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| Astronomer and Astrophysicist. She analyzed the spectra of stars and novae, and discovered that the stars are composed of 99% Hydrogen and Helium. | |
| She was an American nanotechnologist, known as the "Queen of Carbon Science" She was an Institute Professor and Professor Emerita of physics and electrical engineering at MIT. | |
| Hollywood actress Hedy Lamarr co-invented an important military communications technology, which is now used in WI-FI and Bluetooth. | |
| She performed some of the fundamental work in the identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the cause of AIDS. | |
| In 2020, Charpentier and American biochemist Jennifer Doudna of the University of California, Berkeley, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the development of a method for genome editing" (through CRISPR). | |
| She was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person and the only woman to win the Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two scientific fields. | |
| Physicist Maria Telkes was a pioneer in solar energy technology. She designed, among other things, the first thermoelectric power generator and the first solar heating system. | |
| Sister Mary Kenneth Keller | Sister Mary Kenneth Keller was at once a nun, a mathematician and a pioneer of computer science. She participated in the creation of the Basic Programming Language. |
| Biologist Rachel Carson studied the harmful effects of pesticides on birds and the environment. Her book "Silent Spring" helped to launch the environmental movement. | |
| She was a pioneer in space science and computing. She calculated the trajectory for the Apollo 11 flight to the Moon. | |
| She was the first ever computer programmer. She wrote the first algorithm for Charles Babbage's analytical engine. |
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