rejected the traditional religion in favor of worshiping the aten, or sun disc after whom he renamed himself |
| Ramses II | Reigned 67 years and fathered over 100 children defeated the hittites |
| papyrus | reed like plant that grows on the nile river and egyptians wrote on it |
| cultural diffusion | the spreading of ideas from one culture to another culture |
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